大型立式浮顶储罐基础隔震数值研究

强震作用下,立式浮顶储罐破坏严重。为了降低浮顶储罐的地震响应,选取15×104m3大型立式浮顶储罐,引入基础隔震措施,并考虑浮顶的影响,应用势流体理论,采用ADINA建立有限元模型。研究在不同隔震层阻尼比、不同隔震周期、不同烈度及不同场地条件影响下,基础隔震浮顶储罐的地震响应并进行对比分析。结果表明:当隔震层阻尼比为0.2～0.3时减震效果较好,阻尼比存在合理优化区间;随着隔震周期、地震烈度的增加,基础隔震浮顶储罐的减震率增加;基础隔震浮顶储罐的减震效应受场地条件影响较大;基础隔震措施不能有效控制浮顶储罐的晃动波高。浮顶储罐隔震设计时需要综合考虑多种因素,选取最佳隔震设计参数。     

考虑SSI效应的15×10~4 m~3储罐基础隔震数值仿真分析

为考虑土与结构相互作用(SSI)对15×104m3大型立式储罐基础隔震效应的影响,采用弹簧-阻尼系统模拟地基土和隔震层,罐壁及底板采用壳单元,流体采用势流体单元,利用ADINA建立15×104m3储罐有限元模型,在峰值加速度0.2g El Centro波地震激励下,应用Newmark数值积分方法进行地震响应分析,结果表明:考虑SSI效应时,非隔震储罐的地震响应有所减小,而基础隔震时地震响应有放大效应。储罐抗震减震设计时,中软地基土上储罐从结构设计安全角度来说需要考虑土与结构的相互作用。     

隔震立式储罐地震反应谱分析

基于反应谱理论,研究了的基底隔震储罐的地震响应问题.将储罐简化为三质点体系力学模型,罐内连续液体质量等效为对流质量、脉冲质量和刚性质量,并引入隔震刚度.与时程分析对比,验证反应谱法的适用性,分析隔震立式储罐的地震响应并研究主要参数对隔震储液罐地震响应的影响,主要考虑的参数有:(1)场地类别;(2)隔震周期;(3)高径比.结果表明:反应谱法计算隔震立式储罐地震响应是偏于安全的;随着场地类别和隔震周期的增大,基底剪力减震率逐渐降低,晃动波高变化不明显,隔震后,液动压力呈线性变化,液动压力随着场地类别和高径比的增大而增大,随着隔震周期的增大而减小;高径比存在一定的优化段,在优化段内,基底剪力减震率较大,隔震效果较好.     

立式储罐基础隔震动力反应特性分析

本文基于文献[1]建立的立式储罐基础隔震体系，针对阻尼，波高，隔震震频率等因素，进行了分析和研究，给出了工程设计所需的隔震频率、阻尼比并分析了隔震周期对波高控制的影响。     

考虑SSI效应的层间隔震结构自振特性及随机响应分析

基于水平摇摆阻尼系统模型,建立土-层间隔震结构简化分析模型,将地基土等效到上部结构,推导得到简化模型动力特性参数表达式,并通过对结构周期比及振型参与位移进行分析,讨论质量比及土体剪切波速对层间隔震结构自振特性的影响规律。利用虚拟激励法及均匀调制非平稳随机响应分析方法,分别从时域和频域角度分析不同场地条件下SSI效应对层间隔震结构的振动响应影响。结果表明：在刚性地基下,结构质量比对结构周期比及振型参与位移的影响较小,SSI效应放大了各子结构响应,尤其对下部子结构响应影响最大,各子结构在场地土差异下变化明显,软土场地下各子结构响应变大。     

考虑SSI效应的隔震结构体系振动台模型试验与数值模拟对比研究

基于考虑土-结构相互作用(SSI)效应的隔震结构体系振动台模型试验,以ABAQUS软件为计算平台,考虑土体的非线件特性,建立了将土体一桩基-隔震结构视为共同工作整体的三维有限元模型,对各种试验工况下的地震反应进行了数值模拟计算,并与试验结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:数值模拟和振动台模型试验结果基本一致,两者得到的SSI效应对隔震结构地震反应的影响体现出相似的规律性,印证了数值模型的正确性.     

立式钢制储罐隔震抗震设计的工程化方法

针对立式钢制圆柱储罐隔震抗震设计的工程化方法进行了研究,提出了一种利用规范化设计用反应谱法进行隔震抗震设计的思想。     

建筑结构基础隔震分析

本文详细地阐述了基础隔震的基本原理与特性,分析了隔震体系的类型及其特点。提出了隔震结构基于位移设计的设计指标和设计准则,并给出了设计步骤和实例。     

考虑桩土-隔震层-罐体相互作用的隔震储罐地震响应分析

为了研究桩土、隔震层与罐体相互作用对15×104m3隔震储罐地震响应的影响,桩与隔震层采用弹簧-阻尼单元,罐体采用壳单元,流体采用势流体单元,基于ADINA建立数值仿真分析模型,在8度E1 Centro地震动激励下,应用Newmark数值积分方法进行地震响应分析.结果表明:隔震储罐基底剪力和基底弯矩相对于非隔震储罐明显降低,储罐罐壁加速度沿罐壁高度方向近乎平动,但对波高的控制效果不明显;除罐壁顶部外,动液压力明显降低;隔震后,罐壁有效应力和环向应力减震效应明显,对轴向应力和径向应力影响较小,建议从安全角度考虑,储罐非隔震设计时不考虑桩土作用,隔震设计时考虑桩土对罐体的影响.     

A simplified seismic analysis of rigid base liquid storage tanks under vertical exicitation with soil-structure interaction

A study is carried out to evaluate dynamic response of an elastic circular cylindrical tank having a rigid base under a vertical excitation taking into consideration the interaction with the foundation soil. At first, the soil is represented by frequency-independent parameters. Two coupled differential equations, governing the motion of the shell and the base, are solved using a step by step integration technique. The hydrodynamic pressures, acting on the shell and on the base, are derived from a velocity potential function which satisfies the Laplace equation and the appropriate boundary conditions. The response of the simplified model of a tank having a rigid base on a stiff foundation soil is compated to that obtained elsewhere to check the accuracy of the present model. Reasonable agreement is found between the maximum wall displacement and the associated stresses with those found by a more elaborate model. The interaction of the tank and the soil reduces the response than that calculated under the assumption of a rigid foundation soil. A parametric study to examine the effects of the height-to-radius ratio of the tank, and the effects of the shear wave velocity of the soil on the response is conducted. Varieties of foundation models are used to assess the sensitivity of the response to the variation in the soil parameters. Finally, a more representative solution for the problem in the frequency domain is obtained where the soil is appropriately modelled by frequency-dependent parameters. The transfer functions of the response of the tank wall and of the relative base motion are evaluated, and a comparison between the frequency-dependent and the frequency-independent solutions is made.     

Dynamic response of vertically excited liquid storage tanks considering liquid-soil interaction

The paper presents a dynamic response analysis of vertically excited liquid storage tanks including both liquid-tank and liquid-soil interaction. The system considered is a thin-walled, elastic cylindrical shell entirely filled with an incompressible and inviscid fluid, resting on a flexible foundation over an elastic halfspace with frequency dependent stiffness and damping parameters. The problem is treated analytically by the generalized-coordinate approach and then solved numerically using the complex frequency response analysis. For one special tank, natural frequencies and equivalent damping ratios are evaluated and compared with those corresponding to a rigid ground. The maximum dynamic pressure is calculated using the response spectra of the 1976 Friuli earthquake. A parameter study is carried out to show the great influence of variable soil stiffness upon the damping ratio of the shell-liquid-soil system.     

土-结构动力相互作用对基础隔震的影响

本文研究土-结构动力相互作用对基础隔震的影响。文中根据间接边界元方法，推导了空间域中的格林函数公式，并建立了地基土的动力刚度矩阵；进而在频域内采用子结构法，建立了考虑土-结构动力相互作用的隔震结构的运动方程；通过数值仿真某具有埋置刚性基础的剪切型基础隔震结构的地震反应，分析了地基土的刚度对隔震效果以及结构地震反应的影响，得到了一些有意义的结论。     

考虑土-结构相互作用的框架结构抗震性能分析

目前结构的抗震分析主要是采用刚性地基假定,忽略了土-结构相互作用,而在实际情况中结构的地震破坏与刚性地基假定的预期结果并不相同。为了对比差异,本文以一6层混凝土框架结构为例,分别进行了Pushover分析和非线性时程分析。结果表明:当考虑土-结构相互作用时,结构的基底剪力减小,周期增大,顶点位移增大且结构的破坏主要集中在首层,柱端出现了塑性铰,更符合实际的震害情况。并将Pushover分析与非线性时程分析的结果进行对比,验证了Pushover分析的可靠性。     

Effects of soil-structure interaction on seismic response of elevated tanks

Models of two-dimensional x-braced elevated tanks supported on isolated footings are analyzed to investigate the effects of dynamic interaction between the tower and the supporting soil-foundation system. Static, dynamic elastic, and dynamic inelastic responses of towers under horizontal ground motions are evaluated. Effects of soil properties, represented by the shear wave velocity, on joint displacements and on member end actions are studied. In general, soil-tower interaction reduces member end actions except near the base of tower.     

Seismic response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks considering fluid–structure–soil interaction in time domain

The seismic response analysis of a base-isolated liquid storage tank on a half-space was examined using a coupling method that combines the finite elements and boundary elements. The coupled dynamic system that considers the base isolation system and soil–structure interaction effect is formulated in time domain to evaluate accurately the seismic response of a liquid storage tank. Finite elements for a structure and boundary elements for liquid are coupled using equilibrium and compatibility conditions. The base isolation system is modeled using the biaxial hysteretic element. The homogeneous half-space is idealized using the simple spring-dashpot model with frequency-independent coefficients. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate accuracy and applicability of the developed method.Consequently, a general numerical algorithm that can analyze the dynamic response of base-isolated liquid storage tanks on homogeneous half-space is developed in three-dimensional coordinates and dynamic response analysis is performed in time domain.     

考虑土-结构相互作用双层柱面网壳在多点输入下的地震反应分析

目前对于网壳结构的地震反应研究大部分仍然采用一致输入,特别是没有考虑土-结构相互作用对网壳结构的影响。本文通过对大型有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran的二次开发,用等效线性化方法考虑土体的非线性,对土体采用三维实体单元建模,并对土体在基岩面上采用地震动的多点输入,计算分析了大跨度双层柱面网壳的动力反应,并且与一致地震动输入下网壳结构的地震反应进行了对比,考察了两者之间的差异,深入分析了考虑土-结构相互作用下,双层柱面网壳结构在多点输入和一致输入下的地震反应规律,并得出了一些重要结论。     

利用ARX模型识别土-结构体系的低阶模态频率和阻尼

利用美国Alaska-14层的办公大楼及周围场地上记录到的地震动,对此结构进行了低阶模态频率和阻尼的识别。和考虑土-结构动力相互作用后的土-结体系的低阶模态的频率和阻尼的识别。提供了一种ARX参数模型辨识方法,并与非参数模型辨识比较分析,发现两种模型得到的低阶模态频率和阻尼基本一致,但在高阶模态上会出现明显的差异。通过分析还发现考虑土-结相互作用后,体系的传递函数幅值有所降低。并编制了相应的Matlab计算程序。