埕岛极浅海油田高速高效开发配套技术

针对埕岛油田复杂的自然地理和气候条件,生产中配套应用了适合浅海油田开发的油藏工程、钻采工艺、海工工程、油水井监测、自动化控制及油藏生产管理综合调整等技术,使一个浅海边际油田开发获得了较高的效益,并形成了独具特色的海上油田高速高效开发配套技术。     

海洋声学调查数据处理系统的实现及关键技术

针对目前我国海洋水声环境调查需求,结合国内现有的技术条件和现有的处理方法、原理,详述了海洋声学调查数据处理系统的实现途径及关键技术的解决,该系统软件满足我国目前海洋调查的需求,提高了海洋环境数据处理的自动化、数字化和信息化程度。     

海洋水声环境调查数据处理系统的设计与实现

针对目前海洋环境调查现状,结合国内现有的技术条件和现有的处理方法、原理,详细论述了海洋水声环境调查处理系统软件主要功能的设计及关键技术,该系统软件满足海洋调查的需求,极大提高了海洋环境数据处理的自动化、数字化和信息化程度。     

现代海洋牧场建设之我见

现代海洋牧场建设是实现我国海洋渔业与近海生态系统和谐发展的重要途径之一,作为一种海洋经济新业态,海洋牧场既能养护渔业资源,又能修复生态环境。本文论述了现代海洋牧场建设的必要性,分析了我国海洋牧场建设中存在的建设技术缺乏标准化、承载力评估缺乏模型化、建设理念缺乏生态化、管理缺乏信息化等问题,探讨了现代海洋牧场相关理念及分类模式。针对现代海洋牧场建设存在的突出问题,提出了构建陆海统筹现代海洋牧场亟待解决的技术先导和"四化"突破(工程化、机械化、自动化和信息化)等对策和建议。     

BZ34-3／5小边际油田的开发模式和电潜泵采油技术的应用

开展海上边际油田的开发研究是开发海上油田的三大技术难题之一。BZ34-3／5油田是渤海海域的小边际油田,针对该边际油田“现有油田附近含油构造”特点采用了“三一”开发模式和两腿三桩轻型平台,并且采用了一井双泵采油技术,自投产以来日产油达300多立方米,这标志着该海上小边际油田建成并成功投产,达到了预期的目的,并取得了较好的经济效益。该油田的开发和开采模式对于边际油田的开发具有普遍意义,因此简要介绍了该油田开发模式和电潜泵采油技术的应用。     

变形测量数据采集自动化技术比较

对现有变形测量数据采集自动化的测量机器人技术、GPS技术、传感器技术、航空摄影测量技术、合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术进行了分析比较,并指出各种方法的优缺点。提出了综合各种技术优势,克服相应不足,进而组成综合数据采集自动化系统是今后变形测量数据采集自动化的发展方向。     

渤中3—2边际小油气田开发策略研究

渤中3—2油田位于渤海中部海域,其距已探明的油田远,储量规模小,抗风险能力差。在研究油田储量充分动用的基础上,运用油藏工程和数值模拟技术,对油田开发方式、层系、注采井网、井型、井位及井距等参数进行精细研究,得到了通过提高初期单井产能实现油田经济高速高效开发,体现边际小油田开发特点的开发方案。为了更有效的规避油田开发中的风险和挖掘油田的潜力,方案对风险和潜力进行了细致研究并制订相应对策,使开发方案的可操作性更强。合理简化工程设施,采用“简易井口平台＋可移动式采油平台”“蜜蜂式”采油设施,改善了油田的开发效果,为渤海湾今后大规模开发中小型边际油气田积累了实践经验,开辟了新的思路。     

渤海海域湖相碳酸盐岩储层研究方法——以XX油田深层生屑云岩为例

针对海上碳酸盐岩油田开发难点及面临的挑战,以XX油田深层碳酸盐岩油藏的ODP实施为例,提出了深层生屑云岩储层预测方法。通过古地貌及碳酸盐岩沉积模式综合研究,建立深层碳酸盐岩油藏、窄薄储层的配套研究技术,并在该技术的指导下成功完成对XX深层碳酸盐岩油田的储层预测。实践证明该研究方法可以很好地指导深层碳酸盐岩储层研究,对于类似油田的开发具有借鉴意义。     

基于海洋资源环境承载力的海上油田环境保护管理研究

文章结合《资源环境承载能力监测预警技术方法(试行)》,通过分析海洋资源环境承载能力与海上油田环境保护管理的相关性,提出了海上油田全生命周期环境保护管理的新思路。同时结合海上油田的项目特点,探讨了现阶段海洋资源环境承载力监测预警技术在功能区划、管控要求和监测预警中可能存在的不协调、不一致和不断变化的问题,并提出了统一用海类型及其管控要求、差异化政策措施和动态分析的建议。     

逆时偏移技术在复杂断块油田开发中的应用

涠西南凹陷断层广泛发育,砂体分布及连通性复杂,受常规地震资料所限,地震成像不清、砂体识别困难。针对这些问题,在涠西南复杂断块油田首次引入了技术上较为先进的逆时偏移处理技术,发挥该技术能解决地震波传播多路径问题的优势,以提高地震资料的成像质量。通过充分的处理流程、方法及参数试验,建立精确的速度模型,将逆时偏移技术应用到涠西南油田,有效提高了地震资料的品质,实现了小断层刻画和单砂体精细雕刻,并在油田开发过程中证实了该研究成果更为可靠,为今后类似油田的挖潜调整提供了一种有力的技术手段。     

Design of Mooring System for Oil Storage Vessels

The floating oil storage system has been proposed as a new facility for Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) in China. Mooring is one of the key technologies to ensure the safety, reliability, and performance of the oil storage system. This paper describes the concept, analysis, design and reliability of the mooring system. For mooring system design of these oil vessels, analysis is essential of the behavior of the vessel in connection with mooring facilities of nonlinear resilience. A nonlinear mathematical model for analyzing a moored vessel is established and solved. Some results of numerical simulations are presented. Assessment of the safety regarding the mooring system in terms of failure probability is carried out. Another simulation model for calculating the failure probability of the mooring system is proposed. The design parameters that have an influence on the characteristics of the failure probability have been identified. The simulation results show that the mooring system has an annual reliab     

绥中36．1油田注水井堵塞原因分析及对策

绥中36．1油田注水井注入压力普遍偏高,导致注水量下降,地层能量亏空,油田开发受到影响。注水井注入压力上升的主要原因是地层受到堵塞,此文从注水水质、储层敏感性和工艺措施三个方面分析了绥中36．1油田注水并堵塞的原因,提出了解除注水井堵塞的对策,并以D17井和E7井为例论述了氟硼酸体系对绥中36．1油田注水井解堵的有效性。     

Study of Disconnectable Riser Turret Mooring System Applied in the South China Sea

- The present research has been made on the Disconnectable Riser Turret Mooring (DRTM) System which could be used in the oil fields of the South China Sea. The selection of the principal dimensions and their effect on the characteristics of the system have been discussed. By means of a computer program, the synthetical appraisement has been made in the ultimate mooring condition, disconnecting condition and reconnecting condition respectively. Mean-while, a comparison has been made between DRTM system and CALM system. It has been indicated that DRTM is suitable for the South China Sea and has technological and economical preponderance.     

Investigation of Performance of Turret Assembly in Inboard Turret Mooring System

To fulfil the need of development of offshore oil floating production system, the performance of turret assembly in an inboard turret mooring system has been investigated in the paper. By means of systematic evaluation, the optimal structure of the turret for single-point mooring systems has been determined. Through model tests of a turret mooring system, several groups of data such as forces, moments and displacements under different environmental conditions have been obtained. Stresses and strains of the turret structure have been calculated by means of the finite element method corresponding to the situation in the model experiment. The study shows that the selected turret structure and the designed turret assembly are technically feasible.     

南海深水区水下溢油三维可视化模拟系统研发与应用

针对南海油气田勘探开发溢油污染防治需求,开发了国内首套深水区水下溢油三维可视化模拟系统,由三维海流预报模型、深水溢油模型、三维可视化仿真系统和数据库组成。海流预报模型基于ROMS模式,通过考虑波致混合影响,并利用最优插值技术同化卫星测高资料和嵌套技术,保障了预报结果的准确性。深水溢油模型由羽流模型和对流扩散模型组成,考虑了卷吸、油气分离、溶解、水合物生成、漂移、扩散等复杂过程。系统能够预测深水区水下油气泄漏后行为和归宿过程,提供油、气、天然气水合物粒子的大小、分布、移动速度和漂移轨迹、扩散面积、水体溢油残存量、水面溢油量等三维可视化动态模拟结果。目前系统已经在油气田勘探开发中得到应用,为南海深水溢油应急提供了重要支撑。     

油气勘探中大地坐标系的特点及其应用

概述大地坐标系的定义及国内外常用大地坐标系的特点,并讨论了它们之间的区别与联系,阐述了大地坐标系在海洋油气勘探领域中的应用。WGS84坐标与CGCS2000坐标之间误差极小,二者在油气勘探中可互用。在今后一段时期内,WGS84仍将是油气勘探中所使用的主要坐标系。     

苏北盆地阜二段陆相页岩油气勘探潜力分析

苏北盆地古近系为陆相泥页岩沉积,纵向上主要发育阜二段、阜四段两套富有机质泥页岩,其中阜二段泥页岩厚度大,有机质丰度高、类型以Ⅰ-Ⅱ1型为主,主要处于成熟演化阶段;各类微乳隙、微裂缝发育,形成的网状储集体系为油气的赋存与流动提供了空间,具备形成页岩油气的物质基础和储集条件;无机矿物中脆性矿物含量较高,黏土矿物含量较低,利于页岩油的开采;多口井见到油气显示,部分井试获工业油流,展示苏北盆地页岩油具有较大的勘探潜力.     

南海北缘东部盆地油气资源研究

南海北缘东部的珠江口盆地及台西南盆地蕴藏着十分丰富的油气资源，根据区域构造背景、盆地发育分布的特点及中、新生代的油气地质条件，结合含油气构造、油气田、油气井的分布规律，利用油气资源评价的理论、方法，对区内的油气资源进行了综合研究，并按照油气资源状况划分出油气富集区、油气潜力区、油气远景区，在此基础上，再进一步划分出4条油气富集带、11条油气潜力带、8条油气远景带，充分显示了该区石油、天然气的分布规律和油气地质特点，为商业性的勘探开发和理论研究奠定了基础。     

Ten years after the enactment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990: a success or a failure

In response to the Exxon Valdez incident, the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 was enacted as allegedly comprehensive oil pollution legislation. There have been changes in the patterns of oil spills and the strategic response to the Act. The number and volume of oil spills from tank vessels in US waters have fallen considerably without an obvious increase in oil prices since the enactment of the Act. This implies that the Act has successfully served its purpose. The Act may also facilitate the development of other oil pollution regimes including the international regime beyond the US. However, it remains to be seen whether the reduction of oil spills in US waters will be sustained in the future. There is an irreducible risk irrespective of any policy controlling oil pollution risks. The assertion that the Act has been effective in deterring oil spills may be counteracted by statistics demonstrating that the number and quantity of oil spills have also declined worldwide since 1990. It is premature to evaluate the performance of the Act because it has not so far been tested by a major oil spill since its enactment. A major oil spill in US waters in the future would illuminate limitation of the Act and lead to a fundamental reconsideration of the structure of the Act.     

深水油气田开发工程中的基础应用探讨

在对国内外深水油气田开发中的张力腿平台（TLP）、深水柱筒平台（SPAR）、半潜式生产平台、浮式生产储油卸油装置（FPSO）和水下生产系统（SBS）所采用的基础型式进行较详细调研的基础上,讨论了常见的基础型式的特点,考虑其实际应用情况并结合我国南海深水油气开发中可能采用的工程开发模式,探讨我国深水油气田开发适用的基础型式,为我国深水油气田工程设施及基础的前期研究和工程设计提供参考。