Probabilistic Analysis for Seismic Stability of Beach Earth Embankment

The current safety factor method for evaluating earth embankment stability is not very rational since the assessment of slope stability is really an uncertainty problem. In order to consider the random property of this problem, the probabilistic analysis is introduced herein. Finally, the stability of a real beach earth embankment is analysed by means of the suggested probabilitic approach. It may be seen that the results of analysis can represent the numerical assessment of the degree of seismic stability.     

Structural Types of Sea Embankment and Their Stability Analysis

In this paper based on investigation on the structural types of sea embankments in thesoutheast coastal area of China,as well as the related tidal stages,waves and strength of marine soils,thefinite element method(FEM)calculations for seepage flow stability,including the overall stability againstsliding and local stability of sloping surface under the action of tidal stage and waves are carried out.Acomparison of the computational results of FEM for single circular slip,composite circular slip andgeogrid reinforcement against sliding shows that for calculation of stability against sliding of marine softsoil foundation it is even more reasonable to use the composite circular slip.The stability of sloping typesea embankment against sliding is slightly better than that of the vertical face type;for the combination ofthree defences(wave,scour and seepage defences)the sea embankment structural type of a compositecross section with a platform should be a good one,but it still should be suitable to local condit     

海堤地震稳定性的概率分析

由于土坡稳定性分析实际上为一非确值性的问题，故一般通用的安全系数法分析海堤的稳定性不甚合理［１］。为考虑这一问题的随机性，文中引入概率分析的方法。最后基于所建议的概率方法分析了某实际海堤的地震稳定性，给出了该海堤稳定程度的定量评价。     

论提高青岛海岸工程地震安全性

综合提高青岛海岸工程地震安全性，不仅是一项综合科技攻关项目，也是一项系统工程的建设，它对于持续发展青岛经济至关重要。现对青岛海岸工程地震安全性的现状及应采取措施进行了初步讨论。     

基于模糊影响图的海洋结构风险分析方法研究

基于模糊影响图(FPID)和失效模式与效果分析(FMEA)建立了一种海洋结构风险分析方法。鉴于风险分析中某些事件发生概率和关系概率两个重要参数确定时需借助专家主观判断,本文将模糊概率的概念引入海洋结构影响图评估方法中。该方法成功地应用到海洋平台人员伤害分析中。虽然这里仅给出了该方法在海洋平台风险评估中的应用,但其具有更广泛应用价值。     

地震作用对琼州海峡海缆路由区海底稳定性影向的分析

以琼州海峡的北海—临高段海缆路由为例,利用计算对比的方法,分析了地震作用下,路由区3m以浅海底土液化或滑移的可能性,评价了路由区海底的稳定性。结果发现,在地震烈度为Ⅶ度的地震作用下,砂性土海底的地震剪应力平均值(0.86kPa,1.72kPa和2.57kPa)小于砂性土的液化剪应力(1.60kPa,3.20kPa和4.81kPa);粘性土海底的地震剪应力平均值(1.25kPa,2.49kPa和3.74kPa)小于粘性土的抗滑剪应力平均值(4.07kPa,4.61kPa和4.49kPa),路由区海底稳定性良好;在地震烈度为Ⅷ度的地震作用下,砂性土海底的地震剪应力平均值(1.73kPa,3.45kPa和5.12kPa)大于砂性土的液化剪应力;粘性土海底的地震剪应力平均值(2.49kPa,4.98kPa和7.47kPa)除表层外,大于粘性土的抗滑剪应力,路由区海底会发生失稳破坏。     

地震道的分形维计算及在滩海地区油藏描述中的应用

研究在滩海地区实现少打井多探明油气储量。首先给出利用地震数据求取容量维（振幅维）、关联维和R／S分析分形维等3种分形维数的计算方法,并阐明它们各自的物理意义。在分析滩海地区地震和地质条件的基础上,通过制作地质模型和对实际地震资料的分形维数计算,探讨了应用地震道的分形维数进行储层预测和油气检测的方法。在胜利滩海地区的应用实践表明,分形分维技术能够较准确地反映由地震波形等引起储层和油气层的变化,是1种比较好的进行储层预测和油气检测方法,在滩海地区的油藏描述中发挥了重要作用。     

Dynamic Risk Analysis of Permanent Deformation of Sea Embankment

For evaluation of the permanent deformation of a sea embankment under stochastic earthquake excitation, a robust dynamic risk analytical method is presented based on conventional permanent deformation analysis and stochastic seismic response analysis. This method can predict not only the mean value of maximum permanent deformation but also the reliability corresponding to different deformation control standards. The earthquake motion is modelled as a stationary Gaussian filtered white noise random process. The predicted average maximum horizontal permanent displacement is in agreement with the conventional result. Further studied are the reliability of permanent deformation due to stochastic wave details at one seismic motion level and the risk of permanent deformation due to stochastic seismic strength, i. e., the maximum acceleration in a long period. Therefore, it is possible to make the optimal design in terms of safety and economy according to the importance of a sea embankment. It is suggested tha     

Seismic Stability of Gravity Retaining Structures by Pseudo-Dynamic Method

An analytical expression of a gravity retaining wall's seismic stability against sliding and overturning is proposed in this article. The derivation, aiming at the cohesionless soil with inclined backfill surface and nonvertical wall back, is based on limit equilibrium analysis and the pseudo-dynamic method. The variations of the sliding and overturning stability safe factors with the horizontal seismic acceleration are investigated for different seismic amplification factors, soil friction angles, wall friction angles, vertical seismic acceleration coefficients, wall back inclination angles, and backfill surface inclination angles. The results indicate that the soil friction and horizontal seismic action significantly impact the seismic stability. The increase of vertical earthquake action changes the curvature of stability factor curves. The wall friction and back inclination strengthen the gravity retaining wall's resistance to sliding and overturning failure while the backfill surface inclination plays a negative role in the seismic stability. We also found that the seismic stability safe factors calculated by the proposed method are larger but more reasonable than those by the Mononobe-Okabe method.     

江苏海岸带环境的压力分析与政策响应

江苏省的海岸以淤泥质为主,岸外发育有辐射沙脊群,陆域则是人工灌溉系统和天然水系复合构成的复杂水网体系,在强烈的人类活动影响下,海岸带环境受到很大压力,而传统的管理思路不能解决江苏海岸这一复杂系统所面临的环境问题。提出以压力分析的方法,对江苏海岸带的环境问题进行分解,找出重要的影响因子,并提出相应的管理方案,供江苏海岸带管理实践之用。     

滩浅海地震资料双一致性处理技术

在滩浅海地区地震勘探中,一般采用多种类型的震源和检波器交叉施工。因震源、检波器和地表条件不同,造成地震记录在能量、频率和相位方面存在较大差异,严重影响了叠加效果。在对滩浅海地区地震资料的差异性分析基础上,利用子波匹配方法,采用激发一致性校正和接收一致性校正联合的双一致性处理技术,较好地解决了不同激发和不同接收条件造成的子波差异问题。在国外某区块勘探资料的实际处理过程中,双一致性处理技术有效消除了滩浅海资料在能量、频率及相位等方面的不一致性,取得了较好的成像效果。     

A Probabilistic Method for Motion Analysis of Caisson Breakwaters

1 .IntroductionInrecent years ,especiallyfrom1994 when aninternational conference on breakwater design washeldinJapan,muchresearchonthe dynamic analysis of caisson breakwaters has been done ,and manyimportant progresses have been made .Oumeraci and Korten…     

Probabilistic Assessment of Wave Overtopping of Nampo Dike in the West Coast of Korea

The Nampo dike, which is located at the west coast of Korea, was destroyed by wave overtopping during the storms on 30 August and 17 September in 1959. In this paper, is performed the probabilistic assessment of wave overtopping of Nampo dike by use of Owen model, Van der Meer ＆ Janssen model and Hedges ＆ Reis model for wave overtopping of seawall. Based on the available tidal and wave data for storm surges in 1989, the risk assessment of wave overtopping of the Nampo dike has been carried out by both Level Ⅱ and Level Ⅲ reliability methods. The calculated resuhs show the general agreement of failure probability between the two methods. By utilizing the rehabilitated cross section of Nampo dike, the failure probability of wave overtopping for the Nampo dike after rehabilitation will be rapidly reduced to that of initial design at crest level of 9.0 m with the improved slope from 1 ： 2 to 1 ： 4 at seaside. Since the sea level may only rise 1.0 m in the next few decades, the failure probability of Nampo dike will be still in the safe range.     

青岛近海海陆大风的对比分析

本文利用１９５１～１９９０年气象资料，分析了青岛近海海陆大风的出现频数、风向频率，阐述了该区的季风特征和形成原因，海陆大风差别及其规律，并提出了统计预报方程。通过试报和多年使用结果表明，具有一定应用价值和科学意义。     

Probabilistic Approach of Coastal Defense Against Typhoon Attacks for Nuclear Power Plant

With the global wanning and sea level rising, it is widely recognized that there is an increasing tendency of typhoon occurrence frequency and intensity. The defenses code against typhoon attacks for nuclear power plant should be calibrated because of the increasing threat of typhoon disaster and severe consequences. This paper discusses the probabilistic approach of definitions about "probable maximum typhoon" and "probable maximum storm surge" in nuclear safety regulations of China and has made some design code calibrations by use of a newly proposed Double Layer Nested Multi-objective Probability Model (DLNMPM).     

Short-Term Stability Evaluation of an Embankment Constructed on Marine Clay Foundation at Kobe Airport

This article introduces the application of a stability analysis method that accounts for strength anisotropy on the embankment constructed at the Kobe airport. Shear strength anisotropy is induced by the in-situ state of stress along a potential slip surface of the embankment. In addition, the effects of the shearing rate on the undrained shear strength of the marine clay are examined in detail based on the results of a series of constant-volume direct shear box (DSB), triaxial compression (TC), and triaxial extension (TE) tests varying shearing rates. The most critical slip surface was selected from the deterministic slope stability analysis using unconfined compression tests of undisturbed clay samples from the field. For the most critical slip surface, the potential factor of safety of the embankment is estimated to be within the range of 1.21 to 1.28, as indicated by the results of the stability analyses using the strengths obtained from the DSB, TC, and TE tests and varying shearing rates.     

高速公路软土地基沉降变形监测分析与预报

通过对高速公路软土地基沉降变形监测的非等步长观测序列进行数据处理后,变成等步长的数据序列,运用GM(1,1)模型进行变形分析与预报,得出了有益的结论。     

胜利油田孤东海堤保滩促淤工程二维潮流数值模拟研究

以胜利油田孤东海堤保滩促淤工程为实例，采用二维潮流数值模拟方法，利用实测流速资料对该海区进行潮流计算，对所提出的不同工程方案进行比较，并分析其促淤效果，在此基础上给出工程方案的推荐结论。     

Numerical Analysis of Seismic Performance of Embankment Supported by Micropiles

This paper presents a numerical model of the seismic behavior for the embankment constructed on micropile composite foundation. The effect of micropiles on soil reinforcement under static and seismic loading was studied. Embankments on the untreated and treated soil by micropiles were numerically simulated using an axisymmetric elastoplastic large deformation finite-element analysis code. The displacement caused by embankment static loading and acceleration of the embankment caused by seismic loading were calculated and compared. It was shown that micropiles can greatly reduce the settlement of the embankment and mitigate seismic response of the embankment. The main objective of this paper is to present a numerical model and to investigate the seismic behavior of micropile foundations subjected to seismic loading. A series of numerical simulations and parametric studies are presented.     

Integration of High and Very High-resolution Seismic Reflection Profiles to Study Upper Quaternary Deposits of a Coastal Area in the Western Gulf of Lions, SW France

High resolution (HR – sparker) and very high resolution (VHR – boomer) seismic reflection data acquired in shallow water environments of the Roussillon coastal area are integrated to provide an accurate image of the stratigraphic architecture of the Quaternary deposits. The complementary use of the two systems is shown to be of benefit for studies of shallow water environments. The HR sparker data improved the landward part of a general model of Quaternary stratigraphy previously established offshore. They document an incised valley complex interpreted as the record of successive late Quaternary relative sea-level cycles. The complex is capped by a polygenetic erosional surface developed during the last glacial period (>18 ky) and variably reworked by wave ravinement during the subsequent post-glacial transgression. The overlying transgressive systems tract is partly preserved and presents a varying configuration along the Roussillon coastal plain. The VHR boomer data provide information on the architecture of the uppermost deposits, both in the near-shore area and in the lagoon. These deposits overlie a maximum flooding surface at the top of the transgressive systems tract and constitute a highstand systems tract composed of two different architectural elements. In the near-shore area, a sandy coastal wedge is subdivided into a lower unit and an upper unit in equilibrium with present day dynamics. In the Salses-Leucate lagoon area, the sedimentary architecture is highly complex due to the closure of a former embayment and the formation of the present beach barrier.