The intensity ratio I （557.7 nm） / I （427.8 nm） at Zhong- shan Station in Antarctica

Auroral intensity ratios at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica on 8 April 1999 are studied, along with variations in pene- trated electron energy. Ratios of/（557.7 nm）/I （427.8 nm） during the quiet period were from 5 to 22, and I （630.0 nm） / I （427.8 rim） ranged from 1 to 2.76. These variations were not caused by changes of atomic oxygen concentration, but rather by penetrated electron energy variability, or other mechanisms. Ratios decreased sharply during the auroral substorm, ranging from 1.66--6.5 and 0.071-1, respectively, mainly because of the increase in penetrated electron energy. At the onset of the substorm, the ratios reached their minima. This means that penetrated electron energy was maximized. When the substorm weakened, the penetrated electron energy returned to the pre-substorm level.     

The extremely intense CNA events observed at Zhongshan Station in July, 2000

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Intensity variations of the postnoon auroral bright spots observed at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica on August 8, 1999

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The absolute gravity measurement by FG5 gravimeter at Great Wall Station,Antarctica

Gravity measurement is of great importance to the height datum in Antarctica.The absolute gravity measurement was carried out at Great Wall Station, Antarctica, using FG5 absolute gravity instrument.The gravity data was processed with corrections of earth tide, ocean tide, polar motion and the atmospher, and the RMS is within +3 x 10 -s ms-2.The vertical and horizontal gravity gradients were measured using 2 LaCoaste & Romberg (LCR) gravimeters.The absolute gravity measurement provides the fundamental data for the validation and calibration of the satellite gravity projects such as CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, and for the high accuracy geoid model.     

A preliminary application GIS in glaciological research along the traverse route from Zhongshan Station to Dome A, Antarctica

1　IntroductionGeographicalinformationsystem (GIS)isanefficientwayandimportanttechniquetomanage,displayandanalyzeAntarcticspatialdata.GIScanbeusedtomakeandre newmapproductsquickly ,evaluateenvironment,supportlogisticmanagementandfieldoperation,providechancetoextractnewknowledge,andtopromoteinformationex changeamongnationsunderthedemandoftheMadridProtocol(AADC 2 0 0 1 ;MAGIC1 998;1 999) .WorkingGroupofGeodesyandGeographicInformation (WG GGI)ofScientificCommitteeonAntarcticResearch (…     

Prospect of China＇ s Auroral Fine-structure Imaging System （CAFIS） at Zhongshan station in Antarctica

A new auroral imaging system is reported which is planned to be deployed at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica in the end of 2009. The system will focus on study of optical auroras in small scales and be called China＇ s Auroral Fine-structure Imaging System （CAFIS）. The project of CAFIS is carried out by support of ＇the tenth five-year plan for capacity building＇ of China. CAFIS will be a powerful groundbased platform for aurora observational experiments. Composing and advantages of CAFIS are introduced in this brief report. Some potential study topics involved CAFIS are also considered.     

Frozen ground and periglacial processes relationship in temperate high mountains: a case study at Monte Perdido-Tucarroya area(The Pyrenees,Spain)

Seasonally frozen ground,mountain permafrost and cryogenic geomorphological processes are important components of the Pyrenean high mountains.This work presents the results of a study on the distribution of frozen ground in a marginal and paraglacial environment of temperate mountains.An inventory was made of landforms and indicators of frozen ground,and frozen ground was mapped accordingly.During 2014 and 2016 ground temperatures and thermal regimes were monitored,basal temperatures of snow-cover(BTS)were measured and a thermal map was drawn.Differential thermal behaviours were detected among different elevations and slope orientations.Periglacial processes are the most widespread,in which frost weathering and nivation,together with gelifluction and cryoturbation,are the most efficient processes;the latter two are generally linked to the presence of frozen ground.The fall in air and ground temperatures with altitude,slope orientations,and snowpack thickness and evolution determine ground thermal regimes.In the study area,three types of thermal regimes were established:climate-controlled,snowcover-controlled,and frozen ground-controlled.Seasonally frozen ground occurs across a broad range of elevation between 2650 and 3075 m asl,whereas possible permafrost only occurs above 2750 m asl.     

The green tide in Yingkou,China in summer 2021 was caused by a subtropical alga—Ulva meridionalis (Ulvophyceae,Chlorophyta)

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The large-scale green tide caused by Ulva has occurred successively in the Yellow Sea since 2007, and new events of green tide also continued to appear in...     

Analysis and modeling of slope stability in the Three-Gorges Dam reservoir (China) �� The case of Huangtupo landslide

The water level in the Three Gorges Dam reservoir is expected to change between the elevations of 145 m and 175 m, as a function of the flood control implementation and the intensity of the annual flood. As a matter of fact, the hydraulical and mechanical loadings, related to the water level modifications, will result in alterations in the slope stability conditions. The town of Badong (Hubei), of 20 000 inhabitants, is one of the towns which was submerged by the impoundment of the reservoir. As a consequence, the new town of Badong was constructed on a nearby site which appeared to be partly an unstable site. A part of this site corresponds to an old landslide, the Huangtupo landslide, the base of which had to be submerged by the water of the reservoir. The analysis of the Huangtupo landslide, taking into account various events scenarios, drainage and reinforcement measures and monitoring devices, allows to illustrate the general process implemented all along the reservoir in order to mitigate the landslide hazard.     

The Signatures of Stable Isotopes δ~(15)N and δ~(13)C in Anadromous and Non-Anadromous Coilia nasus Living in the Yangtze River,and the Adjacent Sea Waters

Stable isotopes are increasingly used to investigate seasonal migrations of aquatic organisms. This study employed stable isotopes(δ~(13) and δ15N) for Coilia nasus from the lower Yangtze River and the adjacent East China Sea to distinguish different ecotypic groups, ascertain trophic nutrition positions, and reflect environmental influences on C. nasus. δ~(13)C signatures of C. nasus sampled from Zhoushan(ZS), Chongming(CM), and Jingjiang(JJ) waters were significantly higher than those from the Poyang Lake(PYL)(P 0.05). By contrast, δ~(15)Nsignatures of C. nasus in ZS, CM, and JJ groups were significantly lower than those in PYL group(P 0.05). Basing on δ~(13) and δ~(15)Nsignatures, we could distinguish anadromous(ZS, CM, and JJ) and non-anadromous(PYL) groups. The trophic level(TL) of anadromous C. nasus ranged from 2.90 to 3.04, whereas that of non-anadromous C. nasus was 4.38. C. nasus occupied the middle and top nutrition positions in the marine and Poyang Lake food webs, respectively. C. nasus in Poyang Lake were significantly more enriched in δ~(15)N but depleted in δ~(13), suggesting that anthropogenic nutrient inputs and terrigenous organic carbon are important to the Poyang Lake food web. This study is the first to apply δ~(15)Nand δ~(13) to population assignment studies of C. nasus in the Yangtze River and its affiliated waters. Analysis of stable isotopes(δ~(15)Nand δ~(13)) is shown to be a useful tool for discriminating anadromous and non-anadromous C. nasus.     

Study on the distribution,abundance and growth condition of Antarctic Krill(Euphausia superba)in the Prydz Bay region,Antarctica during the Austral summer of 1999/2000

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encountered at 14 sites, the abundance was comparatively low in general. The main component of the krill population was of post -larval stages. The mean numerical and weight density of krill integrated for all sampling stations in the survey area were 16. 17 ind. 1000 m -3and 12.02 g 1000 m -3 , respectively. In the survey area, stations with larger krill density are mainly located in the slope zone, except that the largest sample was collected in the open sea zone. No krill occurred in the only station of the shelf zone during our investigation. Krill collected from the slope zone were under better growth condition than those from the open sea zone, but when the survey area is considered as a whole, the growth condition is normal. The results of the comprehensive analysis of the environmental fa