How to achieve the 2030 CO2 emission-reduction targets for China's industrial sector: Retrospective decomposition and prospective trajectories

The Chinese government actively follows the low-carbon development pattern and has set the definite targets of reducing carbon emissions by 2030. The industrial sector plays a significant role in China's economic growth and CO₂ emissions. This is the first study to present a specific investigation on the retrospective decomposition (1993–2014) and prospective trajectories (2015–2035) of China's industrial CO₂ emission intensity (ICEI) and industrial CO₂ emissions (ICE), aiming at China Industrial Green Development Plan 2016–2020 targets and China's 2030 CO₂ emission-reduction targets. We introduce process carbon intensity, investment and R&D factors into the decomposition model and make a combination of dynamic Monte Carlo simulation and scenario analysis to identify whether and how the targets would be realized from a sector-specific perspective. The results indicate that investment intensity is the primary driver for the increase in ICEI, while R&D intensity and energy intensity are the leading contributors to the reduction in ICEI. Under existing policies, it is very possible for the industrial sector to achieve the 2020 and 2030 intensity-reduction targets. However, the realization of 2030 emission-peak target has some uncertainties and needs extra efforts in efficiency improvement and structural adjustment. All the five scenarios would achieve the 2020 and 2030 intensity-reduction targets, except Scenario N4 for China Industrial Green Development Plan 2016–2020 target. Nonetheless, only three scenarios would realize the 2030 emission-peak target. With strong efficiency improvement and structural adjustment, ICE would hit the peak in 2025. In contrast, with high/low efficiency improvement and weak structural adjustment, ICE would fail to reach the peak before 2035. Both ICEI and ICE have substantial mitigation potentials with the enhancement of efficiency improvement and structural adjustment. Finally, we suggest that the Chinese government should raise the baseline requirements of efficiency improvement and structural adjustment for the industrial sector to achieve China’s 2030 targets.     

中国省域电力部门CO2排放计算方法研究

提出一种基于各省电力消费详细来源的消费端排放计算方法,该方法使用不同来源电力的特征化排放因子估算调入电力隐含排放。对2005年和2010年各省电力部门CO₂排放量进行估算,并与生产端方法估算结果进行对比分析。结果表明：使用消费端方法计算后电力净调出省排放量下降,2010年内蒙古两种方法计算结果差值高达1.09亿t,该差值相当于陕西发电排放或加拿大发电和供热总排放;相反,使用消费端方法计算后电力净调入省排放量上升,2010年河北排放量上升0.74亿t,北京上升0.60亿t,北京两种方法计算结果相差幅度高达320%。