温度对杂色鲍不同群体生长率与存活率的影响

在16、20、24和28℃这4个设定的水温下,以杂色鲍（Haliotisdiversicolor）日本群体、台湾群体、越南群体和“东优1号”为材料,进行为期40d的养殖试验,对4个杂色鲍群体在不同温度下的壳长日增长率（LGR）和体重日增长率（WGR）进行比较．结果表明,“东优l号”杂色鲍群体在28℃时的LGR和WGR值分别达到162．23±15．79lxm／d和46．52±6．89mg／d,在4个温度下的LGR和WGR值都优于其他3个群体,台湾群体在较高温度（24和28℃）条件下的LGR和WGR值要高于日本群体,而日本群体在较低温度（16和20℃）时的值则高于台湾群体．双因素方差分析的结果进一步表明,温度对杂色鲍不同群体的生长率指标具有显著影响．     

长江口邻近海域透明胞外聚合颗粒物浓度和沉降速率研究

透明胞外聚合颗粒物（Transparent exopolymer particles,TEPs）在海洋中分布广泛,其沉降被认为是海洋中生物碳沉降的途径之一。本研究于2011年春季和夏季调查了长江口邻近海域TEPs的浓度和沉降速率,并且估算了其碳沉降通量。研究发现,TEPs浓度春季介于40.00~1040.00 μg Xeq L^-1,平均值为209.70±240.93 μg Xeq L^-1;夏季介于56.67~1423.33 μg Xeq L^-1,平均值为433.33±393.02 μg Xeq L^-1。两个季节,TEPs在水华站位的浓度明显高于非水华站位。相关性分析表明,TEPs与水体叶绿素a浓度呈显著正相关性,表明在调查区浮游植物是TEPs的主要生产者。TEPs沉降速率在春季介于0.08~0.57 m d^-1,平均值为0.28±0.14 m d^-1;夏季介于0.10~1.08 m d^-1,平均值为0.34±0.31 m d^-1。经估算,TEPs碳沉降通量春季介于4.95~29.40 mg C m^-2 d^-1,平均值为14.66±8.83 mg C m^-2 d^-1;夏季介于6.80~30.45 mg C m^-2 d^-1,平均值为15.71±8.73 mg C m^-2 d^-1。TEPs的碳沉降通量可以占到浮游植物碳沉降通量的17.81%~138.27%。水华站位TEPs的碳沉降通量明显高于非水华站位,这是由于水华站位较高的TEPs浓度及沉降速率所致。本研究表明,TEPs的沉降在长江口邻近海域是碳沉降的有效途径,在相应的碳沉降相关研究中应该被考虑进来。     

皱纹盘鲍杂交幼鲍闽东内湾度夏初探

为探讨皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍在闽东内湾度夏的生长与存活,以山东荣成两家育苗场培育的皱纹盘鲍Haliotis discus hannai杂交鲍幼鲍(XXK、DY)、福建东山岛培育的盘鲍H.discus discus幼鲍(DS)为材料,分别运输至福建霞浦内湾长腰海区、山东荣成爱连湾进行度夏培育.各幼鲍组XXK、DY、DS均为1龄苗种,起始壳长分别为31.51 mm±2.66 mm、30.76 mm±3.30 mm、30.63 mm±2.57 mm,且无显著性差异(P<0.05).经过6个月的培育,在南方闽东内湾培育条件下,皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍组壳长的日增长率达95.34 μm/d±29.14μm/73.81 μm/d±29.37 μm/d,存活率为50.06%±0.25%、49.88%±0.17%;盘鲍组壳长的日增长率则为65.81 μm/d±29.71μm/d,存活率为28.81%±4.87%.作为对照,在北方培育条件下,皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍组壳长的日增长率达67.85μm/d±29.01μm/d、63.749 μm/d±22.99 μm/d,存活率为78.90%±2.24%、86.56%±2.98%;盘鲍组壳长的日增长率则为27.87μm/d±29.21μm/d,存活率为43.19%±1.85%.双因素方差分析结果表明养殖环境与幼鲍来源,以及两者的交互作用均显著影响幼鲍度夏的生长发育.本研究结果对皱纹盘鲍杂交幼鲍在南方闽东内湾的养成提供了一定的参考.     

2017年春季季风间期南海中北部浮游植物生长与微型浮游动物摄食

Phytoplankton growth rates and mortality rates were experimentally examined at 21 stations during the 2017 spring intermonsoon(April to early May) in the northern and central South China Sea(SCS) using the dilution technique, with emphasis on a comparison between the northern and central SCS areas which had different environmental factors. There had been higher temperature but lower nutrients and chlorophyll a concentrations in the central SCS than those in the northern SCS. The mean rates of phytoplankton growth(μ_0) and microzooplankton grazing(m) were(0.88±0.33) d~(–1) and(0.55±0.22) d~(–1) in the central SCS, and both higher than those in the northern SCS with the values of μ_0((0.81±0.16) d~(–1)) and m((0.30±0.09) d~(–1)), respectively.Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates were significantly coupled in both areas. The microzooplankton grazing impact(m/μ_0) on phytoplankton was also higher in the central SCS(0.63±0.12) than that in the northern SCS(0.37±0.06). The microzooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with temperature in the surface. Temperature might more effectively promote the microzooplankton grazing rate than phytoplankton growth rate, which might contribute to higher m and m/μ_0 in the central SCS. Compared with temperature, nutrients mainly affected the growth rate of phytoplankton. In the nutrient enrichment treatment,the phytoplankton growth rate(μn) was higher than μ_0 in the central SCS, suggesting phytoplankton growth in the central SCS was nutrient limited. The ratio of μ_0/μn was significantly correlated with nutrients concentrations in the both areas, indicating the limitation of nutrients was related to the concentrations of background nutrients in the study stations.     

Effects of dietary vitamin A on antioxidant responses of abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino

1 IntroductionHighly reactive oxygen species (ROS) such assuperoxide anion radical (O2-), hydroxyl radical(HO·), singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydrogen perox-ide (H2O2) are continuously produced in the courseof normal aerobic cellular metabolism. It is widely…     

Experimental study of the interspecific competition between two sibling marine herbivorous rotifers in relation to food availability and initial population density

Our laboratory study concerns the competitive interaction between two marine rotifer species Brachionus plicatilis and Brachionus rotundiformis at five algal (Nannochloropsis salina) concentrations (0.4×10⁶ to 32.4×10⁶ cells/ml) and at four initial inoculation densities (numerically, 100% B. plicatilis; 75% B. plicatilis and 25% B. rotundiformis, 50% each of the two species; 25% B. plicatilis and 75% B. rotundiformis and 100% B. rotundiformis. The initial biomass varied as 0.33 and 0.22 μg/ml for B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis respectively. Experiments were performed at (25±1)℃. Population densities were enumerated and the medium was changed daily up to 8 d in the experiment. At the lowest food level tested, B. rotundiformis formed superior competitor than B. plicatilis, regardless of starting inoculation density. Generally when the food concentrations increased, B. plicatilis showed a greater increase in biomass than B. rotundiformis. B. rotundiformis formed the largest in population growth, regardless of increasing food concentrations. When grown alone, B. plicatilis reached peak abundances of (1.311 5±0.028) and (137.5±0.014) μg/ml at low and high food densities respectively. The corresponding values of B. rotundiformis were 0.724 5±0.016 and 18.15±0.021. The adverse effects of B. rotundiformis on the peak abundances of B. plicatilis were observed at the lowest food level and higher initial density. The rate of population growth in controls varied from (0.792±0.162) to (1.482±0.132) μm/d for B. plicatilis and (0.445±0.041) to (0.856±0.012) μm/d for B. rotundiformis, depending on food level. When both species were introduced together, low food levels favoured higher abundance of B. rotundiformis than B. plicatilis, suggesting that increased population density of the smaller B. rotundiformis was more successfull than larger B. plicatilis in brackish waters. Our work reveals that available food (type and quantity) along with starting inoculation density had significant effect on the interspecific competition between marine sibling rotifer species in zooplankton community structure.     

温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂对大泷六线鱼幼鱼耗氧率、排氨率的影响

采用静水呼吸室法,研究了温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂(丁香油、MS-222)对体质量为(6.44±0.59)g的大泷六线鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响.实验分别设置了5个温度梯度(8℃、12℃、16℃、20℃、24℃),5个盐度梯度(15‰、20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰),6个丁香油浓度梯度(0、8、16、24、32、40 m...     

不同剂型和剂量的维生素C对幼刺参生长的影响

在水温11.0～14.0℃条件下,将平均体质量2.29 g的幼刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)随机放入39个容积50 L塑料水槽中,投喂以玉米蛋白为蛋白源,分别添加0、500、1 000、2 000和4 000 mg/kg V_C-2-三聚磷酸酯(L-ascorby1-2-polyphosphate, LAPP)、V_C-棕榈酸酯(L-ascorby1 palmitate, LAP)和V_C -磷酸酯镁(L-ascorby1-2-monophosphate-magnesium, APM)的13种饲料.90 d的饲养情况表明,摄食添加V_C饲料的刺参的生长、蛋白质效率均显著高于摄食未添加V_C的幼参(P＜0.05).摄食添加LAPP饲料幼参的特殊生长率最高(0.21%/d),添加LAP(0.17%/d)的次之,添加APM(0.15%/d)的最低,分别比对照组(0.12%/d)高75.00%、41.67%和25.00%.摄食添加LAPP饲料幼参的平均蛋白质效率最高(12.57%),摄食添加LAP饲料的(7.76%)次之,摄食添加APM(6.86%)的最低,分别比对照组(5.52%)高127.72%、40.58%和24.28%.在3种剂型V_C组中,饲料系数由低到高依次为:LAPP＜LAP＜APM.饲料中LAPP、APM和LAP的添加量为2 000～2 500 mg/kg、1 000～1 500 mg/kg和2 000～3 125 mg/kg时,幼刺参对饲料蛋白的表观消化率最高,生长最快,饲料系数最低.     

Effects of Lanthanum-Amino Acid Complexes on Egg Hatching and Nauplius Metamorphosis of Penaeus chinensis

Studies have been carried out on the effect of lanthanum-amino acid complexes on embryo development and nauplius growth ofPenaeus chinensis. The experimental results indicate that: (1)The optimum concentrations of lanthanum-proline and Lanthanumphenylalanine for the development of eggs in monocell and dicell stages are 1.50～ 4.00mg/L and 0.50～3.00 mg/L, respectively, the egg hatching rates being raised by 21.0 ～ 46.0% and 23.0 ～42.8% ( P ＜ 0.05 ) respectively. (2)The optimum concentrations of lanthanum- proline complex and Lanthanum-phenylalanine complex for the growth ofnauplii are 1.50～4.00 mg/L and 0.50～3.00 mg/L, the metamorphosis rate from nauplius to protozoea being raised by 16.4 ～27.5% and 20.4～26.7% (P ＜ 0.05 ) respectively. (3)The positive effect of lanthanum-amino acid complexes on egg hatching and nauplius metamorphosis of Penaeus chinensis is better than that of lanthanum. With regard to the positive effect, lanthanum-proline complex is better than Lanthanum-phenylalanine complex.     

三角褐指藻和亚心形扁藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤繁殖与生化指标的影响

采用实验生态的方法,探讨三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonassubcordiformis)对太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)繁殖及其生化指标的影响.实验结果表明,三角褐指藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤产卵量和卵的孵化率均具有抑制作用,随着投喂时间的增加,太平洋纺锤水蚤的产卵量由15.02±3.15 ind/d下降到3.25±3.15 ind/d(p<0.05),其卵的孵化率由22.88%±2.49%下降到14.84%±1.20%(p<0.05).而投喂亚心形扁藻的太平洋纺锤水蚤其产卵量和卵的孵化率与对照组无显著差异(p>0.05).投喂三角褐指藻后,太平洋纺锤水蚤的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力相对于投喂亚心形扁藻的增加了20.94±0.04μg/mg,其谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活力增加了15.812±1.240 U/mg.这表明相对于亚心形扁藻,三角褐指藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤的抗氧化性酶具有诱导作用.     

Influence of two different dietary zinc sources in freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae

A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the ef fects of bulk zinc(B-Zn) and zinc nanoparticles(Zn-NPs) on survival, growth, compositions of amino acid and fatty acid, and nonspeci?c immune responses of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae. The B-Zn(size 10 μm)and Zn-NPs(size 50 nm) were supplemented separately with the basal feeds of M. rosenbergii at 60 mg/kg and feed without supplementation of any Zn source was served as a control. M. rosenbergii were fed these feeds for 90 days and the results showed that signi?cant( P <0.05) improvements in survival, growth, feed intake,speci?c growth rate, essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, nonspeci?c immune responses(total haemocytes and dif ferential haemocytes count) of M. rosenbergii fed with B-Zn and Zn-NPs supplemented feeds when compared to control. Among these Zn sources, Zn-NPs supplemented feeds fed prawns showed signi?cantly( P <0.05) better performance than that of B-Zn and control. Hence, present study suggests that the 60 mg/kg Zn-NPs can be supplemented with basal feeds of M. rosenbergii for regulating better survival and growth.     

犬齿牙鲆胚胎及仔、稚、幼鱼形态发育观察

犬齿牙鲆(Paralichthys dentatus)卵为端黄卵,受精卵浮性,卵径950~1100μm,油球径200~225μm.在水温20.5~22.0℃,盐度33条件下培育,受精后1 h 20 min 进入卵裂期,6 h 10 min 进入囊胚期,11 h 20 min 进入原肠胚期,19 h 10 min 发育到胚孔封闭期,胚体形成,26 h 50 min 尾芽出现,33 h 35 min心跳开始,48 h 10 min 开始孵化出仔鱼.初孵仔鱼平均全长2.59 mm±0.02 mm,在培育水温为17.0~21.0℃,盐度24~34条件下,胚后发育时序为:1日龄~9日龄为仔鱼前期,10日龄平均全长5.52 mm±0.05 mm,卵黄囊和油球完全吸收进入仔鱼后期;40日龄平均全长20.82 mm±0.67 mm,各鳍鳍条发育形成进入稚鱼期;65日龄平均全长41.13 mm±0.88 mm,全身鳞被完整进入幼鱼早期     

杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼的代谢率及排泄率比较

杂交鲷是以真鲷为母本,黑鲷为父本的杂交F1代品种,为了比较杂交鲷与黑鲷的代谢特征,采用静水密闭式呼吸仪测定了13、18、23、28、33℃（32℃）5个温度下杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼的代谢率及排泄率.结果表明：13~28℃温度下,杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼的代谢率、排泄率均随温度的升高而升高,28℃时杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼的代谢率、排泄率分别为14.22±0.95、0.39±0.02 J/（g.h）和17.47±0.14、0.43±0.02 J/（.gh）,分别是其13℃时的5.69、4.05倍和4.01、3.73倍;且各温度下黑鲷的代谢率始终高于杂交鲷,前者是后者的1.23~1.73倍;杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼分别在32℃和33℃时代谢率比28℃下跌了22.23%和3.83%,证明该温度已分别超出了这2种幼鱼的最高适温;杂交鲷和黑鲷幼鱼28℃时的窒息点溶解氧含量分别为1.94、1.40 mg/dm3,低于真鲷21℃时的窒息点溶解氧含量（2.30 mg/dm3）;O∶N原子比值结果显示,28℃时蛋白质供能比最低,生长积累速度最快,是2种幼鱼的最适温度.综合分析认为,杂交鲷幼鱼具有代谢率显著低于亲本的优点,也继承了父本耐低温的特点,但同时失去了亲本耐高温、耐低氧的特点,并出现了应激反应大等不良性状.     

坛紫菜（Porphyra haitanensis）丝状藻体生长增殖的优化调控培养条件研究

丝状藻体是紫菜生活史中的重要阶段,其生长增殖与环境条件密切相关.本研究考察了与坛紫菜丝状藻体生长增殖相关的多个影响因子,探讨了可促进坛紫菜丝状藻体生长、达到生长速率快的优化调控培养条件.具体操作实施过程为：初始丝状藻体来自成熟紫菜叶状体的果孢子释放,基于8因子3水平的正交实验设计方案[采用正交表L27（313）],确定了丝状藻体生长对多个环境因子的响应以及优化的调控培养条件.结果表明,除开pH、复合维生素浓度和NaHCO3浓度外,其他因子对丝状藻体生长均有显著的影响（p≤0.043 8）.获得的优化调控培养条件为：温度18℃、光强27μmol/m2·s-1、盐度25、pH值8.5、复合维生素浓度15μg/dm3、NaHCO3浓度2 mg/dm3、每天光照时数18 h、营养液浓度为f培养介质.优化调控培养条件下的丝状藻体生长速率高达12.07%,平均值±标准偏差SD为（10.70±0.88）%/d.     

温度对条石鲷幼鱼代谢率、排泄率及窒息点的影响

采用静水密闭式呼吸仪,分别测定了13,18,23,28和33℃5个水温梯度下条石鲷Oplegnat-hus fasciatus幼鱼的代谢率、排泄率及窒息点。结果表明:(1)不同温度条件下,条石鲷幼鱼的代谢率和排泄率差异显著(p<0.05);当温度由13℃升高至28℃时,条石鲷幼鱼的代谢率和排泄率均随之升高;当水温为28℃时,其代谢率和排泄率达最大值,分别为(16.33±0.45)J/(g·h)和(1.03±0.04)J/(g·h),是13℃实验组的6.69倍和5.15倍;与28℃实验组相比,33℃实验组的代谢率和排泄率分别降低了19.04%和15.53%,33℃已超出了条石鲷幼鱼生长的最高适温。(2)实验温度下,条石鲷幼鱼的蛋白质供能比值为37.94%～72.24%,蛋白质是其主要能源物质。(3)条石鲷幼鱼的窒息点为(3.17～3.64)mg/L,并随水温升高而升高。(4)Q10值和蛋白质供能比值的变化特征表明,18～28℃是条石鲷幼鱼的适宜生长温度。     

中国刺参(♂)×日本红刺参(♀)杂交子代的胚胎、幼体发育及幼参生长性状的研究

本研究建立中国刺参(♂)与日本红刺参(♀)杂交组合,通过对杂交子代的胚胎发育进行观察,详细描述其胚胎及幼体各个阶段的发育时序和形态特征,并比较在幼参培育期间杂交苗与中国刺参自交苗的生长和成活.结果表明,在20～22℃时,杂交子代发育至初耳幼体的时间为受精后24 h 38 min,发育至中耳幼体的时间为72 h 8 min,然后经过167h 8 min(约7d)发育至大耳幼体,到受精后第9天发育至樽形幼体.樽形幼体后期,纤毛环逐渐退化,浮游能力减弱,幼虫由浮游转至底栖生活.在幼参培育期间,受精后第38～51天,平均水温为25.2℃,杂交幼参的体重特定生长率(SGR)为2.58％,而自交幼参的SGR略高,为3.03％;从受精后第51～80天,平均水温达到27.17℃,杂交幼参的生长速度减慢,SGR减小至0.66％,但平均体质量明显增加,到第80天达到(0.34±0.035)g,而自交幼参活动能力减弱,摄食量明显减少,SGR减小至0.08％,生长近于停滞,到第80天平均体质量为(0.19±0.034)g.自交苗和杂交苗的成活率相差不显著,分别为82.2％和73.9％.这表明,在高温条件下杂交苗种比自交苗种生长优势明显.     

Isolation and phylogenetic assignation of actinomycetes in the marine sediments from the Arctic Ocean

Actinomycetes in five marine sediments collected from the Arctic Ocean at depths of 43 to 3 050 m were cultivated using a variety of media. A total of 61 actinomycete colonies with substrate mycelia only were observed, and no colonies with aerial mycelia were observed under aerobic conditions at 15 ℃. From these colonies, 28 were selected to represent different morphological types.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to check the purity of isolates and select representatives for subsequent sequencing. Phylogentic analyses based on nearly full-length 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequences indicated that the actinomycetes isolated were accommodated within genus Rhodococcus of family Nocardiaceae, genus Dietzia of family Dietziaceae,genera Janibacter and Terrabacter of family Instrasporangiaceae and genera Kocuria and Arthrobacter of family Micrococcaceae. One of the strains (P27-24) from the deep-sea sediment at depth of 3 050 m was found to be identical in 16S rDNA sequence(1474/1474)with the radiation-resistant Kocuria rosea ATCC 187T isolated from air. More than halfofthe isolates showed the similarities ranging from 99.5% to 99.9% in 16S rDNA sequence to dibenzofran-degrading, butyl 2-ethylhexanoate-hydrolysising and nitrile-metabolizing actinomycetes. All the strains isolated were psychrotolerant bacteria and grew better on the media prepared with natural seawater than on the media prepared with deionized water. Three of them (Dietzia sp. P27-10, Rhodococcus sp. S11-3 and Rhodococcus sp.P11-5)had an obligate growth requirement for salt, confirming that these strains are indigenous marine actinomycetes.     

施氏獭蛤全同胞家系建立及生长与存活性状分析

本研究以经2代家系选育的速生长系施氏獭蛤(Lutrariasieboldii)为亲本,通过巢式平衡设计构建了30个全同胞家系,以未经选育个体的同期子代作为对照,分析各家系及对照组不同阶段生长和存活差异。实验结果显示, 3月、9月和15月龄的施氏獭蛤全同胞家系生长性状均高于对照组(P0.05), 3月龄的家系壳长、壳高和体质量分别相对提高1.33%～9.33%、0.83%～15.83%和0.74%～25.19%,9月龄的家系壳长、壳高和体质量分别相对提高1.83%～10.46%、3.95%～12.45%和6.01%～20.60%,15月龄的家系壳长、壳高和体质量分别相对提高2.45%～25.62%、2.62%～15.01%和7.00%～28.73%,15月龄累积壳长、壳高和体质量生长量前3家系均值分别比家系平均提高9.38%、5.07%、9.34%;幼体期(1 d～30 d)、培育期(30 d～90 d)和养成期(90 d～450 d)各家系的存活率均值低于对照组5.61%、2.45%、2.08%,累积存活率均值低于对照组9.08%,但存活率排名前三的家系均值要高于对照组22.52%;根据全同胞家系生长和存活数据比较,家系A5、A12、A15于不同时期均表现出稳定优异的生长性状,家系A8、A15、A14于不同阶段均具有稳定的存活性状。以上结果表明,经选育施氏獭蛤家系的生长性状具有明显优势,其中,兼具有高生长和存活性状的家系A15可优先作为良种培育材料。     

牙鲆F1代近交系、雌核发育系的建立及遗传检测

在牙鲆育种中基于构建的大量家系,已经筛选出生长快成活率高的F₁代家系0719,0750和0751,为了使其优良性状进一步纯化,采集以上3个优良家系中成熟个体的精子和卵子,分别利用家系内兄妹近交和鲈鱼冷冻精子诱导雌核发育的方式,构建了近交系3个、雌核发育系7个,在其生长至127 d和190 d时,测定体长和体重两个性状,并利用方差分析、Student-Newman-Keuls多重比较及绝对增重比较等法对两个性状进行分析,发现0751的雌核发育系较其他近交系和雌核发育系生长更快(P＜0.05)。利用倍性分析仪对0751近交系和雌核发育系的染色体倍性进行分析。结果显示近交系和雌核发育系分别在G₀-G₁期和G₂-M期DNA 相对含量相近,G₀-G₁期DNA指数均为1.000,都具有二倍体的特点。利用筛选的14对具有多态性的微卫星引物分别对近交系和雌核发育系的遗传特征进行检测,发现近交系和雌核发育的等位基因数(N_a)分别为2.214 3和2.000 0,有效等位基因数(N_e)分别为2.082 9和1.936 9,观测杂合度(H_o)分别为0.564 2和0.413 8(P＜0.05),期望杂合度(H_e)分别为0.515 4和0.490 1,遗传杂合度(Ave_Het)分别为0.506 6和0.482 8,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.403和0.366,雌核发育系的遗传指数均低于近交系。除EKOP-E1-In,EKOP17-Li,EKOP-E1-Ey 3个位点仅在近交系中为高度多态,其他位点在两个系中均为中度多态。近交系和雌核发育系的遗传偏离指数(d)分别为0.091 5和-0.157 3,反映了近交系杂合子的比例远高于理论上的数值,纯合子缺失;雌核发育系杂合子缺失,纯合子比例高。利用雌核发育较近交方式更有利于基因的纯合,在牙鲆育种中具有较大的应用价值。     

Radium-traced nutrient outwelling from the Subei Shoal to the Yellow Sea: Fluxes and environmental implication

The Subei Shoal is the largest sandy ridge in the southern Yellow Sea and is important source for nutrient loading to the sea. Here, the nutrient fluxes in the Subei Shoal associated with eddy diffusion and submarine groundwater discharge（SGD） were assessed to understand their impacts on the nutrient budget in the Yellow Sea. Based on the analysis of 223 Ra and 224 Ra in the field observation, the offshore eddy diffusivity mixing coefficient and SGD were estimated to be 2.3×10⁸ cm