“Is there a bubble to burst?”-college students’ spatial perception of campus and the city,a case study of rhodes college in memphis,TN

ABSTRACT

This paper builds on the study of student geography by critically examining college students’ perceived space of a university campus and the surrounding urban space. Rhodes College is a liberal arts college situated in the city of Memphis. As a campus with a majority white population located in a predominately black city, Rhodes College exists within but often separate from the city. It serves as a perfect case study to investigate how the college students build relationships with the environment within and beyond the campus. By using mental mapping and focus groups, this research unpacks four spatialities that shape college students’ perception of the urban space: (in)activity space, (im)mobility, boundaries, and center. This research demonstrates that student geography can be gendered, classed and racialized. The perceived space is socially constructed, and is reinforced by the lived and material space. Finally, this paper provides implications to facilitate deeper connections between students, the campus, and the city.     

The Dynamic Pathways of Agrarian Transformation in the Northeastern Thai–Lao Borderlands

ABSTRACT

Rural livelihoods in the northeastern Thai borderlands have moved away from being predominantly agrarian, yet farming remains a desirable alternative for many people. The empirical findings from fieldwork in a village in the northeastern Thai–Lao borderlands indicate how dependence on agriculture is determined by family contexts, such as land ownership, education level of household members, their gender and age. Cheap Lao labour and government price-support policies have enabled farmers to remain in production and diversify. Some educated rural people have successfully found employment opportunities outside the village as migratory wage labour, and are able to attain higher social status back in the village. Successful migrants have invested their earnings on cash-crop production and become rural entrepreneurs. Conversely, less educated migrants were unsuccessful in finding good jobs in the city and viewed agriculture as a more favourable alternative and valuable security. Geographical, cultural and economic specificities conditioned rural transformation and contributed to increasingly diverse and geographically extended livelihoods.     

Reply To “On Farmland Protection In Southern California”

Mounting evidence indicates that large, world-class cities have expanded their spatial markets well beyond the regional urban systems in which they are located. This has led many observers to conclude that in the contemporary economy, interdependence, interaction, and connectivity are no longer fundamental characteristics of hierarchical urban systems. Virtually all research, however, deals exclusively with the changing role of large cities, while the spatial markets of medium- and smaller-sized cities comprising an urban system have been ignored. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate whether the spatial markets of medium- and smaller-sized cities in an urban hierarchical system continue to display a systematic relationship with city size, or whether they also reveal the absence of connection, or integration, with the regional system. The analysis uses survey data collected from 480 producer service firms located in an urban hierarchy comprising 15 midwestern cities of the United States. The results indicate that the spatial market of the largest city (Chicago) extends well beyond the Midwest urban hierarchy, while the spatial markets of smaller-sized cities are more integrated within the hierarchical system.     

Hydroelectric Infrastructure and Potential Groundwater Contamination in the Brazilian Amazon: Altamira and the Belo Monte Dam

Heavy investments in hydroelectric development are occurring throughout the Amazon Basin, which holds 42.2 percent of Brazil’s hydroelectric potential. The Belo Monte dam is the most recent and largest project in this region. The prevalence of septic systems in the Amazon, coupled with the widespread use of water wells and rising water table from filling the reservoir, create sanitation and health concerns for upstream communities. Using spatial analytical data and terrain analyses, we identify high-risk locations within the most densely populated neighborhoods in Altamira, Belo Monte’s host city. The purpose of this research is to develop a heuristic for identifying areas susceptible to groundwater and well contamination in relation to existing and proposed hydroelectric projects. Altamira’s city center persists as a high-risk location for contamination of wells because of its population density and relatively low elevation compared to other parts of the city. The methods, tools, and analyses presented in this article provide a framework that can be used to identify vulnerability to groundwater and drinking well contamination. The results presented here can guide implementation of public health and sanitation efforts in areas affected by large hydroelectric projects to avoid future water quality crises. Key Words: Belo Monte, groundwater contamination, hydroelectric infrastructure, risk assessment, spatial and terrain analyses.     

滇中南无量山种子植物区系联系及其地位

无量山种子植物区系迄今为止含207科,1027属,2548种,极其丰富,通过对区系相似性系数、云南各自然小区的共有种频率以及中国特有属三方面的分析,把无量山置于东亚植物区的中国-喜马拉雅森林植物亚区的云南高原地区。     

明清时期太湖流域的中心地结构

太湖流域是长江三角洲的核心组成部分。研究表明,该地区虽然水网密布,水系发达,并有太湖等大小湖泊存在,但并不影响中心地结构在该区域的形成,其形成机理是地形平坦、水系呈规则的圩田塘埔系统,及高度发达的市场体系。该中心地结构的中心城市是苏州,而苏州位于太湖流域的几何中心;另一方面,不同等级中心地的间距之间存在着高度的对应性。据此,根据太湖流域中心地的形成过程,可以给出以下的中心地结构的形成路径：区域几何中心决定最高等级中心地的区位;区域面积决定一级中心地与二级中心地之间及二级中心地之间的距离;高等级中心地之间的间距决定以后,余下的不同等级中心地之间的距离即可同时决定。由此,太湖流域中心地结构的形成体现了典型的自上而下的中心地形成过程与类型。这一形成过程具有一般性,即对任何一个中心地而言,都有一个自低等级中心地向高等级中心地的转化、升级过程,但对整个区域而言,却是高等级中心地首先形成,然后才是以此为中心各级不同等级中心地的相继形成,最终形成完整的中心地等级体系。其研究结论丰富与完善了中心地学说。     

Shifting borders,shifting center: hedging-out uncertainty in west Jerusalem’s urban core

ABSTRACT

This article argues that contested cities are inherently characterized by uncertainty and uses the interconnections between conflict, uncertainty and urban planning as a new analytical framework for investigating conflict cities. In the contested city of Jerusalem, geopolitical uncertainty stems from the Israeli occupation over East Jerusalem. Focusing on recent urban regeneration plans for West Jerusalem’s city center, the article explores how the municipality locates, plans and imagines the city center when the city’s external and internal boundaries are contested and unfixed. A two-tier analysis is employed. First, a historical analysis shows that the “city center”, as defined by authorities, is an unfixed locale that shifts in concurrence with shifts in the city’s boundaries. Then, a geopolitical analysis shows that by shifting the city center’s boundaries, the Israeli authorities decouple the city’s economic development (in the west) from Israel’s continuing ethno-national policies (in the east).     

AN EARLY LETTER FROM WILLIAM MORRIS DAVIS

The freestanding ambulatory surgery center (FASC), also known as an outpatient or day surgery center, is one of several modern health care providers which are currently challenging the dominance of traditional medical professionals. This paper examines the location and distribution of FASCs in the United States for the period 1987–1992. FASCs tend to be concentrated in the states of the South and West, and have exhibited increasing concentration in these regions during the five-year study period. In addition, FASCs are found mostly in metropolitan areas and appear to be moving toward more suburban locations, although central city sites still dominate. Future research should concentrate on more micro-scale locations of the FASC and other nontraditional health care providers.     

Ethnic Place Identity Within A Parisian Neighborhood

The Goutte d'Or neighborhood of Paris has long been seen as an impoverished yet colorful quarter of the city. In recent years, it has also developed a reputation as a center for immigrants. Three populations now share the neighborhood: the European French, the Maghrebi immigrant population and their children, and the newest population of migrants from former Francophone colonies. This paper examines how the Goutte d'Or's social and ethnic identity is revealed in the built environment and in its social and economic activity. This neighborhood demonstrates how different communities and place identities coexist. It also shows how global networks of migration, exchange, and visits infuse local places. The Goutte d'Or distills many aspects of French immigrant identities, providing an example for increasing numbers of immigrant neighborhoods in France and across the world.     

非物质文化遗产结构特征及影响因素分析——以辽西走廊为例

基于地域性文化特色与区域旅游经济提升,借助MapInfo、Excel等技术手段,探讨了辽西走廊非物质文化遗产的结构特征及其影响因素.研究结果表明：宏观层面以锦州、朝阳为中心圈,向东、西、南三方向呈现递减的非均衡分布特征,而微观层面分别以锦州市区、葫芦岛市区、朝阳市区、阜新蒙古族自治县、大洼县为中心,向市域内其他县市减少扩散;其级别结构特征以市级为主,省级次之,国家级与世界级的比例较少;其类型结构以传统美术和传统技艺类为主,民间文学、曲艺、传统音乐、传统体育游艺与杂技类项目偏少.就其影响因素而言,主要有流域的历史积淀性、多民族的文化交错性、地方政府的主导性、交通网络的推动性等方面.     

Between the "Global" and the "Local": On Global Locality and Local Globality

This study offers new perspectives on the impact of global and local interactions on cities today. We look at two opposing ways of integrating global processes with the local functioning of cities. The first mode relates to a city representing unique local significance that is recognized and valued on the global scale. This globality is not economic but it affects the global interactions of individuals, institutions, and businesses in these cities. We term this type of city a global locality. The second mode is a city that serves as a local cultural and economic gateway to its region. Whether located higher or lower on the World Cities roster, at the local and regional scale it serves as both business center and cultural hub. We term this type of city a local globality. In this article, we discuss both city types using Tel Aviv-Jaffa and Jerusalem as examples.     

湖南传统村镇感应空间规划研究

长期以来,国际规划界只注重村镇的功能规划,而忽视其感应空间的规划。根据感应与行为地理学的理论,一定的感应空间影响着一定空间中的人的行为。在自给自足的小农社会背景下形成的中国大批传统村镇,其感应空间仍然带有浓厚的封建、封闭、保守、内向等文化特点,远不能适应改革开放形势下市场经济的灵活、进取、外向等要求。文章以湖南省传统村镇为例,探讨了湖南张谷英村、德夯村等传统村镇感应空间的特点及其现代规划的原则和方法。     

基于大数据分析的城市旅游地网络结构特征及其演化模式——以新浪微博签到数据为例

流动性表征了旅游地域系统要素间的内在关系,深刻影响着旅游地域网络结构的演变过程和方向。借助新浪微博爬虫技术,探讨了城市旅游地的网络结构特征,测度了旅游地节点的对外联系强度,提炼了复杂网络结构的演化模式。结果表明：① 从旅游地的等级结构来看,形成了以北京和上海为核心的全国性中心城市,核心城市凭借自身的旅游集聚和吸引功能,扩大了对周边城市的旅游影响,网络化的复杂程度逐步加深。② 从旅游地节点的层级结构来看,复杂化网络形态愈加明显,旅游地节点呈现明显的点状式分布态势,以北京、上海、广州为核心的旅游地域网络结构基本形成。③ 通过对比网络演化的过程表明,单中心发育模式由在一定时期内占据主导,逐渐转向以北京、上海、广州为核心的多地域、多中心的发展模式,核心城市的主导地位更加突显。与此同时,以成都和重庆为中心的区域性双核心空间结构发育模式表现突出,形成了以多中心发育模式和区域性双核心结构模式共存的局面。以上研究无疑为新流动性范式下重新认知和揭示复杂旅游网络体系特征及其对节点、网络、结构、空间的互动关系的深刻解读,提供了一次有益的理论尝试。     

云南省食用菌产业物流网络研究

构建合理高效的农产品物流网络,是实现农产品流通与增值并促进区域农业发展的重要基础。为构建云南省食用菌物流网络,分析了2004—2015年食用菌产业数据,揭示了食用菌产业的分散化、边缘化、不均衡的空间分布特征。从资源状况、社会经济、交通区位3个方面提出了物流节点等级的评价指标体系。依据货运联系强度模型确定轴心城市辐射范围,构建了以昆明市、曲靖市、楚雄州为中心城市圈,辐射带动滇东北、滇南的滇中食用菌物流圈和以大理州为物流核心、辐射带动滇西北地区的滇西食用菌物流圈。并以此形成云南省食用菌轴辐式物流网络。     

Constructing Alterity in Ile De France?

Abstract

The aim of the article is to determine whether the Walt Disney Company has manufactured a landscape “other” to French culture around its parks in the Eastern Paris Basin. Val d'Europe is contentiously constructed by three main groups, not just one enterprise: the French state, the Walt Disney Company and local and regional governments, as well as by present and future residents, within the constraints of a contract based on French laws. The Company's investment has been a tremendous boost to the French state's project but did not lead to Disneyfication of the Briard landscape of agricultural lands in the Eastern Paris basin. In Val d'Europe the French state did not abdicate its authority in favor of commoditization of Paris as a global metropolis. The French state and French culture were never “weak” and overwhelmed.     

上海市上市企业总部的区位分布与影响机制

大企业总部在城市内部的分布既受城市发展的影响,又是重塑城市空间格局的重要力量。基于历年上海市上市公司数据,探讨上海市的上市公司总部区位分布特征及影响因素。上市企业总部在上海呈显著的中心型分布,多数总部集聚在中心区,且总部密度随到城市中心距离的增加而迅速降低。企业总部分布还呈现强烈的接近交通干道和开发区集聚的倾向。计量模型结果表明,企业所有制条件、上市时间、企业规模、行业类型显著影响上市企业总部的区位分布,通常国有企业、规模较大的企业和上市时间较早的企业更倾向于布局在中心城区区位条件更加优越的地区,形成总部分布的二元结构。市场化改革和规划下不同类型企业的主从秩序可以解释这种企业总部分布的核心边缘二元结构。     

The distribution of electric conductivity on the eastern border of the West African craton (Republic of Niger)

Summary. Magnetotelluric soundings (MT) were conducted along the 14th parallel on the eastern border of the West African craton in the Republic of Niger.
This profile includes eight sites an average of 30 km apart. We determined the regional structure of electric conductivity and its relation to the various geological belts covered. This study took place within a 15–500 s period band. Two-dimensional modelling suggests that, in the sites located on the sedimentary basin and the mobile belt, there exists a conductive layer in the upper mantle at a depth of 80 km. Within the craton we were unable to prove the existence of this conductive layer.
There also exists another conductive layer at the crust—upper mantle boundary at a depth of 30 km, but this seems to disappear in the cratonic belt.
A significant electric discontinuity is present between the mobile belt and the sedimentary basin, due to a variation in resistivity in the substratum and a thickening in the surface cover.     

北京市生产者服务业聚集特征

国际发展经验表明, 大都市生产者服务业具有强烈的向中心商务区聚集的特征, 同时 随着产业分工深化和技术进步, 也具有向郊区扩散的趋势。利用空间基尼系数、经济计量模 型分析等方法分析北京市的金融服务业、信息咨询服务业、计算机服务业三大类生产者服务 业在城市中尤其是在中心城区和近郊区的的空间分布和聚集情况, 发现北京市的生产者服务 业呈现明显的聚集特征, 而向郊区扩散的趋势并不明显, 并且金融业、信息咨询业、计算机 服务业三类生产者服务业的聚集特征有所差别。北京市生产者服务业空间区位选择是由市场 规律、政府规划、城市特色共同作用的结果。总结国内外的研究结果发现, 生产者服务业的 空间分布主要由经济活动的联系特征、生产要素特征和区位条件三个要素所决定。     

成都平原传统场镇与林盘居民点的分布特征及其影响因素——以成都郫县为例

基于近现代地图与相关地理信息,结合历史文献与实地考察,通过GIS空间分析、核密度估算、欧氏距离、基尼系数等方法,以传统林盘聚落的核心区成都郫县为例,定量揭示了1947、1970、1985、2000与2018年郫县林盘居民点的空间分布特征与场镇分布关系的变化情况。结果表明：1）不同时期林盘居民点的分布具有明显的空间差异性,在改革开放前,林盘居民点的分布极易受到政治经济中心的影响,在改革开放后,其具有均质化快速发展的特点,但城镇化的快速推进从根本上改变了林盘居民点的散居特征,其聚集程度明显增高。林盘居民点高密度区始终具有围绕传统场镇及城镇建成区分布的特点。2）传统场镇的市场半径大致为3 km,交通条件是其选址的首要因素,民国时期场镇选址主要受水路交通影响,建国后水路交通为场镇带来的交通便利逐渐被陆路交通所取代。3）传统场镇的分布会随着林盘居民的自组织行为与相关政策的调控而不断趋于均衡状态,但在改革开放之后,场镇由乡村市场驱动的自由放任式发展转变为地方政府驱动下的固定场所。4）林盘居民点具有沿河流水系分布的特点;传统时期林盘居民点与主要道路之间的关联性较低,但当前其具有沿道路分布的特点。     

广州市多类型商业中心识别与空间模式

不同职能类型商业中心识别对研究城市商业空间结构有重要意义。与传统识别方法相比,大数据的分析更为精确和便捷。本文以广州市核心区59125条城市热点(POI)数据为基础,利用核密度分析、统计分析、最邻近距离分析等方法识别广州市多类型商业中心的边界,探索其商业空间结构与模式。结果表明：①广州市商业结构呈现明显双核集聚式分布,传统的越秀分区与现代的天河分区构成当前广州市商业空间的双中心;②不同类型的商业中心在空间上呈现显著分异,其中城市生活与公共服务中心在越秀区,商务与金融中心在天河区,休闲娱乐中心呈现分散集聚式特征;③广州市商业结构的空间模式是“圈层+组团”式分布,其中,生活、公共服务、商务职能集中分布于内圈层,娱乐休闲职能呈组团状镶嵌于各圈层中。