共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 13 毫秒
1.
R. K. Prasad N. C. Mondal Pallavi Banerjee M. V. Nandakumar V. S. Singh 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(3):467-475
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science,
which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. It allows manipulation and analysis of individual
layer of spatial data. It is used for analysing and modelling the interrelationship between the layers. This paper mainly
deals with the integrated approach of Remote Sensing and geographical information system (GIS) to delineate groundwater potential
zones in hard rock terrain. The remotely sensed data at the scale of 1:50,000 and topographical information from available
maps, have been used for the preparation of ground water prospective map by integrating geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage-density
and lineaments map of the study area. Further, the data on yield of aquifer, as observed from existing bore wells in the area,
has been used to validate the groundwater potential map. The final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the
study area and can be helpful in better planning and management of groundwater resources especially in hard rock terrains. 相似文献
2.
The remotely sensed data provides synoptic viewing and repetitive coverage for thematic mapping of natural resources. In the
present study hydrogeomorphological mapping has been carried out in Kakund watershed, Eastern Rajasthan for delineating groundwater
potential zones. IRS-1D LISS III Geocoded FCC data in conjunction with Survey of India toposheet (1:50000 scale) and field
inputs were used for thematic mapping. Geomorphic units identified through visual interpretation of FCC include: alluvial
plain, plateau, valley fills, intermontane valleys, burried pediment, residual hills, and linear ridges. In addition, lineaments
were mapped since they act as conduit for groundwater recharge. Majority of the lineaments trends NE-SW and a few along NW-SE
directions and are confined to the southern and southeastern parts of the watershed. Based on hydrogeomorphological, geological
and lineament mapping the Kakund watershed has qualitatively been categorized into four groundwater potential zones, viz.
good to very good, moderate to good, poor to moderate and very poor to poor. The study reveals that only 10.97% of the area
has good to very good, 35.41% area with moderate to good, 49.04 % of the area has poor to moderatel, while remaining 4.57%
has poor to very poor groundwater potential. 相似文献
3.
Delineation of groundwater potential zones in Wadi Saida Watershed of NW-Algeria using remote sensing,geographic information system-based AHP techniques and geostatistical analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Sustainable management of groundwater resources has now become an obligation,especially in arid and semi-arid regions given the socio-economic importance of this resource.The optimization in zoning for groundwater exploitation helps in planning and managing groundwater supply works such as boreholes and wells in the catchment.The objective of this study is to use remote sensing and GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)techniques to evaluate the groundwater potential of Wadi Saida Watershed.Spatial analysis such as geostatistics was also used to validate results and ensure more accuracy.Through the GIS tools and remote sensing technique,earth observation data were converted into thematic layers such as lineament density,geology,drainage density,slope,land use and rainfall,which were combined to delineate groundwater potential zones.Based on their respective impact on groundwater potential,the AHP approach was adopted to assign weights on multi-influencing factors.These results will enable decision-makers to optimize hydrogeological exploration in large-scale catchment areas and map areas.According to the results,the southern part of the Wadi Saida Watershed is characterized as a higher groundwater potential area,where 32%of the total surface area falls in the excellent and good class of groundwater potential.The validation process revealed a 71%agreement between the estimated and actual yield of the existing boreholes in the study area. 相似文献
4.
Kyle C. Fredrick Matthew W. Becker L. Shawn Matott Ashish Daw Karl Bandilla Douglas M. Flewelling 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(1):171-181
Remotely-sensed elevation data are potentially useful for constructing regional scale groundwater models, particularly in regions where ground-based data are poor or sparse. Surface-water elevations measured by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) were used to develop a regional-groundwater flow model by assuming that frozen surface waters reflect local hydraulic head (or groundwater potential). Drainage lakes (fed primarily by surface water) are designated as boundary conditions and seepage lakes and isolated wetlands (fed primarily by groundwater) are used as observation points to calibrate a numerical flow model of the 900 km2 study area in the Northern Highland Lakes Region of Wisconsin, USA. Elevation data were utilized in a geographic information system (GIS) based groundwater-modeling package that employs the analytic element method (AEM). Calibration statistics indicate that lakes and wetlands had similar influence on the parameter estimation, suggesting that wetlands might be used as observations where open water elevations are unreliable or not available. Open water elevations are often difficult to resolve in radar interferometry because unfrozen water does not return off-nadir radar signals. 相似文献
5.
Use of remote sensing and GIS to determine recharge potential zones: the case of Occidental Lebanon 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Water recharge from land surfaces into subsurface media is an essential element in the hydrologic cycle. For a small-scale assessment, experimental approaches are usually followed, however, on a regional scale, this assessment needs to be made into a comprehensive picture where spatial data of the different contributing factors are treated. The case of Occidental Lebanon, with an area of around 5,000 km2, was studied by the integration of all factors influencing this hydrologic process. Contributing factors are: lineaments and drainage frequency density, lithologic character, karstic domains and land cover/land use. The determination of these factors was carried out mainly by the application of remote sensing. Satellite images (Landsat 7 ETM &; SPOT) and aerial photos were subjected to several treatment processes using a miscellany of software, mainly ERDAS Imagine and ESRI’s Arc View software. Furthermore, exogenetic data, such as topographic and geologic maps, were utilized. The extracted information for these factors was plotted on maps. The integration of the maps in a GIS allowed deciding their interactive effects. However, each factor had its own degree of effect, i.e., weight, which was also determined in this study. This study is an approach to better estimate and provide qualitative assessments of recharge potential (RP). The resultant map shows the highest recharge potentials towards the elevated regions where karstification is well development. It was found that around 57% of the study area is terrain with very high to high recharge rate values, which a considerable amount of precipitated water is allowed to percolate into subsurface rocks. 相似文献
6.
Identification of water potential areas in arid regions is a crucial element for the enhancement of their water resources and socio-economic development. In fact, water resources system-planning can be used to make various decisions and implement management of water resources policies. The purpose of this study is to identify groundwater storage areas in the high Guir Basin by implementing Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing methods. The required data for this study can be summarized into five critical factors: Topography (slope), lithology, rainfall, rock fracture and drainage. These critical factors have been converted by the GIS into thematic maps. For each critical parameter, a coefficient with weight was attributed according to its importance. The map of potential groundwater storage areas is obtained by adding the products (coefficient × weight) of the five parameters. The results show that 50% to 64% of the total area of the High Guir Basin is potentially rich in groundwater, where most of fracture systems are intensely developed. The obtained results are validated with specific yield of the aquifer in the study area. It is noted that there is a strong positive correlation between excellent groundwater potential zones with high flows of water points and it diminishes with low specific yield with poor potential zones. 相似文献
7.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(5):1805-1819
In Punjab(Pakistan),the increasing population and expansion of land use for agriculture have severely exploited the regional groundwater resources.Intensive pumping has resulted in a rapid decline in the level of the water table as well as its quality.Better management practices and artificial recharge are needed for the development of sustainable groundwater resources.This study proposes a methodology to delineate favorable groundwater potential recharge zones(FPRI) by integrating maps of groundwater potential recharge index(PRI) with the DRASTIC-based groundwater vulnerability index(VI).In order to evaluate both indexes,different thematic layers corresponding to each index were overlaid in ArcGIS.In the overlay analysis,the weights(for various thematic layers) and rating values(for sub-classes) were allocated based on a review of published literature.Both were then normalized and modified using the analytical hierarchical process(AHP) and a frequency ratio model respectively.After evaluating PRI and FPRI,these maps were validated using the area under the curve(AUC) method.The PRI map indicates that 53% of the area assessed exists in very low to low recharge zones,22% in moderate,and 25% in high to excellent potential recharge zones.The VI map indicates that 38% of the area assessed exists in very low to low vulnerability,33% in moderate,and 29% in high to very high vulnerability zones.The FPRI map shows that the central region of Punjab is moderately-to-highly favorable for recharge due to its low vulnerability and high recharge potential.During the validation process,it was found that the AUC estimated with modified weights and rating values was 79% and 67%,for PRI and VI indexes,respectively.The AUC was less when evaluated using original weights and rating values taken from published literature.Maps of favorable groundwater potential recharge zones are helpful for planning and implementation of wells and hydraulic structures in this region. 相似文献
8.
This paper describes an application of the geographic information system (GIS) technology to a ground stability assessment
in the karst area of Dzerzhinsk, Russia. In the stability analysis, the groundwater level changes in the karst aquifer could
cause suffosion sinkholes when the gravitational force was greater than the soil strength. The GIS technology was used to
combine various data and to delineate the zones of potential gravitational collapse and suffosion collapse in the area.
相似文献
V. V. TolmachevEmail: |
9.
Arid and semi-arid regions are susceptible to high levels of erosion.A rapid and cost effective methodological erosion assessment for these regions is required to describe and monitor the processes that control erosion.This study uses remote sensing to describe the contribution of several factors that control erosion.Topography,land use,vegetation density,soil properties and climatic proxies are used to determine erosion risk and to provide basic maps of water and soil conservation practices. A hierarchi... 相似文献
10.
A GIS-based groundwater travel time model to evaluate stream nitrate concentration reductions from land use change 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Excessive nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) loss from agricultural watersheds is an environmental concern. A common conservation
practice to improve stream water quality is to retire vulnerable row croplands to grass. In this paper, a groundwater travel
time model based on a geographic information system (GIS) analysis of readily available soil and topographic variables was
used to evaluate the time needed to observe stream nitrate concentration reductions from conversion of row crop land to native
prairie in Walnut Creek watershed, Iowa. Average linear groundwater velocity in 5-m cells was estimated by overlaying GIS
layers of soil permeability, land slope (surrogates for hydraulic conductivity and gradient, respectively) and porosity. Cells
were summed backwards from the stream network to watershed divide to develop a travel time distribution map. Results suggested
that groundwater from half of the land planted in prairie has reached the stream network during the 10 years of ongoing water
quality monitoring. The mean travel time for the watershed was estimated to be 10.1 years, consistent with results from a
simple analytical model. The proportion of land in the watershed and subbasins with prairie groundwater reaching the stream
(10–22%) was similar to the measured reduction of stream nitrate (11–36%). Results provide encouragement that additional nitrate
reductions in Walnut Creek are probable in the future as reduced nitrate groundwater from distal locations discharges to the
stream network in the coming years. The high spatial resolution of the model (5-m cells) and its simplicity may make it potentially
applicable for land managers interested in communicating lag time issues to the public, particularly related to nitrate concentration
reductions over time. 相似文献
11.
Remote sensing and GIS for mapping groundwater recharge and discharge areas in salinity prone catchments,southeastern Australia 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
Sarah O. Tweed Marc Leblanc John A. Webb Maciek W. Lubczynski 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(1):75-96
Identifying groundwater recharge and discharge areas across catchments is critical for implementing effective strategies for
salinity mitigation, surface-water and groundwater resource management, and ecosystem protection. In this study, a synergistic
approach has been developed, which applies a combination of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques
to map groundwater recharge and discharge areas. This approach is applied to an unconfined basalt aquifer, in a salinity and
drought prone region of southeastern Australia. The basalt aquifer covers ~11,500 km2 in an agriculturally intensive region. A review of local hydrogeological processes allowed a series of surface and subsurface
indicators of groundwater recharge and discharge areas to be established. Various remote sensing and GIS techniques were then
used to map these surface indicators including: terrain analysis, monitoring of vegetation activity, and mapping of infiltration
capacity. All regions where groundwater is not discharging to the surface were considered potential recharge areas. This approach,
applied systematically across a catchment, provides a framework for mapping recharge and discharge areas. A key component
in assigning surface and subsurface indicators is the relevance to the dominant recharge and discharge processes occurring
and the use of appropriate remote sensing and GIS techniques with the capacity to identify these processes.
Résumé Sur un bassin versant, l’identification des zones d’alimentation et des aires d’émergence des eaux souterraines est capitale pour mettre en œuvre des stratégies de réduction de la salinité, de gestion des eaux souterraines et superficielles, et de protection des écosystèmes. Une approche synergique a été développée, sur la base de recherches existantes pour cartographier de manière systématique les zones de recharge et d'émergence. Elle combine des techniques de télédétection et de Systèmes d’Information Géographique, dans le but de cartographier les zones d’alimentation et d’émergence. Ces techniques ont été appliquées à un aquifère basaltique libre, dans un secteur sujet à la sécheresse et à la salinité du Sud-Est australien. L’aquifère considéré couvre environ 11,500 km2 d’une région essentiellement agricole. Un inventaire des processus hydrogéologiques locaux a conduit à l’établissement d’une série d’indicateurs superficiels et subsuperficiels des zones d’alimentation et d’émergence. Plusieurs méthodes de télédétection et de SIG furent alors utilisées pour cartographier ces indicateurs de surface, y compris les analyses de terrain, le suivi de l’activité de la végétation et la cartographie des capacités d’infiltration. Toutes les régions en dehors des zones d'émergence sont considérées commes des zones d'alimentation potentielles. Un des composants clés de l’attribution des indicateurs superficiels et subsuperficiels est la concordance avec les processus majeurs d’alimentation et de prélèvement entrant en jeu, et l’utilisation de méthodes de télédétection et SIG adaptées permettant d’identifier ces processus.
Resumen La identificación de áreas de descarga y recarga de agua subterránea es crítica para la implementación de estrategias efectivas relacionadas con mitigación de salinidad, gestión de recursos de agua subterránea y agua superficial, y protección de ecosistemas. En este estudio se ha desarrollado un enfoque sinérgico apoyándose en investigación existente el cual aplica una combinación de técnicas de sistemas de información geográfico (SIG) y sensores remotos para cartografiar áreas de recarga y descarga de agua subterránea. Este enfoque se aplica a un acuífero de basalto no confinado en una región del sureste de Australia propensa a sequía y salinidad. El acuífero de basalto cubre aproximadamente 11,500 km2 en una región con agricultura intensiva. Una revisión de los procesos hidrogeológicos locales permitió el establecimiento de una serie de indicadores superficiales y subterráneos de áreas de recarga y descarga de agua subterránea. Luego se utilizaron varias técnicas de SIG y sensores remotos para cartografiar estos indicadores superficiales incluyendo: análisis del terreno, monitoreo de la actividad de la vegetación, y cartografiado de la capacidad de infiltración. Todas las regiones donde el agua subterránea no descarga en la superficie fueron consideradas áreas potenciales de recarga. Este enfoque que se ha aplicado sistemáticamente a través de la cuenca aporta un marco para la cartografía de áreas de recarga y descarga. Un componente clave en la asignación de indicadores superficiales y subterráneos lo constituye la relevancia a los procesos dominantes de recarga y descarga que ocurren y el uso de técnicas apropiadas de SIG y sensores remotos con la capacidad para identificar esos procesos.相似文献
12.
The Chinese Loess Plateau is suffering from severe soil erosion. The eco-environmental changes of the plateau are believed
to have an important influence on global eco-environmental sustainability; hence, this problem has attracted considerable
attention from scientists around the world. This study has two purposes; application of remote sensing (RS) and geographic
information system (GIS) techniques in the dynamic analysis of eco-environmental changes in the semiarid zone; and using the
Longdong region of the Chinese Loess Plateau as an example, to make dynamic analysis of the eco-environmental changes of the
region during the 1986–2004 period and identify controlling factors. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data at a spatial resolution
of 30 m were used for analysis. Two training areas were selected in Jingning and Qingcheng counties for analysis using 10-m
resolution SPOT and Landsat TM data. The satellite RS images were obtained from the Institute of Remote Sensing Application
(IRSA), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Each images was rectified by Albers Equal Area Conic projection based on 1:50,000
scale topographic maps after spectrum preparation of the images. To make the precision within 1 or 2 pixels, the accurate
coordinative control points of the two systems were identified. Then the interpretation key was established based on the land
use/cover survey in the study area. The images were classified into six primary environmental types (farmland, forest, grassland,
water, construction area, and desert) and 25 sub-types using a visual image interactive interpretation method to obtain vector
and attribute data. The resultant accuracy of the land use/cover classification reached 95%. Finally, the transformation areas
and ratios of various eco-environmental types in the region were calculated to obtain the transition matrixes of eco-environmental
types in the two training areas, Jingning and Qingcheng. This study demonstrates that satellite RS and GIS techniques are
effective tools to monitor and analyze the eco-environmental changes in the semiarid region. Visual image interactive interpretation
based on GIS technique provides comprehensive information on the direction, rate, and location of eco-environmental changes.
The transition matrix model can be used to precisely analyze the variation and rates of the eco-environmental types and their
spatial distribution. Great land use changes have taken place Longdong during the 1986–2004 period. These eco-environmental
changes were driven by natural and human factors. Natural factors influencing the Longdong region of the Chinese Loess Plateau
mainly include temperature, water condition, terrain, soil, and erosion; while human activities include over-cultivation,
overgrazing, and fuelwood cutting. As viewed from the extent and severity of the influences, human activities play a very
important role in altering the eco-environment of the semiarid region. The study results indicate a need for future research
and observation in the semiarid region. 相似文献
13.
The natural (electrical) potential (NP) method – also known as self-potential, spontaneous potential and streaming potential
(SP) – has been used to locate areas of groundwater flow in karst terrane. NP is the naturally occurring voltage at the ground
surface resulting from ambient electrical currents within the earth. The measurement of NP can be used to characterize groundwater
flow in karst terrane because electrical potential gradients are generated by the horizontal flow of water along fractures
or conduits and the vertical infiltration of water into fractures or shafts. NP data from a site on the Mitchell Plain of
southern Indiana, USA, revealed that NP data can be decomposed into three components: topographic effect, residual NP and
noise. At this site, NP was inversely proportional to elevation, but the correlation varied with time. The topographic correction
factor varied from –2.5 to –1.2 mV/m (NP change per unit elevation increase), with an average linear correlation coefficient
(R) of 0.95. Because the site slopes toward an adjacent creek that is the local groundwater discharge zone, one possible explanation
for this effect is a streaming-potential mechanism generated by groundwater movement toward the creek. The residual NP data
revealed three negative anomalies at the survey area. Two of them coincide with sinkholes. A part of the third anomaly is
coincident with a small valley, and concentrated infiltration does occur at this elevation in other valleys at the site, as
evidenced by the existence of sinkholes. However, the dispersed, low-magnitude nature of the third anomaly does not prove
the existence of concentrated groundwater recharge activity.
Received: 18 March 1998 · Accepted: 27 April 1998 相似文献
14.
Remote sensing and GIS based determination of groundwater dependent ecosystems in the Western Cape, South Africa 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Finding the location of groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) is important in determining the extent of restrictions that
need to be placed upon the abstraction of groundwater. Remote sensing was combined with geographical information system (GIS)
modelling to produce a GDE probability rating map for the Sandveld region, South Africa. Landsat TM imagery identified the
areas indicating the probable presence of GDEs and GIS assisted in their delineation. Three GIS models were generated: a GIS
model predicting landscape wetness potential (LWP model) based on terrain morphological features; the LWP model was modified
to highlight groundwater generated landscape wetness potential (the resulting GglWP model); and a groundwater elevation model
was interpolated, combining groundwater level measurements in boreholes in the region with digital elevation model data. Biomass
indicators generated from Landsat were classified and combined with the GIS models, followed by field verification of riverine
and wetland GDEs. The LWP model provided the most accurate results of the three models tested for GDEs in this region.
相似文献
Zahn MünchEmail: |
15.
Delineation of groundwater protection zones by the backward particle tracking method: theoretical background and GIS-based stochastic analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Konstadinos N. Moutsopoulos Alexandra Gemitzi Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(5):1081-1090
The backward particle tracking method, an effective and powerful tool that can be used to delineate groundwater protection
zones, is presented. The theoretical background and insights on the applicability of this method are provided. Moreover, the
present work enriches the backward particle tracking method with an uncertainty analysis concerning the porosity values, applying
a Monte Carlo (MC) approach, coupled with the use of geographical information systems (GIS). As an application example, a
wellfield in the Komotini area, Greece, is investigated. The present study may serve as a potential guideline for wellfield
delineation, particularly in areas like Greece where lack of data related to the hydrogeological system is often a problem. 相似文献
16.
A detailed hydrogeological and hydrochemical study was carried out in Yamuna-Krishni sub-basin which is a part of the vast
central Ganga plain. Groundwater is the major source of water supply for agricultural, domestic and industrial uses. The excess
use of groundwater has resulted in depletion of water levels. The groundwater quality, too, has deteriorated in areas dominated
by industrial activity. This has led to the preparation of a groundwater vulnerability map in relation to contamination. Groundwater
vulnerability maps are valuable derivative maps that show, quantitatively or qualitatively, certain characteristics of the
sub-surface environment that determine vulnerability of groundwater to contamination. The modified DRASTIC method was used
to prepare vulnerability map. The parameters like depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, impact of vadose
zone, hydraulic conductivity and land use pattern, owing to its bearing on groundwater regime, were considered to prepare
vulnerability map. The vulnerability index is computed as the sum of the products of weight and rating assigned to each of
the input considered as above. The vulnerability index ranges from 140 to 180, and is classified into four classes i.e. 140–150,
150–160, 160–170 and 170–180 corresponding to low, medium, high and very high vulnerability zones respectively. Using this
index, a groundwater vulnerability potential map was generated which shows that 7%, 40% and 53% of the study area falls in
low, medium and high to very high vulnerability zones respectively. The map, thus generated, can be used as a tool for protection
and management of aquifers from contamination. 相似文献
17.
Predictive landslide susceptibility mapping using spatial information in the Pechabun area of Thailand 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hyun-Joo Oh Saro Lee Wisut Chotikasathien Chang Hwan Kim Ju Hyoung Kwon 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(3):641-651
For predictive landslide susceptibility mapping, this study applied and verified probability model, the frequency ratio and
statistical model, logistic regression at Pechabun, Thailand, using a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing.
Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field surveys, and maps
of the topography, geology and land cover were constructed to spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence,
such as slope gradient, slope aspect and curvature of topography and distance from drainage were calculated from the topographic
database. Lithology and distance from fault were extracted and calculated from the geology database. Land cover was classified
from Landsat TM satellite image. The frequency ratio and logistic regression coefficient were overlaid for landslide susceptibility
mapping as each factor’s ratings. Then the landslide susceptibility map was verified and compared using the existing landslide
location. As the verification results, the frequency ratio model showed 76.39% and logistic regression model showed 70.42%
in prediction accuracy. The method can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides and to plan land cover. 相似文献
18.
本文提出了一种基于GIS的补给潜力分析方法.在实例研究中,通过对地形、地表物质组成、包气带岩性、植被覆盖等因子建立的专题图层的叠加分析,确定了地下水的补给潜力分区,结合研究区含水层分布特征,综合确定了水源地的靶区和开采潜力区.研究表明,利用GIS确定研究区降雨入渗补给量是一种高效、直观、可行的方法. 相似文献
19.
Groundwater study using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in the central highlands of Eritrea 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Remote sensing, evaluation of digital elevation models (DEM), geographic information systems (GIS) and fieldwork techniques were combined to study the groundwater conditions in Eritrea. Remote sensing data were interpreted to produce lithological and lineament maps. DEM was used for lineament and geomorphologic mapping. Field studies permitted the study of structures and correlated them with lineament interpretations. Hydrogeological setting of springs and wells were investigated in the field, from well logs and pumping test data. All thematic layers were integrated and analysed in a GIS. Results show that groundwater occurrence is controlled by lithology, structures and landforms. Highest yields occur in basaltic rocks and are due to primary and secondary porosities. High yielding wells and springs are often related to large lineaments, lineament intersections and corresponding structural features. In metamorphic and igneous intrusive rocks with rugged landforms, groundwater occurs mainly in drainage channels with valley fill deposits. Zones of very good groundwater potential are characteristic for basaltic layers overlying lateritized crystalline rocks, flat topography with dense lineaments and structurally controlled drainage channels with valley fill deposits. The overall results demonstrate that the use of remote sensing and GIS provide potentially powerful tools to study groundwater resources and design a suitable exploration plan.The online version of the original article can be found at 相似文献
20.
Groundwater study using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in the central highlands of Eritrea 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Remote sensing, evaluation of digital elevation models (DEM), geographic information systems (GIS) and fieldwork techniques were combined to study the groundwater conditions in Eritrea. Remote sensing data were interpreted to produce lithological and lineament maps. DEM was used for lineament and geomorphologic mapping. Field studies permitted the study of structures and correlated them with lineament interpretations. Hydrogeological setting of springs and wells were investigated in the field, from well logs and pumping test data. All thematic layers were integrated and analysed in a GIS. Results show that groundwater occurrence is controlled by lithology, structures and landforms. Highest yields occur in basaltic rocks and are due to primary and secondary porosities. High yielding wells and springs are often related to large lineaments, lineament intersections and corresponding structural features. In metamorphic and igneous intrusive rocks with rugged landforms, groundwater occurs mainly in drainage channels with valley fill deposits. Zones of very good groundwater potential are characteristic for basaltic layers overlying lateritized crystalline rocks, flat topography with dense lineaments and structurally controlled drainage channels with valley fill deposits. The overall results demonstrate that the use of remote sensing and GIS provide potentially powerful tools to study groundwater resources and design a suitable exploration plan.An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献