共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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正按照装备振动台与否,土工离心机大致可分为静力试验离心机和动力试验离心机(也称离心机振动台)两大类,本文将后者简称为动力离心机。动力离心机(dynamic centrifuge)是目前国际公认研究岩土地震工程和土动力学最先进、最有效的科学试验平台,而我国仅拥有数台辅助建设的中小型动力离心机设备,且主要技术指标与国际存在很大差距。国内大型动力离心机则为空白,这与我国辽阔的地域、复杂的工程地质条件、高速发展的经济建设以及 相似文献
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砂土自由场地震响应的离心机试验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
离心机模型试验是研究岩土地震工程问题的有效手段。本文使用层状剪切箱,通过干落法制备了均匀的砂土模型,进行了离心机振动试验;观测了振动过程中孔隙水压力的发展,土体的加速度响应、侧向变形以及竖向沉降。结果表明,土体的运动和变形与孔隙水压力的发展密切相关,但离心机中的试验现象和现场观测的现象存在显著区别。研究结果增强了对振动过程中土-水之间相互作用机理的理解,同时为自由场地震响应分析方法的验证提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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为了验证非水反应聚氨酯高聚物(后文简称高聚物)外包盾构隧道具有减震性能,对高聚物外包盾构隧道模型和无外包隧道模型,采用离心机振动台进行对比试验。针对中密砂土围岩,在不同阵型特征的地震波输入下,对比有无高聚物外包隧道加速度、频谱、隧道动力响应和地表沉降,分析高聚物的减震性能。试验结果表明:在不同地震激励的工况下,对于有无高聚物外包的隧道模型,其加速度和频谱差别不大;二者隧道各点上的动应变平均相差31.32%;高聚物外包层隧道模型地表的最终沉降分别比无外包隧道模型和自由场地表沉降约小20%和50%。试验证明高聚物对盾构隧道有减震作用,此试验研究为高聚物在今后的工程应用提供参考依据。 相似文献
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NEES系统中振动离心机最新进展及国内振动离心机发展设想 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
美国地震工程网络模拟系统(NEES)代表了国际地震工程试验技术的最新发展趋势,其中振动离心机的建设占有重要地位,而国内振动离心机的现状与我国辽阔的地域、复杂的工程地质条件、高速发展的经济建设以及严峻的地震形势十分不相称。文中概述了我国振动离心机的现状和客观需求,对NEES系统中振动离心机的发展进行了跟踪研究,通过分析UCDavis和RPI两台振动离心机的发展历程和最新进展,阐述了我国振动离心机发展的必要性及重点。强调应加强离心机振动台技术的研发,根据国内当前土动力学和岩土地震工程科学研究的需要,提出了以振动负载为主要指标的思想,指出了发展重点应放在振动负载、频宽、多向、低频位移、辅助试验功能和网络化功能等方面,对一些重要指标提出了建议。 相似文献
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为开展秦岭翠华山等大型花岗岩地震山崩的动力响应机制研究,研发配制用于振动台物理模型试验的花岗岩相似材料是该研究工作的基础。选取铁矿粉、石英砂、重晶石粉为骨料,石膏为调节材料,松香酒精溶液为黏结剂的相似材料配比方案,设计考虑4因素5水平的正交试验,并对试验结果进行极差分析及多元线性回归拟合,获得各因素对花岗岩相似材料物理力学性质的影响结果和相似材料配比经验方程。结果表明:花岗岩相似材料的密度随铁粉与重晶石粉占骨料比的增加而增大;随着黏结剂浓度的增加,花岗岩相似材料的抗压强度、弹性模量及黏聚力均显著增大;随着石膏含量的增加,密度、抗压强度及内摩擦角均减小。该试验得到的相似材料配比经验方程可以较好地为花岗岩相似材料或其他相似材料的配制提供参考。 相似文献
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超高层巨型结构振动特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
巨型结构体系是适应超高层建筑发展趋势和特点的新型结构体系,目前国内外的理论研究成果还很少。随着工程应用的推广,进行巨型结构体系的研究,有其重要的理论价值和实际意义。结合101层上海环球金融中心大厦具体工程,进行了整体结构的振动台试验,并利用国际通用有限元软件ANSYS分析了超高层巨型结构体系的动力特性和影响因素,可供工程设计人员在结构选型和方案设计时参考。 相似文献
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《Advances in water resources》1999,23(3):199-216
This paper is concerned with the fast resolution of nonlinear and linear algebraic equations arising from a fully implicit finite volume discretization of two-phase flow in porous media. We employ a Newton-multigrid algorithm on unstructured meshes in two and three space dimensions. The discretized operator is used for the coarse grid systems in the multigrid method. Problems with discontinuous coefficients are avoided by using a newly truncated restriction operator and an outer Krylov-space method. We show an optimal order of convergence for a wide range of two-phase flow problems including heterogeneous media and vanishing capillary pressure in an experimental way. Furthermore, we present a data parallel implementation of the algorithm with speedup results. 相似文献
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Stavros A. Anagnostopoulos 《地震工程与结构动力学》1981,9(5):459-476
An evaluation is made of response spectrum techniques as applied to seismic analysis and design of steel template offshore platforms. Such structures are designed as braced space frames for several loading conditions, including the simultaneous action of three earthquake components. Base shears as well as gross forces and combined stresses in members of three different platforms are computed for 30 real, three-component earthquakes and response spectrum predictions, obtained by several modal-spatial combination methods, are compared to time history solutions. Results are presented in the form of error statistics. The three approximations examined are: (a) combination of modes for one component input, (b) combination of the three partial responses to obtain estimates of total response and (c) combination of gross forces to derive maximum design stresses at a section. Attention is focused on corner piles because these are among the most heavily penalized members by three-component excitations. It is shown that commonly used spatial combination rules may underestimate gross forces in design controlling corner members by 15–30 per cent on the average. This is attributed to correlations between motion components that create additive effects along certain directions. Typical estimates of combined stresses, however, are found to be slightly conservative. 相似文献
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Robert E. Dickinson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1963,56(1):174-184
Summary A scale analysis is made of large scale eddying motions superimposed upon the state of mean rotation of spiral galaxies. By this means a balance relationship is derived between the fields of potential on the one hand and the horizontal eddy velocity on the other. This should provide a useful kinematical relationship for observational astronomy. It is obvious to the meteorological reader that the large scale irregular motions of galaxies are analogous to those which occur in our own atmosphere. 相似文献
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500kN 足尺磁流变液阻尼器设计的关键技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对我们制作的、目前出力居世界前列的500kN足尺MR阻尼器设计的关键技术、阻尼器的性能试验及力学模型的参数识别进行了研究。在对磁流变液材料的最大屈服剪应力、抗沉降稳定性以及磁滞响应时间等关键性能试验分析的基础上,确认该磁流变液的抗沉降稳定性和其他两项性能指标满足MR阻尼器的设计与工程应用要求。同时,对此500kN足尺MR阻尼器设计的关键技术,包括内置式碟型弹簧蓄能器、磁场防漏设计以及引线保护等进行了介绍;并通过对此MR阻尼器性能的试验,依据阻尼最小二乘法,对MR阻尼器采用的修正的B ingham模型的参数进行了识别,得到了与试验结果吻合的MR阻尼器的力学模型。通过研究可知,高性能磁流变液材料的制备以及MR阻尼器设计的关键技术是大吨位足尺MR阻尼器成功的关键。 相似文献
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L.C.van Rijn 《国际泥沙研究》2019,34(4):387-398
Cobbles, boulders, and rocks often are used in a bed protection layer near a structure to protect the underlying sand bed against erosion by combined current and waves. The design of a bed protection layer consisting of loose rocks (rubble mound) requires knowledge of the stability and movement (as bed load) of very coarse materials. If some movement (or damage) is acceptable, the rock diameter can be designed to be smaller. This paper addresses the stability and movement of very coarse materials (cobbles, boulders, and rocks) based on the concept of the critical Shields mobility number. It is shown that the bed load transport of large cobbles, boulders, and rocks can be described by the equations of Meyer-Peter and Mueller (MPM) and Cheng. Both are valid for relatively small Shields mobility numbers. New and general equations for the design of a bed protection layer (including some permissible damage) in conditions with a current with or without waves are proposed based on the Shields mobility parameter and the bed load transport equation of Cheng. Laboratory and field data of critical velocities for pebbles, cobbles, boulders, and rocks have been analyzed and compared to the computed results of the proposed equations. Practical applications are given to demonstrate the general applicability of the proposed equations. 相似文献