粤西地区的地震尾波Q值和尾波衰减特征

根据Aki的尾波理论,利用短周期仪器记录的地震资料,用两种方法估测了粤西地区的尾波Q值,得到了如下结果;Q_0值为260—370,频率相关系数η值为0.0—0.2。阳江地区的Q_0值较低,其它地区大致相同.Q_0值的分布与地质构造和地震活动有较好的相关性. 研究了粤西地区的尾波衰减特征,得到尾波衰减率K为1.88—3.18,K值与Q值的分布彼此有较好的对应性。以上结果可为地震烈度衰减和地震危险性分析等方面的研究提供参考。     

江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究

基于Aki单次散射模型,利用江苏数字地震台网记录的地震数字波形资料开展了江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究。结果表明,江苏地区总体上属于高Q值地区,但不同地区存在明显差异,总体呈现出南高北低的特点。本文对台站相对较密、地质构造特点明显、尾波Q0计算结果较为集中的四个区域分区进行了研究,获得了江苏四个区域的Q值与频率的特征关系。苏南至长江口和茅山断裂带附近为江苏的高Q值地区,苏中至沿岸为低Q值地区,苏北连云港及附近处于Q值中等水平地区。对照江苏四个Q值不同分区的构造及地震活动分析,Q值、地壳运动和地震活动性之间存在一定的相关关系。     

江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究

基于Aki单次散射模型,利用江苏数字地震台网记录的地震数字波形资料开展了江苏地区尾波Q值特征研究。结果表明,江苏地区总体上属于高Q值地区,但不同地区存在明显差异,总体呈现出南高北低的特点。本文对台站相对密,地质构造特点明显、尾波Q0计算结果较为集中的四个区域分区进行了研究,获得了江苏四个区域的Q值与频率的特征关系。苏南至长江口和茅山断裂带附近为江苏的高Q值地区,苏中至沿岸为江苏的低Q值地区,苏北连云港及附近处于Q值中等水平地区。对照江苏四个Q值不同分区的构造及地震活动分析,Q值、地壳运动和地震活动性之间存在一定的相关关系。     

利用地方震尾波估测新丰江库区的Q值

本文根据AKi单次逆向散射的尾波理论,应用Herrmann等人推广了的尾波理论模式,并假设Q与频率相关,计算了58-1,63-B和DSL-1三种短周期地震仪的尾波优势频率、尾波形状和尾波斜率作为t*函数的理论曲线,并利用库区四个台58-1仪器记录的新丰江库区的地震资料,用S-t*和C-t*两种方法,估算了新丰江水库区频率约为1.0Hz短周期波的地壳Q0值,得到Q0值在170——300之间,平均为23038;频率相关系数为0.0——0.2。Q0的平面分布表明,近坝峡谷区具有最低的Q0值。与其他地区对比后认为,库区属于地质构造相对稳定的地区。 文中还对尾波Q值的估测方法等若干问题进行了讨论。     

大柴旦地震序列尾波衰减Q值变化特征研究

利用大柴旦数字地震台记录的2008年6.3级和2009年6.4级的数字地震资料,系统地分析了大柴旦地震序列尾波Q值随时间的变化,着重分析了尾波Q值在强震前的短期变化特征.结果表明,Q值在大震前后有较明显的变化,基本趋势是震前Q值增高,震后降低.     

海城地震震源区的地震尾波衰减特征

本文使用简化的能流模型(Frankel，A．et al.,1987)研究了海城地震震源区的地震尾波衰减及介质Q值的时空分布特征。结果表明,使用该方法求得的尾波Q值基本上是介质非弹性吸收的度量；海城7．3级地震前震的Q值较高，约为500，震后显著降低至380，但5．9级最大余震震源区的Q值仍与大震前相同。这可能说明大震发生时该处介质并未破裂。最大余震发生后，整个震源区的平均Q值降至344。但地震前后介质Q值发生明显变化的范围并不大，直径约为20km。     

唐山余震的尾波 Q 值研究r

利用唐山余震的数字化地震记录研究了唐山余震区的区域衰减特性,利用 Aki(1969)的单次散射理论,分析了滦县地区的尾波 Q 值及其随频率的变化.对于尾波的起始点,我们分别取1.5倍和2倍的 S 波到时进行了计算.两种取法都有强烈的 Q 值随频率的变化.在 Q=Q0(f/f0)的假定下,第一种情况 Q0分布在16-49之间,均值为28;值分布在1.04-1.51之间,均值为1.22.第二种情况 Q0在15——59之间,均值为34;值分布在0.96-1.43之间,均值为1.16.把第二种情况的关系绘入 Sato(1994)的 S 波和 S 尾波的 Q 值与频率的关系曲线中去,符合较好.通过比较不同作者在不同地区的结果,发现数据的离散不仅与所研究的地区有关,而且不同的尾波持续时间对结果亦有很大影响.我们发现低 Q0值对应于高值和较短的震中距,高 Q0值对应于低值和较长的震中距.这是 Q 值的深度依赖关系和频率依赖关系的综合效应.      

胶东半岛及两侧海域尾波Q值分析

根据单次散射（Aki）模型,利用2003年至今山东台网记录的26次2．9级以上地震的数字化地震波,研究并探讨了胶东半岛及两侧海域平均尾波Q值,在1～18Hz的频率域范围内,Q值与频率的依赖关系为：胶东北部海域Qc=（313士42）,f^（0.653±0.145）,胶东内陆Qc=（319±88）f^（0.649±0.145）,黄海海域Qc=（259±60）f^（0.757±0.277）,与国内其他区域尾波Q值研究结果相比,本区域Qc为高值、对频率低依赖性区域。可能与本研究区内构造活动弱、地震活动水平低有关。     

华北地区Lg尾波衰减研究--Lg尾波Q0地震成像

利用单台记录叠加频谱比法测量出的华北地区560余条单台传播路径上平均Lg尾波Q0值数据（Q0是1Hz的Q值）,采用随机褶积模型和奇异值分解法,重建该地区地壳中Q0的横向变化.结果表明,华北地区地壳中Lg尾波Q0值分布具有显著的横向不均匀性,这种不均匀性与地质构造明显相关,块隆区具有较高的Q0值,例如,燕山造山带、太行山块隆、鲁西隆起;华北平原区表现为低Q0值分布,例如冀中坳陷、黄骅坳陷、济阳坳陷,二者界限分明.结合研究区内的大地热值分布研究表明,低Q0值区大都处于高热流区,这可能是地壳内热物质的活动有关.虽然华北地区Lg尾波Q0值高、低分区明显,但是,从总体上应该属于低Q0值异常区,也就是说,该区的地壳是高地震波衰减区,这可能是该地区受太平洋板块和欧亚板块的相互作用而使地壳减薄,热物质上升造成的结果.     

Attenuation of coda waves and Q_c value beneath the Chengdu telemetered seismic network

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Attenuation of coda waves and Q c value beneath the Chengdu telemetered seismic network

Based on the single scattering model of coda power spectrum analysis, digital waveform data of 50 events recorded by the real-time processing system of the Chengdu telemetry network are analyzed to estimate the Q _c values of earth medium beneath the Chengdu telemetry network for several specified frequencies. It is found that the Q _c shows the frequency dependency in the form of Q _c = Q ₀ f ⁿ in the range of 1.0 to 20.0Hz. Estimated Q ₀ ranges from 60.83 to 178.05, and n is found to be 0.713 to 1.159. The average value of Q ₀ and n are 117 and 0.978 respectively. This result indicates the strong frequency dependency of the attenuation of coda waves beneath the Chengdu telemetry network. Comparing with the results obtained in other regions of the world, it is found that Q ₀ ⁻¹ value and its change with frequency are similar to those in regions with strong tectonic activity. This subject is supported by the Ministry of Personnel, China for partly sponsoring.     

Lateral variations of coda Q and attenuation of seismic waves in Southwest Anatolia

The seismic quality factor (Q _c) and the attenuation coefficient (δ) in the earth’s crust in southwest (SW) Anatolia are estimated by using the coda wave method based on the decrease of coda wave amplitude by time on the seismogram. The quality factor Q _o, the value of Q _c at 1 Hz, and its frequency dependency η are determined from this method depending on the attenuation properties of scattered coda waves. δ is determined from the observations of amplitude variations of seismic waves. In applying the coda wave method, firstly, a type curve representing the average pattern of the individual coda decay curves for 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 24.0 Hz values was estimated. Secondly, lateral variation of coda Q and the attenuation coefficients for three main tectonic patterns are estimated. The shape of the type curve is controlled by the scattering and attenuation in the crustal volume sampled by the coda waves. The Q _o and η values vary from 30 to 180 and from 0.55 to 1.25, respectively for SW Anatolia. In SW Anatolia, coda Q–f relation is described by and δ = 0.008 km⁻¹. These results are expected to help in understanding the degree of tectonic complexity of the crust in SW Anatolia.     

利用天然地震研究蒙城地震台区域范围内介质的品质因子Q值

基于单次散射模型的尾波功率谱分析法,利用安徽省蒙城区域数字地震台1999年12月30日记录震中距35 km,M_S 4.1地震波形资料计算蒙城地震台周边半径约55 km范围内区域地球介质不同频率的Q值,发现0.5—20 Hz频率范围内,Q值随频率的变化关系近似服从幂函数关系Q_c=Q_0f~η,Q_0为1 Hz时的Q值,即Q_c=27.04f~(0.9952±0.0004),其中Q值在13—533范围内,平均值为273,η值在0.9952±0.004。结果表明,蒙城地震台附近范围内Q值具有较强的频域依赖性,与他人研究求得的Q作比较,平均值结果接近该Q值可以较好反映当地地球介质的品质因子;给出当地地震波传播介质的平均自由程为15 km,探讨介质的品质因子Q(Q_c)值的物理意义及应用,对研究本地区的地震活动习性及震后趋势预测具有重要意义。     

数字地震数据尾波Q值计算实用软件

利用高精度的数字地震尾波记录来测定一定区域范围内或地震活动区内的介质品质因素Ｑ，是一项非常有意义的工作。本文介绍了一套方法上较完备和相对规范化的尾波Ｑ值计算软件，运用中国数字化地震台网（ＣＤＳＮ）记录给出计算实例。     

Attenuation of coda waves in the Northeastern Region of India

Coda wave attenuation quality factor Qc is estimated in the northeastern region of India using 45 local earthquakes recorded by regional seismic network. The quality factor Qc was estimated using the single backscattering model modified by Sato (J Phys Earth 25:27–41, 1977), in the frequency range 1–18 Hz. The attenuation and frequency dependence for different paths and the correlation of the results with geotectonics of the region are described in this paper. A total of 3,890 Qc measurements covering 187 varying paths are made for different lapse time window of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 s in coda wave. The magnitudes of the analyzed events range from 1.2 to 3.9 and focal depths range between 7 and 38 km. The source–receiver distances of the selected events range between 16 and 270 km. For 30-s duration, the mean values of the estimated Qc vary from 50 ± 12 (at 1 Hz) to 2,078 ± 211(at 18 Hz) for the Arunachal Himalaya, 49 ± 14 (at 1 Hz) to 2,466 ± 197 (at 18 Hz) for the Indo-Burman, and 45 ± 13 (at 1 Hz) to 2,069 ± 198 (at 18 Hz) for Shillong group of earthquakes. It is observed that Qc increases with frequency portraying an average attenuation relation for the region. Moreover, the pattern of Qc^− 1 with frequency is analogous to the estimates obtained in other tectonic areas in the world, except with the observation that the Qc^− 1 is much higher at 1 Hz for the northeastern region. The Qc^− 1 is about 10^− 1.8 at 1 Hz and decreases to about 10^− 3.6 at 18 Hz indicating clear frequency dependence. Pertaining to the spatial distribution of Qc values, Mikir Hills and western part of Shillong Plateau are characterized by lower attenuation.     

Attenuation of P,S, and coda waves in Koyna region,India

The attenuation properties of the crust in the Koyna region of the Indian shield have been investigated using 164 seismograms from 37 local earthquakes that occurred in the region. The extended coda normalization method has been used to estimate the quality factors for P waves and S waves , and the single back-scattering model has been used to determine the quality factor for coda waves (Q _c). The earthquakes used in the present study have the focal depth in the range of 1–9 km, and the epicentral distance vary from 11 to 55 km. The values of and Q _c show a dependence on frequency in the Koyna region. The average frequency dependent relationships (Q = Q ₀ f ⁿ) estimated for the region are , and . The ratio is found to be greater than one for the frequency range considered here (1.5–18 Hz). This ratio, along with the frequency dependence of quality factors, indicates that scattering is an important factor contributing to the attenuation of body waves in the region. A comparison of Q _c and in the present study shows that for frequencies below 4 Hz and for the frequencies greater than 4 Hz. This may be due to the multiple scattering effect of the medium. The outcome of this study is expected to be useful for the estimation of source parameters and near-source simulation of earthquake ground motion, which in turn are required in the seismic hazard assessment of a region.     

青藏高原南缘中部的地壳结构：远震P波尾波自相关的新约束

在青藏高原南缘有很多主动源和被动源地震学观测,为研究印度板块和欧亚大陆碰撞的过程和机制提供大量的地震学证据.由于印度板块的俯冲,青藏高原下方存在广泛分布的倾斜构造,对地壳结构成像带来挑战.本文基于改进的远震P波尾波自相关方法,获得了青藏高原Hi-CLIMB台阵下方清晰的P波反射率剖面.结果表明在拉萨地块下方,观察到类似于接收函数成像展示的"双Moho（doublets）"特征,反映了印度板块下地壳俯冲到青藏高原下方时可能发生了榴辉岩化;该特征向北可以追踪到31°N北侧附近,指示了印度板块下地壳的俯冲前缘.本文结果支持了印度板块向青藏高原俯冲过程中,其上地壳在雅鲁藏布江缝合带以南已被剥离,而其下地壳和岩石圈地幔继续向北俯冲并近水平地底侵到青藏高原下方.该P波反射率剖面还揭示了地壳内部的很多构造信息,例如：印度下地壳的减薄;雅鲁藏布江缝合带和班公湖—怒江缝合带的反射特征;拉萨地块和南羌塘地块的地壳内部分层特征;拉萨地块北侧和喜马拉雅北侧的中上地壳存在两个低速带.