Application of ICP-AES with microwave digestion to detect trace elements in oysters from Jiaozhou Bay, China

Using ICP-AES with microwave digestion, we determined the concentrations of 16 trace elements in oysters from six sampling points in Jiaozhou Bay.The distributions of the wholesome elements Zn, Fe and Mn, and heavy metals such as As,Cd,Hg and Pb were studied.The oysters collected are all rich in the wholesome trace elements,and the oysters from Licun River have the highest concentrations of the three wholesome trace elements.The concentrations of heavy metals in oysters from Licun River are the highest and those from Hongdao are the lowest. Compared with the domestic and foreign sea-areas,the heavy metal contents in the oysters from Jiaozhou Bay are less in amount than those from some developed countries, and more than those in Southeast China.This implies that the Jiaozhou Bay’s oysters have been polluted by the environment to some extent.     

Construction of inorganic elemental fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis of marine traditional Chinese medicine Meretricis concha from Rushan Bay

Meretricis concha is a kind of marine traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been commonly used for the treatment of asthma and scald burns. In order to investigate the relationship between the inorganic elemental fingerprint and the geographical origin identification of Meretricis concha, the elemental contents of M. concha from five sampling points in Rushan Bay have been determined by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Based on the contents of 14 inorganic elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn), the inorganic elemental fingerprint which well reflects the elemental characteristics was constructed. All the data from the five sampling points were discriminated with accuracy through hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA), indicating that a four-factor model which could explain approximately 80% of the detection data was established, and the elements Al, As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb could be viewed as the characteristic elements. This investigation suggests that the inorganic elemental fingerprint combined with multivariate statistical analysis is a promising method for verifying the geographical origin of M. concha, and this strategy should be valuable for the authenticity discrimination of some marine TCM.     

What Depth Should Deep-Sea Water be Pumped up from in the South China Sea for Medicinal Research?

In this study, seawater was pumped up from 150, 200, 300, 500 and 1000 m in the South China Sea and analyzed to make certain what depth should deep-sea water (DSW) be pumped up for medicinal usage. The pumping depth of DSW was determined on the basis of chemical ingredients. The analyses of inorganic elements and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) respectively. The raw data were used for hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that seawater pumped up from 500 m and 1000 m was similar in their chemical ingredients, and was different from the seawater pumped up from other depths. These results indicated that seawater from more than 500 m depth had relatively stable chemical ingredients and could be used as DSW in the South China Sea.     

青海省石灰沟地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿预测

通过在青海省都兰县石灰沟地区开展的1:50 000水系沉积物测量工作，运用元素的变化系数、元素富集离散特征、叠加系数对石灰沟地区水系沉积物测量的10种微量元素进行地球化学统计分析，论述了10种微量元素的成矿潜力，得出Au、Cu、Pb、Zn这4种微量元素具有较大的成矿潜力，并通过相关分析、因子分析确立了测区内元素组合特征，共划分了3组成矿元素组合（Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn，Au-As-Sb，W-Bi-Hg）。通过衬值异常法圈定组合异常显示:研究区组合异常明显，异常套合较好。最后，根据组合衬值异常套合结果，在研究区优选了3处金铜铅锌多金属找矿靶区（A，B，C）。      

Spatiotemporal Variation of Riverine Nutrients in a Typical Hilly Watershed in Southeast China Using Multivariate Statistics Tools

The water quality of lakes can be degraded by excessive riverine nutrients.Riverine water quality generally varies depending on region and season because of the spatiotemporal variations in natural factors and anthropogenic activities.Monthly water quality measurements of eight water quality variables were analyzed for two years at 16 sites of the Tianmuhu watershed.The variables were examined using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) and factor analysis/principal component analysis(FA/PCA) to reveal the spatiotemporal variations in riverine nutrients and to identify their potential sources.HCA revealed three geographical groups and three periods.Two drainages comprising towns and large villages were the most polluted, six drainages comprising widely distributed tea plantations and orchards were moderately polluted, and eight drainages without the factors were the least polluted.The river was most polluted in June when the first heavy rain(daily rainfall 50 mm) occurs after fertilization and the number of rainy days is most(monthly number of rainy days 20 days).Moderate pollution was observed from October to May, during which morethan 60% of the total nitrogen fertilizer and all of the phosphorus fertilizer are applied to the cropland, the total manure is applied to tea plantations and orchards, and a monthly rainfall ranging from 0 mm to 164 mm occurs.The remaining months were characterized by frequent raining(i.e., number of rainy days per month ranged from 5 to 24) and little use of fertilizers, and were thus least polluted.FA/PCA identified that the greatest pollution sources were the runoff from tea plantations and orchards,domestic pollution and the surface runoff from towns and villages, and rural sewage, which had extremely high contributions of riverine nitrogen, phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand, respectively.The tea plantations and orchards promoted by the agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) were not environmentally friendly.Riverine nitrogen is a major water pollution parameter in hilly watersheds affected by ACD, and this parameter would not be reduced unless its loss load through the runoff from tea plantations and orchards is effectively controlled.     

贝壳珍珠层元素的X射线荧光光谱分析

本文采用X线荧光光谱法,对25种淡海水产贝壳的珍珠层进行了多种元素的检测,比较它们之间的差异。     

岩浆混合花岗岩微量元素成因图解尝试--以西秦岭温泉岩体为例

岩浆混合花岗岩主要是指壳源酸性岩浆与幔源基性岩浆,经岩浆混合作用形成的复杂混合花岗岩类。两类岩浆混合及成岩过程中,有显著的元素迁移、成分交换和双扩散。被誉为地球化学指示剂、示踪剂的微量元素,是岩浆混合、成岩作用及岩浆演化这一过程的最好记录,因而其参数和有关图解可提供岩浆混合的成因判别信息。以西秦岭温泉岩浆混合花岗岩为例,介绍了微量元素岩浆混合成因的地球化学证据,讨论了成岩过程中微量元素的双扩散特征,得出了Sr-微量元素组合图解方法,极容易对岩浆混合花岗岩的成因进行区分和识别,这一方法为岩浆混合花岗岩的直观判别、图解化分类以及深入研究提供了重要的地球化学信息和新途径。     

磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS原位微量元素分析方法研究

激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)技术在矿物微量元素分析方面具有原位、高分辨率和高灵敏度等优势，近年来磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS原位微量元素研究进展迅速，并在地质领域得到了广泛应用。利用长安大学成矿作用及其动力学实验室Agilent 7700X四极杆等离子体质谱和Photo Machines Analyte Excite 193 nm激光，建立了LA-ICP-MS测定磁铁矿原位微量元素组成的分析方法。以美国地质调查局(USGS)玻璃标样BIR-1G、BHVO-2G、BCR-2G和GSE-1G为校正标准，采用无内标-多外标法对磁铁矿中微量元素进行了定量计算，并测定了NIST612和自然岩浆磁铁矿BC28的微量元素组成，以评估本实验室建立方法的可靠性。结果表明，NIST612所有微量元素的相对标准偏差(RSD, N=30)变化于1.31%~6.33%之间，多数元素的测定结果与推荐值及前人LA-ICP-MS方法测定值的相对误差小于10%；BC28大部分微量元素的相对标准偏差(RSD, N=30)小于10%，其中11个重要微量元素与前人LA-ICP-MS测定值的相对误差基本小于10%。以上结果表明本实验室建立的方法可以实现对磁铁矿原位微区微量元素的分析测定，分析数据结果准确可靠，具有良好的应用前景。      

6个不同鲤群体的形态差异分析

对黄河鲤、荷包红鲤、高背荷包红鲤、兴国红鲤、建鲤和黑龙江野鲤等6个鲤群体的12个形态比例性状进行单因素方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。单因素方差分析结果表明,除眼后头长/头长外,各鲤群体间在其他比例性状上出现较明显的差异。主成分分析构建了3个主成分,其贡献率分别为35.316%、23.221%、10.146%,累计贡献率为68.683%,并明显可将6个鲤群体划分为2个簇,荷包红鲤和高背荷包红鲤明显与其他群体区分开。聚类分析结果与主成分分析一致。在体高/体长、头长/体长、体厚/体长和尾柄高/尾柄长等4个比例性状上,有些群体的差异系数大于1.28,说明这些群体在这4个指标上的差异可达到亚种水平。结果表明,6个鲤群体在形态上存在一定差异和分化,主要体现在体型和头部特征上。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定小麦中的微量元素

小麦是中国北方人的主要粮食作物,小麦中含有大量的对人体有益的微量元素,查明这些微量元素的含量对于人体健康具有非常重要的意义。电感耦合等离子体(ICP)测试微量元素具有灵敏度高的特点。该文利用ICP的特点,将小麦硝化分解后,测试小麦中的微量元素,使用美国生产Optima 2100 DV型电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪,对小麦中人体有益的微量元素硼、铁、钙、镁及重金属污染指标铜、铅、锌进行测试,该方法具有样品的加标回收率和RSD较好,分析速度快、分析结果准确可靠的特点。     

青城子铅锌矿田闪锌矿特征及意义

通过对青城子铅锌－多金属矿田闪锌矿的分布、组构、化学成分、微量元素、晶体结构、硫同位素和稀土等的研究和对比，从成因矿物学角度探讨闪锌矿的物质来源和成因，从而确定该矿床的成因类型，为进一步找矿提供依据。     

ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL GEOCHEMISTRY OFCHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN Betula ermanii FORESTIN CHANGBAI MOUNTAINS,CHINA

匠he 乙hangbal Mountains Nature Reserve Is a al，1982ZHUANGetal，1989；HUANGetal，1982；state－grade nature rese。e，also Is a component part of LIU，1993；LIU，1988； ZHU et al，1991）．Most ofreserve net of International blosphere．its area Is large，their research works focus on the chemical structure andthe natural environment and ecosystem lsprotected material cycling In alpine tundra zone andcompletely．the natural elements and ecological envl－broadleatKorean pine fores…     

P507负载泡塑分离ICPMs测定地质样品中的痕量银

结合前人研究工作,利用P507可有效分离银ICPMS测定的Zr,Nb等干扰元素,对P507负载泡塑分离ICPMs测定地质样品中的痕量银进一步验证讨论,以便该方法在行业内领域得以广泛应用,促进行业内地质样品中Ag及微量元素测试的效率与测试技术的提高,实现地质样品中痕量银及微量元素ICPMS同步快速准确分析。     

沂沭断裂带中段牛家小河金矿主微量元素特征与地质意义

牛家小河金矿是沂沭断裂带内破碎蚀变岩型金矿的典型代表。通过对牛家小河金矿中矿石、围岩的岩石学特征及其主、微量元素地球化学特征研究发现,矿石NJXH-1富集Fe,Co,Ni等成矿温度较高的成矿元素,矿石NJXH-2相对富集低温成矿元素;沂水岩群成矿元素具有较高的变异系数且分布极不均匀,表明沂水岩群可能是牛家小河金矿的主要矿源层;矿石REE配分曲线均为轻稀土富集型,矿石NJXH-2与沂水岩群的稀土元素分布特征相似,矿石NJXH-2与沂水岩群具有同源性;矿石的Y/Ho特征显示成矿流体可能来自变质热液。综合分析认为,牛家小河金矿可能经历了两期成矿作用,且成矿温度存在一定差异;成矿物质可能来源于沂水岩群和燕山期花岗岩。成矿流体显示弱还原性,变质热液也可能参与成矿作用。     

Heavy metal content in coral reef sediments from Red Sea of Yemen and its significance on marine environment

In order to determine and assess the concentrations of trace elements in coral reefs sediments from Red Sea of Yemen, sediment samples were collected, treated and analyzed for cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, iead, iron, zinc and vanadium by the atomic absorption spectrometric analysis. The result is that cadmium, cobalt and lead concentrations were high and other elements are low or the same as natural background. It is concluded that the high cadmium, cobalt and lead levels in coral reefs sediments will have negative effects on marine life of the sites, so further researches are needed to characterize the sources fate, biogeochemical processes and impacts of these trace elements on coral reefs and marine of the region.     

CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOILS OF THE DAM RIVER AND TUOTUO RIVER BASINS

ＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＡＮＤＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＲＡＣＥＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＳＩＮＳＯＩＬＳＯＦＴＨＥＤＡＭＲＩＶＥＲＡＮＤＴＵＯＴＵＯＲＩＶＥＲＢＡＳＩＮＳ￥ＳｈａｏＱｉｎｇｃｈｕｎ（邵庆春）ＤｅｎｇＷｅｉ（邓伟）ＳｕｎＧｕａｎｇｙｏｕ（孙广友）（Ｃｈ...     

山东巨野煤田早二叠世沉积环境及演化分析

通过对山东巨野煤田煤系地层之岩性、沉积构造、古生物特征、测井曲线、微量元素及粒度概率曲线等资料的综合分析,认为该煤田早二叠世时处于以河控作用为主,兼受潮汐作用影响的浅水三角洲环境。沉积环境经历了水下三角洲平原、边缘三角洲潮汐平原、边缘三角洲沼泽平原、下三角洲平原、上三角洲平原五个沉积阶段,总体构成了一个进积序列,反映了由浅海相→过渡相→陆相的沉积演化过程。     

滇西哀牢山构造岩浆岩带阿扎鲁花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及构造背景浅析

阿扎鲁岩体分布于哀牢山构造岩浆岩带中,通过野外地质调查与岩体剖面测量、岩石样品采集分析、薄片显微镜下鉴定等手段与方法,对其野外地质特征、岩石学特征及岩石地球化学特征进行了系统研究,并探讨了其形成的构造环境。研究结果表明,阿扎鲁岩体的岩性为花岗岩,岩体分布明显受断裂控制;岩石局部可见后期变质的片岩及糜棱岩,岩石具浅层侵入的特点;阿扎鲁花岗岩的A/NCK多大于1.0,为铝饱和型;具有富硅钾、低钙、贫铁、镁、钛的特点,岩石为高钾钙碱性系列。其主量元素、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征均表明,该岩体形成于造山期碰撞后期的弧陆碰撞阶段。      

云南文山小平坝矿区花岗岩地球化学特征及成因探讨

小平坝接触交代矽卡岩型白钨矿床位于滇东南薄竹山岩体东缘,矿体主要产于第一期中粒黑云母二长花岗岩与寒武系碳酸盐岩接触部位,对区内花岗岩的主量、微量、稀土元素分析结果显示:其w(SiO₂)变化于67.69%~76.98%之间,平均为70.96%,w(K₂O+Na₂O)较高,平均为8.06%,K₂O/Na₂O、A/CNK、里特曼指数σ平均值分别为2.04,1.03,2.36,具铝过饱和、高钾钙碱性特征;富集Rb、Pb、Th、U、La、Zr等大离子亲石元素,而亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、Ba、Ti等高场强元素和不相容元素;稀土元素总量较高,平均为288.01×10-6,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,LREE富集,δEu为0.36~0.69,平均为0.57,具中等负异常;CaO/Na₂O-Al₂O₃/TiO₂图解、Rb/Ba-Rb/Sr图解暗示其源岩为砂泥质沉积岩;综合分析认为其为地壳重熔S型花岗岩,且经历了高度分异演化,形成于同碰撞构造环境。