浙江白垩系的深化研究与新进展

根据岩石地层学,生物地层学和年代地层学资料,将浙江省陆相白垩系划分为３统,５群７组,并将其所含化石划分为建德,永康,衢江三修各,以综合地层学手段研究了白垩系的区域地层对比框架。在多学科综合研究,特别是在对一些岩石地层成因机制进行深层次研究的基础上,对浙江白垩系主要的关键性,疑难性地层问题,提出了一些新的认识：（１）“墉中组”底部砾岩为与火山爆发有成因联系的湖泊重力流沉积,并非底砾岩,因而“天台群”     

试论浙江建德群和磨石山群时代

根据80年代以来对浙江中生代晚期火山岩同位素年代学的研究资料,浙江省建德群和磨石山群火山岩年龄在135~117Ma之间,永康群、天台群和衢江群火山岩年龄在111~90Ma.结合近年来中国东部侏罗-白垩系界线研究的新成果,提出浙江建德群和磨石山群时代应为早白垩世.     

浙江白垩系的深化研究与新进展

根据岩石地层学、生物地层学和年代地层学资料,将浙江省陆相白垩系划分为３统、５群、１７组,并将其所含化石划分为建德、水康、衢江三个生物群。以综合地层学手段研究了白垩系的区域地层对比框架。在多学科综合研究,特别是在对一些岩石地层成因机制进行深层次研究的基础上,对浙江白垩系主要的关键性、疑难性地层问题,提出了一些新的认识：（１）“塘上组”底部砾岩为与火山爆发有成因联系的湖泊重力流沉积,并非底砾岩,因而“天台群”不是“新的构造亚层”,而基本上是火山岩型永康群;（２）“塘上组”、“小平田组”等人山活动成因的“组”,都是中白垩世时局部性火山事件形成的不等时、不连续的地质体,不是层位固定的岩石地层单位;（３）中戴组、方岩组、“赤城山组”都是晚白垩世早期地壳重力均衡调整作用中,在不同地区形成的同一套类磨拉石建造,并非层位不同的“三套”类磨拉石建造。     

江南古陆中元古代地层的划分与对比

江南古陆是扬子板块与华夏板块长期活动拼贴而成,构造极为复杂,地层的划分与对比也是众说纷纭。通过对江南古陆的变质岩的研究,认为江南古陆大地构造可划分三个Ⅰ级构造地层区：扬子地层区、江南古陆地层区及华夏地层区。江南古陆地层区又可进一步划分Ⅱ级构造地层区5个（宜丰-景德镇-歙县构造地层分区、万年构造地层分区、赣东北构造地层分区、怀玉构造地层分区及丰城-鹰潭-龙游构造地层分区）;各构造地层分区之间以构造（蛇绿）混杂岩亚带或韧性剪切带相拼接。双桥山群及周潭岩群仅分别分布在扬子地层区修水-祁门分区及华夏地层区北武夷地层分区内,而且是一套史密斯地层。而江南古陆内则发育非史密斯地层。     

姬塬地区延长组长2油层地层的精细划分与对比

地层的精细划分与对比是油气勘探研究的基础工作,地层划分的好坏直接影响着油气勘探后续的研究。在收集大量的地质资料基础上,以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田主要生油层——延长组长2油层组为研究目的,在全区内寻找分布比较稳定的主要标志层K9和长2底砂岩以及K7辅助标志层,将延长组长2油层组地层划分为3个小层。本研究为该地区的开发提供可靠的依据,并为下一步大规模开发建产作好了技术储备。     

河南灵宝盆地中新生代陆相地层的新划分与对比研究

灵宝盆地位于华北板块南缘与秦岭造山带之间,是豫西北一系列北东-南西向断陷盆地之一.盆地内沉积地层主体为一套厚约2000m陆相碎屑岩夹泥灰岩、薄煤层沉积.本文根据盆地内的恐龙蛋、介形虫、腹足类、哺乳动物化石及少量孢粉等,将地层自下而上划分为下白垩统枣窳组、上白垩统南朝组、古近系古新统-下始新统项城群、中始新统川口组、上始新统庄里坡组及新近系上-中新世（组名暂未定）等6个地层单元.研究表明：下、上白垩统之间及其与项城群之间为不整合或超覆,上中新统与川口组或庄里坡组为不整合接触,整个地层是一套河流相沉积、局部洪泛洼地或小浅湖相沉积.     

景泰老虎山活动断裂地区的第四纪地层的划分与对比研究

老虎山地区的第四系以山麓洪积与山区河流阶地沉积为主，￣１４Ｃ法、ＴＬ法和扩散方程法测定的近４０个年代样品表明：Ⅰ级阶地为全新统，阶地形成年龄为４０８６±１００ａ—４５７８±６０ａ；Ⅱ级阶地为晚更新世晚期沉积，阶地形成年龄为２３Ｋａ；Ⅲ级阶地为晚更新世早中期沉积，阶地形成年龄为７２Ｋａ；Ⅳ级阶地和Ⅴ级阶地为中更新世沉积，其阶地形成年龄分别为２１７±３５Ｋａ和３７８±６０Ｋａ；早更新统仅在局部出露，可能属早更新世早期的沉积。通过与兰州九洲台黄土剖面对比，发现Ⅰ—Ⅴ级阶地的形成年龄与标准剖面中的Ｓｏ、Ｓ＿２、Ｓ＿４等层古土壤形成年龄相一致。这说明河流层状地貌的形成。除了与构造抬升有关外，还与全球冷暖交替的大气候背景有着十分密切的内在联系     

泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题

通过泥河湾盆地大道坡和洞沟两个剖面的古地磁和古气候学研究,对泥河湾组的时代和地层划分提出了新的认识.泥河湾组Ⅰ ,顶底分别距今约2.48Ma和3.40Ma,属上新世,可与黄土高原的红粘土层对比;泥河湾组Ⅱ段,距今2.48～0.97Ma,可与午城黄土对比;泥河弯组Ⅲ段,距今0.97～0.13 Ma,大致可与离石黄土对比.根据上述地层划分方案,建立了泥河湾组地层框架,并进而与其他剖面做了对比分析.     

泰国北部清迈地区海山地层序列及其构造古地理意义

泰国西北部地区分布大量二叠纪碳酸盐岩地层,被作为该区没有古特提斯大洋的证据．新的调查表明,泰国西北部清迈．芳县地区二叠纪碳酸盐岩地层之下,广泛发育玄武岩类地层．玄武岩岩石类型为亚碱性玄武岩和钾质粗面玄武岩,其主量元素特征具有高钛和高磷的洋岛玄武岩特点,稀土元素总量较高、无δEu异常、轻稀土富集,微量元素中K,Rb和Ba等大离子亲石元素和Nb,Ta和Zr等高场强元素富集,这些特点均可以与中国“三江”地区洋岛玄武岩组合相对比．说明研究区二叠纪碳酸盐岩形成于海山环境,不是稳定的碳酸盐岩台地．该洋盆能够与中国西南地区的昌宁．孟连构造带洋盆对比,代表了古特提斯多岛洋的主支洋盆．证明晚古生代“掸泰地块”是不存在的．     

浙江北部及邻区震磁对应关系跟踪研究

用曾小苹等提供的地磁空间相关分析方法对杭州、崇明、佘山、溧阳4个地磁观测点7年的每日21时Z分量绝对观测值进行回归系数B、相关系数R、剩余标准差S的计算。研究其与该区域中小地震的相关关系,结果表明:三个参量中以相关系数R值更能反映出震磁前兆异常信息;MS≥50地震前存在突发性短期异常,异常持续时间1～3个月不等。异常后在恢复过程中或1～7个月中内有可能发震;利用该方法对该区域综合分析,该研究区范围内半年左右有可能发生5～6级地震或外围如台湾附近区域半年左右的时间有可能发生6～7级强震。     

Pseudofrenelopsis fossils from Cretaceous gypsum beds in Guixi,Jiangxi Province,China and their geological significance

Compressed fossil plants were found in the gypsum beds of the Zhoujiadian Formation in Guixi City, Jiangxi Province, China. The cuticular features of two species of Pseudofrenelopsis (Cheirolepidiaceae) were examined by scanning electron microscopy in this study: Pseudofrenelopsis papillosa Cao ex Zhou and Pseudofrenelopsis guixiensis Bainian Sun et Dai, sp. nov. A detailed analysis of the internode epidermis, and the adaxial and abaxial leaf cuticles of the two species, was performed, extending our knowledge of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the extinct Pseudofrenelopsis. A new species, Pseudofrenelopsis guixiensis sp. nov., is proposed based upon comparison of its cuticular features. It differs from previously published species in that it has hairs on the abaxial surfaces of its leaves, sometimes shares subsidiary cells on the surfaces of internodes, lacks a hypodermis, and has no papillae on its epidermal cells. Because the distribution of fossil Pseudofrenelopsis is restricted to the Lower Cretaceous, the Early Cretaceous age of the Zhoujiadian Formation is affirmed. The fossils of Pseudofrenelopsis show obvious xeromorphic characteristics, such as apparent thickening of the cuticles, subsidiary cells with obvious papillae, and anticlinal walls with strong cutinization, and they are found associated with gypsum beds and close to red beds. All of these features indicate an arid climate.     

Tectonic implications of paleomagnetic data from upper Cretaceous sediments in the Oyubari area, central Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract   Paleomagnetic studies provide constraints on the geometric configuration of the eastern Eurasian margin on geological time scales. Characteristic remanent magnetization components were isolated from eight sites by progressive demagnetization executed on samples from 25 sites in the Oyubari area, central Hokkaido where the Late Cretaceous Yezo Group is distributed. After tilt-correction, all sites show normal polarity site-mean directions, and well-clustered directions pass a positive fold test and a correlation test. Planktonic foraminifera indicate an age range of Cenomanian to Turonian, and the studied section is correlated to the geomagnetic polarity chron C34n. Reliable formation-mean directions that have been corrected for post-depositional shallowing (D = 7.5°, I = 65.9°, α₉₅ = 6.6°) are characterized by inclination data indicative of no significant latitudinal translation since the Late Cretaceous. Central Hokkaido has, therefore, been situated adjacent to easternmost Mongolia including Sikhote Alin around the present latitude since the Late Cretaceous. Declination data require significant differential rotation between Hokkaido and the eastern Asian margin, which may be indicative of rearrangement of crustal blocks along the continental margin.     

Thermal structure and rheology of upper mantle beneath Zhejiang Province, China

The paleogeotherm derived from spinel and garnet lherzolites xenoliths for the upper mantle beneath Zhejiang Province, China is higher than the oceanic geotherm but is similar to the geotherm for the upper mantle beneath eastern China constructed by Xu et al. and the upper mantle geotherm of southeastern Australia. The crust-mantle boundary defined by this geotherm is about 34 km, while the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary is about 75 km. This result coincides well with geophysical data. The study of rheological features of the xenoliths has revealed that at least two periods of deformation events occurred in the upper mantle beneath this region. The first event might be related to upper mantle diapir occurring in this region before or during late Tertiary, and the second might be related to the occurrence of small-scale shear zones in the upper mantle. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49472105).     

浙江永康盆地朝川组泥灰岩段沉积特征及其古气候意义

位于浙江省东部的永康盆地是典型的白垩纪陆相红盆.本文作者发现在永康盆地北东部的朝川组红层沉积中发育较深水暗色泥灰岩沉积,与较浅水红色细碎屑沉积呈互层或夹层产出,具渐变式湖相碳酸盐岩与陆源碎屑岩混合沉积的特征.控制该混合沉积形成的主要因素是湖盆浪基面之下的静水环境及干旱与潮湿气候的交替变化.通过对朝川组泥灰岩段沉积环境及成因进行分析,结合该泥灰岩段中保存的孢粉和植物化石组合,笔者认为该套湖相碳酸盐岩与陆源碎屑岩的混合沉积反映了浙东地区早白垩世晚期总体可能处于干热气候环境,但存在短时间内的干湿气候交替.     

浙江省出入太湖河道水量水质及污染物通量变化(2007-2019年)

自2007年太湖无锡水危机事件后,太湖流域内各项水污染防治工作进入快车道,近年来浙江省持续开展水环境治理,针对不同污染源进行分类施策、精准治理,整体水环境质量得到了显著改善.本文根据2007-2019年浙江省环太湖水文巡测资料及主要出入太湖河道水质监测成果,全面分析了出入湖河道的水量、水质及污染物通量的时空变化趋势.结...     

Global correlation for strontium isotope curve in the Late Cretaceous of Tibet and dating marine sediments

87Sr/86Sr ratios of marine carbonate samples collected from a sedimentary section of the Late Cretaceous in the south of Tibet were measured. Based on the absence of cathodo-luminescence and a very low Mn/Sr ratio (average 0.06) of the samples, it is thought that they contain information on the original seawater strontium isotope composition. The strontium isotope evolution curve of the Late Cretaceous in Tibet we established here, is consistent with other coeval curves from Europe, North America and Antarctica, supports the notion that the strontium isotope composition of seawater is governed by global events, which provides a new approach for the inter-continental and inter-basinal correlations of Late Cretaceous in the area and is a complementarity for biostratigraphy. In addition, we attempt to determine the age of the boundaries for Campanian/Santonian and Maastrichtian/Campanian by 87Sr/86Sr ratios for Gamba section in southern Tibet. The two boundaries are located in the thickness of 217 m (83.5 M     

Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) carbon isotope stratigraphy of terrestrial organic matter for the Yezo Group, Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract Carbon isotope fluctuations of sedimentary organic matter along the two geological traverses in the Yezo Group, Hokkaido, northern Japan, elucidate a detailed chemostratigraphy for the Cenomanian Stage on the northwestern Pacific margin. Visual characterization of the kerogen from mudstone samples shows that the major constituents of sedimentary organic matter originated as terrestrial higher plants. The atomic hydrogen/carbon ratios of the kerogen suggest that the original δ¹³C values of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) have not been affected significantly by thermal diagenesis. The patterns in two δ¹³C_TOM curves are similar and independent of changes in lithology and total organic carbon contents, which suggests that TOM was mixed sufficiently before the deposition in the Yezo forearc basin for the δ¹³C composition having been homogenized. In addition, this implies that the Hokkaido δ¹³C_TOM profiles represent the averaged temporal δ¹³C variations of terrestrial higher‐plant vegetation in the hinterlands of northeast Asia during Cenomanian time. Three shorter‐term (ca. 0.1 my duration) positive‐and‐negative δ¹³C_TOM fluctuations of ∼1‰ are present in the Lower to Middle Cenomanian interval in the Yezo Group. On the basis of the age‐diagnostic taxa (ammonoids, inoceramids and planktic foraminifers), these discrete δ¹³C_TOM events are interpreted to be correlated with those in the δ¹³C curves of pelagic carbonates from European basins. The correlation of δ¹³C events between the European and Yezo Group sections suggests that the shorter‐term δ¹³C fluctuations in Cenomanian ocean‐atmosphere carbon reservoirs are useful for global chemostratigraphic correlation of marine strata. In particular, the correlation of δ¹³C fluctuations of the so‐called ‘Mid‐Cenomanian event’ (MCE) implies: (i) the δ¹³C variations of global carbon reservoir during the MCE are precisely recorded in the δ¹³C_TOM records; and (ii) the MCE δ¹³C_TOM event is an efficient chronostratigraphic index for the Lower/Middle Cenomanian boundary of the Mid‐Cretaceous sequences.     

拉萨地块中部晚白垩世火山岩Ar-Ar年代学和古地磁研究结果及其构造意义

为进一步确定拉萨地块白垩纪-古近纪的古地理位置,我们对青藏高原拉萨地块措勤地区林子宗火山岩18个采点进行了古地磁研究.结果表明高温(高场)特征剩磁分量主要为亚铁磁性的磁铁矿所携带,特征剩磁分量在95%置信水平下通过了褶皱检验. 倾斜校正后采点平均的特征剩磁方向为D/I=16.2°/17.7°, α95=5.6°,对应古地磁极位置为63.1°N,224.6°E,A95=5.1°. 另一方面,Ar-Ar年代学结果表明采样剖面的林子宗火山岩形成年龄为~99-93 Ma, 与拉萨地块林周盆地的林子宗群火山岩的形成年龄存在较大差异.由此我们得到晚白垩世拉萨地块中部措勤地区的古纬度为8.5°±6.9°N,与林周盆地古近纪林子宗群典中组和年波组所揭示出的古纬度相当,进一步表明亚洲大陆最南缘的拉萨地块在晚白垩世-古近世期间位于北半球~10°N的低纬度地区.结合最新的特提斯海相地层古地磁结果,晚白垩世-古近世拉萨地块的古地理位置限定了印度与欧亚大陆的初始碰撞时间不晚于60.5 Ma;~93 Ma以来,拉萨地块和单一刚性欧亚大陆之间存在~1900 km的构造缩短.     

2010-2011水文年浙江省环太湖河道水质水量及污染物通量

根据2010-2011水文年浙江省环太湖河道水质水量同步监测资料,分析了进出太湖的水量、水质及污染物通量的时空变化.监测期内,浙江省入湖水量为22.890×108m3,出湖水量为31.576×108m3,环湖河道水质总体上保持稳定,主要污染物指标基本处于Ⅱ～Ⅲ类标准.污染物通量的估算结果表明,环湖河道的高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总磷和总氮通量均以出湖为主,入湖污染物通量的减少主要源于入太湖河流倒流流量的增加.