湖北蛇屋山金矿床含金碳酸盐岩风化成矿过程

为阐述含金碳酸盐岩的风化成土过程,以湖北蛇屋山红土型金矿床为例,系统开展了元素地球化学和矿物学研究.研究发现,从风化壳腐泥层→杂色粘土带,碱金属、FeO、MnO、有机碳(Morg)、稀土元素(REE)和高场强元素(HFSE)等元素,以及钾长石、斜长石和黄铁矿等矿物的含量逐渐降低.质量平衡计算表明,风化过程中Si、Fe、...     

巨型矿床形成与定位的构造控制:胶东金矿集区剖析

胶东被视为全球惟一一个晚于赋矿围岩几十亿年而发生巨量金聚积的矿集区,也是中国最重要的黄金基地,已发现金矿床150余处,累计探明黄金资源储量超过4500t。金矿床沿区域上NE-NNE向断裂带及其次级断裂产出,具有NE呈带、EW呈行的分布特征,形成招莱、蓬栖、牟乳和盆缘4条金矿带。控矿断裂带经历了从挤压、经剪压和剪张、到伸展的构造体制转换,其中成矿前为挤压-剪压构造体制,成矿后为伸展构造体制,而大规模金成矿作用受控于NNW-SSE向主构造应力场引起的韧-脆性形变,形成于剪压-剪张构造体制转换过程中。区域控矿断裂带具有拆离断层特征,且在成矿期与上、下盘的构造-建造组合具有变质核杂岩典型的3层组成结构,其中受控于拆离断层脆-韧性变形的玲珑变质核杂岩东缘金矿床的金矿化年龄略早于受控于脆性构造变形的区域大规模金成矿作用,表明至少存在两次连续却明显不同的金成矿事件,其形成于陆内伸展拆离向汇聚挤压构造体制转换背景。成矿前、后,区域主构造应力场基本均一,反映了区域均匀应变特征;而成矿期NE-NNE向断裂带叠加于再活化的近EW向基底构造之上,触发区域控矿的NNE向断裂带往NE方向偏转了约20°～30°,引起构造主应力偏离区域等效应力10°～20°,导致局部非均匀应变和围岩渗透率的增大,从而有利于巨型金矿床(区)的形成与就位。压剪构造体制下断层产状相对平缓的部位呈拉张状态,导致断裂带下盘形成厚且宽的含赤铁矿钾化蚀变带,其化学和流变学特征有利于随后金成矿作用的发生,是破碎带蚀变岩型金矿床NE向控矿断层倾角相对较缓的可能原因;而由断块旋转变形导致的近平行S-N向高角度断裂带间先存构造薄弱带的再活化和液压致裂作用是导致石英脉型金矿床形成与就位的可能机制。     

Gold Deposits of the Yenisei Ridge (Russia) and Age of Its Formation

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Antimony Mineralization at the Gold Deposits of the Ob-Zaysan Folded Zone(Southern Siberia and Western Kazakhstan).

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Features of Ore Formation of Gold Deposits of the Glukharinskii Ore Cluster (Cis-Kolyma Terrain)

Doklady Earth Sciences - This paper reports on new data on δ34S and δ18O isotopy for trace and rare-earth elements of the Au deposits of the Glukharinskii ore cluster. The geochemical...     

Gibbsite and Boehmite in Weathering Crusts of Different Ages Affected by Lateritization: Location and Formation

Doklady Earth Sciences - The main source of aluminum is bauxite ores and their basic mineral components gibbsite Al(OH)3 and boehmite AlO(OH). Alumina Al2O3 is formed by various methods of...     

甚低频电磁法对脉状矿床勘查评价的意义——以金、铅锌(银)和萤石矿为例

脉状矿床是重要的矿床类型之一。其矿体往往赋存于断裂构造之中，甚低频电磁法（VLF-EM）以其成本低廉、轻便高效，以及对脉状矿（化）体特有的灵敏性而具有特色。文章通过对以脉状形式产出的金、铅锌（银）及萤石矿的VLF-EM找矿勘查实例，探讨了VLF-EM对这类矿床勘查的有效性和优越性，结果表明该方法对脉状矿床勘查评价有重要意义。     

Formation and Significance of Chromium-Bearing Sericite in Granite-Hosted Gold Deposits

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Gold in the weathering crust at the Suzdal' deposit (Kazakhstan)

A comparative analysis of morphology and geochemistry was made for gold from the primary ores and weathering crust of the Suzdal' gold deposit, Eastern Kazakhstan. The deposit is localized in Carboniferous carbonaceous-terrigenous strata and is of gold-sulfide type. Study of gold from primary ores showed that it occurs mainly in two species: free and so-called invisible. Free gold is crystallomorphic segregations and irregular-shaped grains up to tens of microns in size; it occurs in intergrowths with sulfides, quartz, carbonate, and mica-chlorite aggregate. Most of gold particles have a fineness of 930–980‰, with some grains showing wide variations in composition. Invisible gold (probably chemically combined) is present in fine-acicular arsenopyrite and, less frequently, pyrite.Being transported to the weathering crust, all this gold served as a source for “neogenic” gold of diverse morphologic forms. We recognized crystalline (isometric, prismatic, acicular, and tabular) particles and drusoid gold aggregates in the form of exotic intergrowths of crystallomorphic and sinter-shelly grains. The grains tend to coarsen from bottom to top of the weathering crust. Several generations of gold of different granulometric classes are observed. We have revealed seed and layer growth and dissolution structures in crystals of early generations overgrown with fine grains. All these gold varieties are associated with hypergene minerals. Most of this gold is of high fineness (on the average, 995‰). The hypergene gold particles are chemically homogeneous high-grade, without rims.The results of studies suggest that the high-grade hypergene gold formed in the weathering crust as a result of the dissolution of invisible gold of sulfides and its local redistribution and deposition in oxidizing media. This is also evidenced from the tendency of gold to coarsen from bottom to top of the weathering crust. A distinctive feature of secondary gold is well-expressed crystals and their great diversity.     

新疆昆仑山北缘一带含金硅铁建造中金矿床特征及找矿标志

含金硅铁建造型铁金矿是近年来在新疆昆仑山地区发现的又一具有重要远景意义的矿床类型,经过地学工作者们艰苦努力,已经相继发现帕西木、苦阿-恰克能萨依、麻特等多处矿床(点).矿床产于石炭系阿羌岩组(C1a),含矿岩系为一套海底喷发-喷流沉积形成的海相火山喷发-正常碎屑沉积夹含金硅铁建造,区域上具有明显的层控矿床特征,类似于我国黑龙江省"东风山式"金矿,成因类型属火山-沉积作用有关的沉积变质改造型矿床.     

右江盆地构造和演化及对卡林型金矿床的控制作用

右江盆地,又称南盘江盆地,是我国重要的多金属矿床富集地,广泛发育有Au-As-Sb-Hg低温热液矿床,也是我国 卡林型金矿大规模富集区之一。矿床地质特征表明,金矿床的形成明显受到构造的控制,因此,探讨盆地的构造演化对于 深入研究卡林型金矿的形成具有重要意义。通过结合前人大量研究认为：右江盆地内主要发育有NW和NE向两组构造, NW及NE向的边界断裂对盆地的演化及火成岩的发育起到重要作用;金矿床在平面上均分布于右江盆地范围内,具有明显 的岩性和构造控矿的特征;右江盆地形成及后续的构造演化可以分为六个阶段,即：早泥盆世中期滨浅海陆棚发育 （D2 1 ）,中泥盆世-中二叠世裂陷洋盆发育（D2-P2）,中二叠世末-中三叠世洋盆消失及前陆盆地发育（P3 2 -T2）,晚三叠世 -早侏罗世盆地消亡及碰撞后伸展（T3-J1）,中侏罗世-早白垩世中期NE向挤压构造发育（J2- K2 1 ） 和早白垩世晚期-古 近纪局部伸展作用（K3 1 -E）;右江盆地内卡林型金矿的成矿期集中在前陆盆地发育结束而褶皱成山后,成矿过程与伸展环 境密切相关。     

锗、银、金大型超大型矿床的有机地球化学研究

锗、银、金大型超大型矿床的有机地球化学研究庄汉平（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳５５０００２）关键词有机质—金属相互作用褐煤型超大型锗矿床黑色页岩型银钒矿床卡林型金矿床有机地球化学有机质—金属相互作用是有关超大型矿床基础理论研究的重要内容之一。在以往...     

甘肃金山、马泉金矿床成因类型及其对比研究

金山、马泉金矿床是礼县-白云-山阳大断裂西段膨大、分支锐角夹持区的两个中型金矿床。通过对矿床区域地质背景、矿床地质特征、成因等要素的对比分析;对中川岩体及含金性特征及中石炭统、中泥盆统含金性的研究,认为金矿的金源应来自浅部地层。通过对石英样品δ18O的测定,认为矿石的主要物质成分——氧来自地层;通过成矿溶液水的氧氢同位素特征的测定,认为成矿溶液水是少量岩浆水渗入了大量的大气降水组成的混合热液水;通过分析硫同位素特征和稀土元素配分模式,认为硫具深源性,而稀土元素来自地层。对成矿物理化学条件的研究,认为在中低温弱矿化度、弱酸性、弱还原条件下成矿。中川岩体是矿床形成的热源体;矿床应属微细浸染型（即卡林型）金矿床。认为这2个矿床应属较大的金矿床,在以后的地质勘查中应统筹考虑、（特别是在两个矿床的结合部）,以便扩大金矿床规模。     

河北省牛圈银(金)矿床成因初探

通过对牛圈银(金)矿床的细粒花岗岩、隐爆角砾岩、同位素特征等方面研究,笔者认为与矿床关系密切的隐爆角砾岩(次火山岩)由基底岩石的部分重熔形成,而成矿物质来源于下地壳-上地幔重熔岩浆;成矿热液为重熔岩浆分异演化形成的富气相流体.这些热液与次火山岩浆相伴或滞后上升,经多次隐爆作用在破碎带中形成矿床.银矿体呈脉状产出于粗粒花岗岩之破碎带中,含矿岩石为隐爆角砾岩.熔浆物质既成角砾又呈胶结物,成矿带发育中低温热液蚀变.矿床为含矿凝灰岩(英安质)熔浆经隐爆作用形成的浅成中低温热液矿床.     

Discussion on the Geological Characteristics and Metallogenic Mechanism of the Gold and Silver Deposits in the Linjiasandaogou-Xiaotongjiapuzi Ore-Concentrated Area, Eastern Liaoning

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The Structure and Formation Conditions of the Bedenekir Formation Deposits (Thithonian Stage) of Mountainous Crimea

The composition and origin of the Bedenekir Formation deposits of Mountainous Crimea are detailed on the basis of our work results and analysis of both published and unpublished data.     

Gold Grade and Tonnage Models of the Gold Deposits, China

Abstract: The gold grade and tonnage modelling is applied to some types of the gold deposits in China, including placer, Archaean lode, slate belt, Carlin, volcanogenic, skarn and Shandong Peninsula, among others. The Shandong Peninsula type denotes the gold deposit, which was formed in an intensely reshaped Archaean greenstone belt. The modelling results show: (1) the Archaean lode gold deposits of China are similar to the Homestake type in gold grades. (2) The Chinese slate belt type gold deposits are marked by moderately lower gold grades but considerably larger ore volumes than the similar type elsewhere. (3) The Carlin style gold deposits of China are identified by higher Au grades but evidently smaller sizes in comparison with their counterparts in western North America. (4) The volcanogenic (continental) style is similar to Sado epithermal veins in gold grade‐tonnage models and general characteristics while volcanogenic gold deposits of the oceanic subgroup contrast with Kuroko‐type deposits in the gold grade model. But the Chinese volcanogenic (oceanic) subtype (Palaeozoic age) shows similar higher gold grades to those of the Palaeozoic Kuroko‐type deposits elsewhere. (5) Porphyry and skarn gold deposits tend to have a large size but low grade. (6) Less than half of the Shandong Peninsula gold deposits are of ore volumes exceeding the 50th intercept of the relevant gold tonnage model, implying possible undiscovered gold deposits with a larger size in the peninsula. (7) In general, Chinese gold deposits of larger sizes tend to have lower gold grades in relation to gold grade models. (8) Gold grade‐tonnage models can be effectively influenced by how to include or exclude non‐economic gold resources in the modelling. Ore volumes of gold deposits actually to some extent depend on gold grades. Consequently, the way of including or excluding low‐grade values may effect a gold grade‐tonnage model and cause different interpretation of the modelling results. This is particularly true to the gold deposits, which generally show an inverse correlation between gold grade and tonnage.     

沉积（火山）岩中铅锌矿化与金矿化的关系——兼论我国铅锌矿化集中区的金矿勘查

近年来,我国在铅锌矿区或外围发现了越来越多不同类型的金矿床,铅锌矿化与金矿化之间的相互关系及其勘查指示意义已引起了广泛的关注。沉积（火山）岩中的铅锌矿化基本可分三种类型,不同类型的铅锌矿化有不同的成矿环境,而金的成矿地质事件是在特定地区与特定的热—构造事件相互耦合的。研究发现,只有在经历了后期强烈的热—构造事件的Sedex型或VMS型铅锌矿区才具备形成金矿化的条件,是金矿勘查的有利地区;MVT型和后期缺乏热—构造事件的Sedex型或VMS型铅锌矿区不具备形成金矿化的条件,是金矿勘查的不利地区。     

金矿床和金成矿作用研究进展

金矿床仍然是31届地质大会的主题之一,综观本届地质大会中有关金矿床的研究成果,对金矿床及其成矿作用的研究主要有以下几方面的进展。1 金矿床的分类 R.Kerrich＆R.Goldfarb等提出一种新的金矿床分类方案。他们依据金矿床产出的大地构造环境划分出6种主要类型,每种都有金储量达100～1000t的代表性成矿省。这6种类型是:①造山带型金矿床,②卡林型—似卡林型金矿床,③浅成低温热液型金—银矿床,④铜—金斑岩型矿床,     

地面高精度磁法测量找寻金矿应用例析

利用地面 Ｈｃ － ９５ 氦（４ Ｈｅ） 光泵磁力仪,对胶东某金矿普查区进行了大比例尺、高精度磁法测量。在此基础上,着重阐释胶东西北部区域和普查区磁场结构及其地质意义,编制出普查区成矿构造地质图。同时,对比分析已知金矿床（ 体） 磁场特征,建立金矿地质－ 地球物理找矿模型,进行找矿预测。进而在重点区段实施初步工程验证,见矿率高,从而说明了地面高精度磁法测量找寻金矿的可行性和有效性。