BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
International Stratigraphic Guide: A Guide to Stratigraphy, Terminology and Procedure , by International Subcommission on Stratigraphic Classification of IUGS Commission on Stratigraphy, Edited by Hollis D. Hedberg
Marine Sediment Transport and Environmental Management . Edited by D. J. Stanley & D. J. P. Swift.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
L'Exoscopie Des Quartz par Loïc Le Ribault
Trace fossils 2, Geology Journal Special issue 9 , 1977. Edited by T. P. Crimes and J. C. Harper
River Channel Changes , Edited by K. J. Gregory.
Dynamics of Recent Carbonate Sedimentation and Ecology: Cape Sable, Florida , by Conrad D. Gebelein.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Atlas of Palaeobiogeography. Edited by A. Hallam
The Electron-optical Investigation of Clays. Edited by J. A. Gard
Faunes et paysages du Grès à Voltzia du Nord des Vosges. Essai paléoécologique sur le Buntsandstein supérieur. (Fauna and landscape of the Northern Vosges in Voltzia sandstone times. A paleoecological model of the Upper Buntsandstein.) By J. C. Gall     

BOOK REVIEWS

Modern and Ancient Geosynclinal Sedimentation. Edited by R. H. Dott, Jr and Robert H. Shaver.
Evolving Concepts in Sedimentology. Edited by R. N. Ginsburg.
The Mediterranean Sea: A natural sedimentation laboratory. Edited by D. J. Stanley Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Stroudsburg.
Die Bildung von Sedimenten und Sedimentgesteinen (Principles of sediment- and sedimentary rock-forming processes). By W. von Engelhardt.     

Reviews

INTRODUCTION TO METAMORPHIC TEXTURES AND MICROSTRUCTURES . By A. J. Barker. Blackie, Glasgow, 1989.
ECLOGITE FACIES ROCKS . Edited by D. A. Carswell. Blackie, Glasgow, 1990.
EVOLUTION OF METAMORPHIC BELTS . Edited by J. S. Daly, R. A. Cliff & B. W. D. Yardley.
AN INTRODUCTION TO METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY . By B. W. D. Yardley.     

Book Review

Principles of Lithogenesis, 2. , N. M. STRAKHOV (English translation by J. PAUL FITZSIMMONS, edited by S. I. TOMKIEFF and J. S. HEMINGWAY).
The New Concepts of Continental Margin Sedimentation-A.G.I. Short Course Lecture Notes, Philadelphia, 7–9 November, 1969. D. J. STANLEY (Convener); J. R. CURRAY, G. V. MIDDLETON, D. J. STANLEY, and D. J. P. SWIFT (Lecturers).
Manual of Sedimentary Structures. C. E. B. CONYBEARE and K. A. W. CROOK.
Methods for the Study of Sedimentary Structures. ARNOLD H. BOUMA.     

龙木错-双湖-吉塘板块缝合带与青藏高原冈瓦纳北界

青藏高原上冈瓦纳北界的讨论由来已久,随着基础地质研究程度的提高,羌塘地区成为解决冈瓦纳北界问题的关键地区。根据对缝合带的研究,青藏高原发育三条大规模的印支期缝合带,并将青藏高原分为三大板块:昆仑—秦岭缝合带以北为塔里木—华北板块,昆仑—秦岭缝合带与龙木错—双湖—吉塘缝合带之间为扬子板块,龙木错—双湖—吉塘缝合带以南为冈瓦纳板块。西金乌兰—金沙江缝合带是发育在扬子板块内部的印支期缝合带,班公湖—怒江和印度河—雅鲁藏布江缝合带是发育在冈瓦纳大陆框架下新特提斯阶段的缝合带,构不成冈瓦纳北界。文中简要介绍龙木错—双湖—吉塘缝合带的基本事实,着重阐述该缝合带对冈瓦纳板块和扬子板块的基底、沉积盖层与生物地理、沉积建造和构造运动等方面的制约。在青藏高原印支期主要板块缝合带的对比研究基础上,笔者认为龙木错—双湖—吉塘缝合带作为青藏高原上冈瓦纳大陆的北界是符合客观实际的。     

Book Reviews

Books review in this article:
Framework, Facies and Oil-Trapping Characteristics of the Upper Continental Margin, Ed. by A. H. Bouma, G. T. Moore and J. M. Coleman
Geological and Geophysical Investigations of Con- tinental Margins (AAPG Memoir 29), Ed. Joel s. Watkins, Lucien Montadert, and Patricia W. Dickerson.
Geochemistry, by A. H. Brownlow.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book Reviewed in this article:
Lunar Stratigraphy and Sedimentology . J. F. Lindsay
The Study of Trace Fossils . Edited by R. W. Frey.     

班公湖--怒江缝合带作为冈瓦纳大陆北界的地质地球物理证据

迄今对冈瓦纳大陆北界的位置还存在激烈争论。随着青藏高原空白区基础地质调查以及各项地质地球物理研究工作的深入开展 ,已经积累了大量新的地质和地球物理资料 ,为重新认识冈瓦纳大陆北界和评价班公湖—怒江缝合带在青藏高原地质研究中的地位和作用带来了新的机遇。在回顾早期有关冈瓦纳大陆北界不同观点的基础上 ,从近年来在青藏高原地质调查研究中所取得的大量新的地质和地球物理资料出发 ,重点介绍了班公湖—怒江缝合带南北两侧地质与地球物理特征差异 ,认为班公湖—怒江缝合带是冈瓦纳大陆的北界。     

Palaeomagnetic comparison of a new fit of East and West Gondwanaland with the Smith and Hallam fit

Palaeomagnetic data for five time intervals in the Phanerozoic are compared for a new fit of East (Antarctica, Australia, India) and West (Africa, Madagascar, South America) Gondwanaland and the hitherto durable fit of Smith and Hallam. The dispersion of the Palaeomagnetic poles is marginally less on the Smith and Hallam fit for four time intervals and marginally greater for the remaining one (Permo-Triassic). The Permo-Triassic poles of East Gondwanaland are evenly distributed between India and Australia and the decreased dispersion of the poles for this period on the new fit of East and West Gondwanaland is paralleled by the decreased dispersion of the poles for both India and Australia. Within the limitations of the analysis imposed by the data, the palaeomagnetic comparison shows that there is little to choose between the two fits.     

Reviews

High Temperature Metamorphism and Crustal Anatexis. Edited by J. R. Ashworth & M. Brown. The Mineralogical Society Series
The Al₂SiO₅ Polymorphs . By Derrill M. Kerrick. Reviews in Mineralogy     

Book Reviews

Book Review in this Article:
Fundamental Aspects of Petroleum Geochemistry. B. N agy and U. C olombo (Editors).
Processes of Coastal Development. Z enkovich , V. P., Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London, 1967, Edited by J. A. S teers , translated by D. G. F ry     

Indo-Antarctica, Gondwanaland, and the distortion of a granulite belt

A detailed examination of a Gondwanaland re-assembly of Peninsular India and part of East Antarctica permits several conclusions to be drawn largely from data from the Indian coastal belt, which includes Ceylon. These are that original major granulite metamorphism probably occurred at about 2000 m.y., and that the sinuosity of the granulite belt, now split into two coastal belts, is a later distortion, outlined by anorthosite occurrences in India, which probably occurred between 720 and 450 m.y. Brief mention is made of the continuation of this belt into Madagascar, and of the problem of what lay between Western Australia and India in Gondwanaland.     

On the Late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian Transition Events in Parts of East Gondwanaland

The East Gondwanaland evolved as a result of break up of the Rodinia supercontinent. The late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian geochemical events documented in the rocks of the East Gondwanaland, and Siberia suggest variations in the C, S, and Sr isotopic compositions of the contemporary seawater, and systematic distribution of phosphorite, and evaporite deposits. The geochemical records in the Peninsular India, Himalaya, South China, Iran, and Oman regions have been discussed, and used for establishing late Neoproterozoic links of these widely separated sedimentary basins.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this articles:
Loess in China , by Tungsheng Liu
The Namib Sand Sea: Dune Forms, Processes and Sediments , by N. Lancaster, A. A. Balkema
Arid Zone Geomorphology , ed. by D. S. G. Thomas
Hydrogeology , ed. by W. Back, J. S. Rosenshein, and P. R. Seaber
Stratigraphy, Composition and Environment of Deposition of the Whangai Formation and Associated Late Cretaceous-Paleocene Rocks, Eastern North Island, New Zealand , by P. R. Moore
Systematics and Taxonomic Approaches in Palaeobotany , by R. A. Spicer and B. A. Thomas
Ostracoda in the Earth Sciences , ed. by P. De Decker, J. P. Colin, and J. P. Peypouquet
Chinese Sedimentary Basins , ed. by X. Zhu
Triassic-Jurassic Rifting: Continental Breakup and the Origin of the Atlantic Ocean and Passive Margins , ed. by W. Manspeizer
Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development , ed. by P. D. Crevello, J. L. Wilson, J. F. Sarg, and J. F. Read
Burial Diagenesis , ed. by I. E. Hutcheon
Evolution of the mid-Cretaceous Triad Platform Carbonates, Phosphatic Sediments, Pelagic Carbonates along the Northern Tethys Margin , by K. B. Follmi
Perspectives on Biogeochemistry , by E. T. Degens
Physical Principles of Sedimentology: A Readable Textbook for Beginners and Experts , by K. J. Hsü     

东非大陆边缘地质特征及油气勘探前景

非洲大陆油气资源潜力已越来越引起人们的广泛关注.与盛产油气的西非大陆边缘相比,东非大陆边缘至今还没有显著的原油发现.通过对东非大陆边缘构造演化特征、边缘构造性质及边缘形态等地质条件的分析,以及从油气成藏(烃源岩、储集层以及成熟度等方面)有利与不利因素的角度对其油气勘探前景进行的分析,认为东非大陆边缘具备油气成藏的基本地质条件.其中烃源岩分布,古近系构造抬升、剥蚀破坏作用,构造圈闭,特别是沿岸边缘海上区,以及三角洲地区的勘探工作应是今后研究工作的重点.     

Crustal structure and rift tectonics across the Cauvery–Palar basin,Eastern Continental Margin of India based on seismic and potential field modelling

The Cauvery–Palar basin is a major peri-cratonic rift basin located along the Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) that had formed during the rift-drift events associated with the breakup of eastern Gondwanaland (mainly India–Sri Lanka–East Antarctica). In the present study, we carry out an integrated analysis of the potential field data across the basin to understand the crustal structure and the associated rift tectonics. The composite-magnetic anomaly map of the basin clearly shows the onshore-to-offshore structural continuity, and presence of several high-low trends related to either intrusive rocks or the faults. The Curie depth estimated from the spectral analysis of offshore magnetic anomaly data gave rise to 23 km in the offshore Cauvery–Palar basin. The 2D gravity and magnetic crustal models indicate several crustal blocks separated by major structures or faults, and the rift-related volcanic intrusive rocks that characterize the basin. The crustal models further reveal that the crust below southeast Indian shield margin is ～36 km thick and thins down to as much as 13–16 km in the Ocean Continent Transition (OCT) region and increases to around 19–21 km towards deep oceanic areas of the basin. The faulted Moho geometry with maximum stretching in the Cauvery basin indicates shearing or low angle rifting at the time of breakup between India–Sri Lanka and the East Antarctica. However, the additional stretching observed in the Cauvery basin region could be ascribed to the subsequent rifting of Sri Lanka from India. The abnormal thinning of crust at the OCT is interpreted as the probable zone of emplaced Proto-Oceanic Crust (POC) rocks during the breakup. The derived crustal structure along with other geophysical data further reiterates sheared nature of the southern part of the ECMI.     

Book reviews

Book reviews in this article:
Memoirs of an Unrepentant Field Geologist , by F.J. Pettijohn.
Ichnology: the Use of Trace Fossils in Sedimentology and Stratigraphy , by A. A. Ekdale, R. G. Bromley and S. G. Pemberton.
Platform Margin and Deep Water Carbonates , by H. E. Cook, A. C. Hine and H. T. Mullins.
Tills and Related Deposits: Genesis/Petrology/Application/Stratigraphy , ed. by E.B.Evenson.
Atlas of Sedimentary Rocks under the Microscope , by A. E. Adams, W. S. Mackenzie and C. Guilford.
Geomagnetism of Baked Clays and Recent Sediments , by K. M. Creer, P. Tucholka and C. E. Barton     

India and Southeast Asia in Gondwanaland fit

The fit and configuration of India and Southeast Asia vis-à-vis Australia—Antarctica are critically analysed together with the evolutionary history of the Himalaya. Peninsular India, Himalaya, Tibet and Southeast Asia appear to be tied up with the development of Paleozoic-Mesozoic peripheral “Gondwanide” and Mesozoic-Cenozoic Alpine-Himalayan-Indonesian orogenic belts. Southeast Asia and Tibet are usually included within Cathaysia-Laurasia. The extent of the Tethys, separating Gondwanaland from the latter, thus appears to be much narrower than commonly believed. An alternative Gondwanaland reconstruction is proposed, placing India amidst a proto-Indian Ocean adjacent to Africa, but separated from Antarctica-Australia.