场地沉陷埋地管道反应分析方法

场地的不均匀沉陷是导致埋地管线破坏的重要原因之一，至今，国内外对这一问题的研究甚少。本文提出了一个新的方法，用以分析受沉陷作用的埋地管道的反应，该方法选取跨越非沉陷区和沉陷区的埋地管道为研究对象，用三次曲线模拟沉陷区管道的几何大变形，推导出沉陷区段管道在几何大变形条件下的受力平衡方程的内力递推公式，用弹性地基梁模型模拟非沉陷区的管道变形，并用学陷区和非沉陷区交界面处的变形及力学协调条件给出了交界点     

受沉陷作用埋地管道破坏判别方法

大地地震震害经验表明，场地的不均匀沉陷是导致埋地管线破坏地重要原因之一。提出一个适用的管道破坏判别方法十分重要本文提出了一个新的方法，用以分析受沉的埋地管道的反应，该方法发迹了沉陷区和非沉陷区都用弹性地基梁的分析途径，在沉陷区考虑了管道几何大变形，克服了现有方法公适用于无限远处发生最大沉陷的缺陷，适用于任何沉陷参数的情况。     

跨越断层埋地管道屈曲分析

考虑埋地管道与土介质的相互作用，分析了管道作为薄壳结构的断层位错反应。管道模型化为四结点薄壳单元结构，土介质简化为弹塑性弹簧，建立了管土相互作用的有限元分析模型。计算中，考虑了管道与土介质的材料非线性，管道几何参数，断层类型及破碎带宽，断层滑移角，埋深，内压，温度应力等因素的影响，根据计算结果描绘出管道控制点位移，应力及应变时空分布曲线；比较不同参数下管道的反应特征，总结管道反应的变化规律。最终得到结论：在大位移断层运动作用下，埋地管道反应存在明显的非线性效应，断层类型，管道埋深等因素不能忽略。     

沉陷区域埋地管线数值模拟分析

场地的不均匀沉陷是导致埋地管线破坏的重要原因之一。本文考虑了材料非线性、几何非线性以及管土接触非线性,将管线计算分析模型模拟为四节点薄壳单元结构,周围填覆土体采用八节点六面体单元划分。管土相互作用模拟为三维刚性与柔性的面面接触单元结构,并采用线性位移加载来模拟土体的沉陷作用,对三维薄壳有限元模型进行数值计算分析。通过比较不同参数,如沉陷长度、沉陷深度、埋深、管径、径厚比、土特性等对管线的反应影响,得出管线在沉陷情况下的应力和应变的关系,通过算例分析,说明了该方法能更好地模拟管线的破坏过程,该方法将为沉陷区域埋地管线数值模拟提供理论分析依据。     

采用等效弹簧边界分析埋地管线在沉陷情况下的反应

场地的不均匀沉陷是导致埋地管线破坏重要原因之一.到目前为止,国内外对沉陷区埋地管线的反应分析甚少.为了真实地分析管线在沉陷情况下的反应,通过引入一个非线性弹簧,作为分析埋地管线在沉陷情况下反应的边界条件,以代替远处直线段管线的变形,将管线模拟成四节点薄壳单元,土介质简化为弹塑性弹簧,采用线性位移加载来模拟土体的沉陷作用,对有限元模型进行计算分析.通过实例计算,得出了管线的控制力,找出了管线的控制截面,为沉陷区埋地管线的设计提供一定的理论依据.     

埋地管道在地震行波作用下反应综述

埋地管道是"生命线地震工程"的重要组成部分,关系到震区人民的生活和震后救灾活动的开展。在地震行波作用下,其受力和破坏情况比较复杂,因此针对埋地管道采用合理可靠的地震反应分析方法至关重要。梳理了埋地管道在地震行波作用下解析理论和数值模拟的研究成果,总结了相关试验研究情况,指出了存在的问题和需要进一步改进的地方。     

P波作用下埋地管道的相互作用动力分析

建立了波动理论计算公式,给出了地下管道在平面P 波作用下动力响应问题的解析近似解答.对地下多管道体系的动力相互作用进行了分析.结果表明:当埋地管道之间的距离较近时,管道之间的波往复反射作用增强,相互作用明显,动应力集中具有显著的放大效应;随着管道中心距离的增加,动应力集中峰值振荡逐渐平稳;当中心距达到约100倍的管道内径时,相互作用消失,结果退化为单个管道的结果.     

地震动和断层作用下埋地管道破坏的流固耦合分析

在考虑流固耦合和地震荷载作用的情况下,应用ADINA(Automatic Dynamic Incremental Nonlinear Analysis)中流固耦合分析求解器ADINA-FSI,建立了地下管道破坏分析的有限元模型,介绍了建模和计算过程,地震荷载加载和断层活动约束的实现,以及模型参数选择等。依据计算结果,分析了管内介质及流速等参数对管道破坏的影响。管道内输送介质密度和流速越大,管道越易破坏,故在埋地管道设计中应充分考虑管内介质的密度与流速。针对计算结果,提出了几点认识和建议。     

地震波作用下的埋地燃气管道动力响应研究

埋地管道是现代城市的重要生命线工程,因其埋于地下,一旦遭遇地震,管道就有可能发生破坏,导致燃气泄露,可能引发火灾、爆炸等次生灾害,对人们的生命和财产造成严重威胁,因此,如何提高埋地燃气管道的抗震性能,是当前需要迫切解决的问题.认为在管道轴向上和横向上均与土体之间存在相对位移,结合拟静力法进行了地震波作用下埋地管道的动力...     

地震断层作用下的埋地管道等效分析模型

地震作用下,活动断层附近的埋地管道易发生强度屈服、局部屈曲或整体失稳等形式的破坏,建立准确、高效的埋地管道在断层作用下的计算模型,对管道的抗震设计和震后安全状态评估具有重要的实用价值。本文采用非线性弹簧模拟远离断层处埋地管道的反应,基于管土之间小变形段管道处于强化阶段,提出一种改进的管土等效分析模型,进一步减小了管土之间大变形段的分析长度,从而提高了有限元分析效率。该模型采用ALA推荐的方法计算管土间的滑动摩擦力,可以考虑土体种类的影响;用Kennedy方法确定管道的计算长度。通过与精确模型比较,验证了管土等效模型的合理性和有效性。     

Pipe–soil interaction for segmented buried pipelines subjected to dip faults

This paper describes an investigation of pipe–soil interaction equations suggested by currently used pipeline seismic design codes and the applicability of these equations to segmented pipelines. The results of computer‐aided analyses were compared to results obtained in full‐scale experiments on a segmented ductile iron pipeline 93 mm in diameter and 15 m in length. The pipeline was installed 600 mm below the ground surface in a sandy soil compacted to two different subgrade reaction values. The type of fault considered was a reverse fault with an intersection angle of 60° with the pipeline, and the fault movement was a total of 350 mm in three same steps in the fault trace direction. The findings of this study demonstrate the necessity of considering the nature of soil behavior in pipe–soil interaction equations and the effects of connection joints on the integrated response of pipelines to fault‐induced ground deformations. A new combination of equations constituting a direction‐wise selection from among the equations proposed by currently used guidelines is introduced as a new series to describe pipe–soil interaction for segmented pipelines and is verified using the results of full‐scale experiments. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

场地土液化引起的地下管道上浮反应研究

本文利用虚功原理,建立了场地土液化引起的地下管道的上浮反应分析模型,用弹性地基梁来模拟地下管道,并考虑了土的非线性约束作用、管道的初始变形、液化区长度、管道的初始轴力等的影响。采用非线性增量有限元法,对场地土液化引起的地下管道的上浮反应进行了研究,给出了部分计算结果。     

Analysis of buried pipelines subjected to reverse fault motion

Presently available simplified analytical methods and semi-empirical methods for the analysis of buried pipelines subjected to fault motion are suitable only for the strike-slip and the normal-slip type fault motions, and cannot be used for the reverse fault crossing case. A simple finite element model, which uses beam elements for the pipeline and discrete nonlinear springs for the soil, has been proposed to analyse buried pipeline subjected to reverse fault motion. The material nonlinearities associated with pipe-material and soil, and geometric nonlinearity associated with large deformations were incorporated in the analysis. Complex reverse fault motion was simulated using suitable constraints between pipe-nodes and ground ends of the soil spring. Results of the parametric study suggest that the pipeline's capacity to accommodate reverse fault offset can be increased significantly by choosing a near-parallel orientation in plan with respect to the fault line. Further improvement in the response of the pipeline is possible by adopting loose backfill, smooth and hard surface coating, and shallow burial depth in the fault crossing region. For normal or near normal orientations, pipeline is expected to fail due to beam buckling at very small fault offsets.     

不均匀场地土液化引起的地下管道上浮反应研究

本文采用非线性增量有限元迭代法,对不均匀场地土液化引起的地下管道的上浮反应进行了研究,考虑了液化土3种不均匀的情况,给出了一些计算结果。     

Factors influencing the behavior of buried pipelines subjected to earthquake faulting

Seismic ground faulting is a severe hazard for continuous buried pipelines. Over the years, researchers have attempted to understand pipe behavior, most frequently via numerical modeling and simulation. However, there has been little, if any, physical modeling and tests to verify the numerical modeling approaches and assumptions. This paper presents results of five pairs of centrifuge tests designed to investigate the influence of various factors on the behavior of buried high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipelines subjected to strike-slip faulting. Parameters considered are the soil moisture content, fault offset rate, relative burial depth (H/D), and pipe diameter. The centrifuge test results show that pipe behavior, specifically pipe strain, is nominally not affected by the soil moisture content and fault offset rate when the pipe is subjected to strike-slip faulting. On the other hand, the burial depth ratio (H/D) and pipe diameter influence peak pipe strain, and in some cases, the ground soil failure pattern.     

Centrifuge modeling of buried continuous pipelines subjected to normal faulting

Seismic ground faulting is the greatest hazard for continuous buried pipelines.Over the years,researchers have attempted to understand pipeline behavior mostly via numerical modeling such as the finite element method.The lack of well-documented field case histories of pipeline failure from seismic ground faulting and the cost and complicated facilities needed for full-scale experimental simulation mean that a centrifuge-based method to determine the behavior of pipelines subjected to faulting is best to verify numerical approaches.This paper presents results from three centrifuge tests designed to investigate continuous buried steel pipeline behavior subjected to normal faulting.The experimental setup and procedure are described and the recorded axial and bending strains induced in a pipeline are presented and compared to those obtained via analytical methods.The influence of factors such as faulting offset,burial depth and pipe diameter on the axial and bending strains of pipes and on ground soil failure and pipeline deformation patterns are also investigated.Finally,the tensile rupture of a pipeline due to normal faulting is investigated.     

Response analysis of buried pipelines crossing fault due to overlying soil rupture

A 3-D soil-pipe nonlinear finite element model with contact element is suggested and the influences of the rupture mode, thickness and rigidity of overlying soil on the response of buried pipeline are analyzed. The numerical results show that the soil rupture mode determines the location of the large deformation or failure of the pipeline, and the plastic deformation of the pipeline occurs at the zone where the plastic deformation or rupture of the overlying soil appears. When the fault dip angle on bedrock...     

跨越断层埋地管线地震反应数值分析

跨越断层埋地管线在地震中的破坏是非常严重的,地震本身和管土相互作用体系中都存在很多不确定性因素,所以管线在断层运动过程中反应比较复杂。本文利用有限元理论和数值模拟手段,建立了管土作用模型,采用非线性接触问题研究方法详细地分析了管线由断层运动而产生的反应,对影响管线的各种因素进行了分析,包括位错量、跨越角度、断层运动形式、埋设深度、初始轴向力、断层裂缝宽度、填覆土质和管径。通过研究,得到一些初步结论。