山东招平断裂带大磨曲家金矿床流体包裹体初步研究

The Damoqujia gold deposit,discovered recently and located in the north of Zhaoping fault zone,is a large altered rock type deposit.In this paper,we report the preliminary research results of the fluid inclusions and discuss its metallogenic implications. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions fall into four ranges:310～350℃,230～270℃,160～200℃and 110～150℃; corresponding to the four stages of hydrothermal ore-forming processes:coarse grain pyrite-milk white quartz stage(Ⅰ),smoky gray Au-bearing quartz-fine grain pyrite stage(Ⅱ),Au-bearing polymetallic sulfide-quartz stage(Ⅲ),and quartz-carbonate stage(Ⅳ). Ore-forming fluid is with low salinity and low density,ranging from 1.4 Wt_(NaCl)% to 13.6 Wt_(NaCl)% and from 0.48g/cm~3 to 1.03g/cm~3 respectively.The inclusions are dominated by H_2O and CO_2 in gaseous compositions,and Na~ and K~ in positive ions,SO_4~(2-)and Cl~- in negative ions of liquid compositions.Au-S complex is the major form for transportation of gold.The pressure varied from 260MPa to 340MPa during the formation of CO_2-bearing inclusions at the early mineralization;the fluids are rich in SO_4~(2-)and Na~ .The pressure is 26-49×10~5 Pa during the formation of the aqueous salt inclusions in late mineralization,the inclusions are rich in CI~-(F~-), Na~ .δ~(18)O_(qurrtz)is 10.64～12.68%o,and the correspondingδ~(18)O_(H_2)O andδD is-5.44～6.47‰and-95.52～-106.48‰respectively.Based on the studies about compositions and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of inclusions,it is evidenced that ore-forming fluid is magmatic hydrothermal fluid in early period,but affected by meteoric water in late.     

胶东大磨曲家金矿床成矿流体成分及稳定同位素研究

通过对大磨曲家金矿床不同类型矿石、蚀变岩中石英单矿物流体包裹体群体气液相成分,探讨金成矿流体由高温到低温流体成分演化与金成矿过程,结果证实:流体包裹体气相成分以H2O为主,其次为CO2,其余为CH4,C2H6,H2S,少量样品检测到少量N2和Ar2.流体包裹体液相成分中,阳离子主要为Na 和K ,Ca2 次之,少数样品检测到Mg抖;阴离子主要为Clˉ和SO42-,Fˉ含量也较高.高温阶段CO2含量缓慢降低,CH4 C2H6总量变化较大;低温阶段CO2含量快速降低,H2S含量缓慢降低,CH4 C2H6总量呈现增加趋势.由高温阶段到低温阶段K 含量降低,Na 含量增加,Ca2 变化不明显;阴离子组成SO42-含量急剧降低,Fˉ含量缓慢增加,Cl-含量快速增加.成矿流体稳定同位素组成δD水(SMOW)为-106.48‰～-95.52‰,δ18O石()(SM()w)为10.64‰～12.68‰,换算与之平衡δ18O水(SMOw)为1.88‰～5.78‰,δ13Cco2(PDB)为-6.264‰～-4.271‰.稳定同位素组成说明大磨曲家金矿床成矿流体可能为深部来源,可能与地幔排气和矿区内煌斑岩岩浆活动有关.     

大营子金矿床成矿物理化学条件研究

在详细研究大营子金矿床成矿地质背景及包裹体特征的基础上，利用化学热力学原理，对成矿流体的物理化学性质进行了计算，成矿溶液的氢氧同位素组成表明成矿流体为合来源，为先期深源岩浆热液叠加了后期雨水所致。     

西藏波龙斑岩铜金矿床成矿流体物理化学条件

应用英国Linkam THNSG600型冷热台测试和前人的经验公式,对西藏波龙斑岩铜金矿床在岩浆晚期、磁铁矿-辉钼矿阶段、黄铜矿-黄铁矿阶段和硬石膏-黄铁矿阶段等4个成矿阶段利于主成矿元素Cu迁移的流体包裹体的一般特征及物理化学条件进行研究。研究结果表明,该矿床流体包裹体类型以含石盐和硫化物子矿物的三相包裹体为主,为高温（232~549 ℃）、低压（1.40×105~234.41×105 Pa）、高盐度（NaCl质量分数28.65%~52.16%）、中—高密度（1.0683~1.1598 g/cm3）的流体;随着成矿进程的发展,各阶段流体逸度和活度均逐渐降低,pH值和Eh值逐渐升高,铜主要以Cu（H₂S）（HS）₂-形式存在,说明Cu在高温酸性流体中易成矿。      

山东龙口大磨曲家金矿床302 脉深部成矿预测

大磨曲家金矿床位于玲珑金矿田北端。区内共产出大小金矿脉23 条,其中302 脉为主要的开采矿脉,含3 个工业矿体。矿体主要产于主断裂面下盘,由黄铁绢英岩化碎裂岩组成,呈似层状或透镜体状。通过对302 脉矿体厚度、金品位及矿脉米克吨值等分析,矿脉在深部自南向北有较好的金矿化显示,是深部隐伏矿体的找矿标志。矿体厚度在垂向变化上显示由74 线到98 线逐渐降低。根据这些找矿标志,在302 脉深部预测5 处找矿靶区。     

河南毛堂及蒲塘金矿成矿物理化学条件和流体演化

毛堂金矿和蒲塘金矿为２个产在花岗斑岩－爆破角砾岩筒中的斑岩－爆破角砾岩型复合矿床，二者成矿地质条件和成矿特征相似，矿化与流体沸腾，隐爆，稀释作用有关。探讨了这２个矿床的成矿物理化学条件和成岩成矿中的流体演化过程。     

黑龙江省砂宝斯金矿床成矿流体性质研究

砂宝斯金矿床产于中侏罗统陆相碎屑岩中,金矿体严格受S-N向和NNW向断裂构造控制.矿体石英中流体包裹体较为发育,以气液包裹体为主.通过流体包裹体的研究认为:成矿流体属于Ca2+(K+、Na+)-SO42-(F-、Cl-)型,具有低盐度(0.8%~9.2%)、低密度(0.895g/cm3)、偏碱性(pH8.05~8.26)、高硫低氧(LogfO2值为-39.4~-39.2)和相对还原环境(Eh值为-0.71~-0.68)的特点:成矿温度为200~230℃、成矿压力为17.24MPa,成矿深度为0.575km;成矿流体主要来源于深部岩浆,有部分大气降水加入,是岩浆热液和大气降水的混合流体;Au主要是以Au-S配合物的形式迁移,成矿流体的压力、pH值降低和Eh值升高是导致Au沉淀的重要因素.     

小秦岭西段驾鹿金矿田成矿流体特征、物理化学条件及演化

以成矿系列理论为指导，在对比性研究了小秦岭西段驾鹿金矿田的葫芦沟、莲子沟和王排三个金矿床的赋矿地层、控矿构造、矿化蚀变类型及分带性、成矿期、成矿阶段划分和矿床类型等地质特征的基础上，运用包裹体测温学、流体成分分析及计算方法，研究了三个矿床不同成矿阶段的包裹体特征、成矿的物理化学条件和成矿溶液的组分特征及演化，认为：（1）虽然它们的矿床类型不同，主要地质特征差异明显，但所经历的成矿期、成矿阶段和相同阶段的矿物共生组合十分相似。在空间位置上，从下到上矿床类型由蚀变岩型过渡到石英脉型，因而隶属于同一成矿系列。（2）从蚀变岩型到石英脉型金矿床，成矿的物理化学条件和成矿溶液具有与之相对应的变化特征:①各成矿阶段的平均均一温度降低；②成矿的压力和深度减少；③成矿溶液的盐度相当或有所增加；（3）在金的成矿作用过程中，从I→Ⅳ阶段各矿床的物理化学条件的演化具有下述类型的特征：①成矿的温度、压力逐渐降低；②成矿溶液的酸碱度具有从弱碱性（中性）→弱酸性→酸性→弱碱性的演化规律；③氧化还原电位表现为相对氧化→相对还原→相对氧化的变化趋势。     

鄂西北构家河金矿床成矿流体特征

构家河金矿床位于南秦岭武当山西缘,产于绢云绿泥石英片岩和变石英砂岩之中,受韧性滑脱剪切构造带控制。矿化类型主要有破碎带蚀变岩型和石英脉型,其中前者形成了破碎带蚀变岩型主矿体,呈似层状或透镜状分布于近南北向断裂中,次矿体分布在北西和北东向次级断裂中,为石英脉型矿体。成矿作用包括3个阶段:石英-硫化物阶段、石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段。对主矿体石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段的流体包裹体进行了显微观察和测温,同时对不同阶段的石英和方解石、白云石等进行了D、O、C同位素测试。结果显示,包裹体以原生气液两相包裹体为主,且主要为富液相包裹体;石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段包裹体均一温度集中于180~270℃,峰值为220℃,盐度和密度分别为1.40%~14.46%和0.60~0.97g/cm~3;石英-碳酸盐阶段均一温度峰值为170℃,盐度和密度分别为1.34%~7.31%和0.86~0.96g/cm~3;石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段石英的δD_(v-SMOW)值分别为-93.3%~70.9‰和-91.6%‰~-67.2‰,δ~(18)O_(v-SMOW)值为12.9‰~14.5‰和11.9‰~13.8‰;方解石和白云石的δ~(13)C_(V.PDB)值为-12.4‰~-12.0‰,δ~(18)O_(v-PDB)值为-18.4‰~-18.1‰。成矿流体特征显示该矿床初始成矿流体为中温、低盐度的变质热液,再结合区域成矿地质与成矿构造背景,认为构家河金矿为造山型金矿床。     

Decrepitation Thermometry and Compositions of Fluid Inclusions of the Damoqujia Gold Deposit,Jiaodong Gold Province,China:Implications for Metallogeny and Exploration

The recently discovered Damoqujia (大磨曲家) gold deposit is a large shear zone-hosted gold deposit of disseminated sulphides located in the north of the Zhaoping (招平) fault zone, Jiaodong (胶东) gold province, China. In order to distinguish the temperature range of cluster inclusions from different mineralization stages and measure their compositions, 16 fluid inclusions and 5 isotopic geochemistry samples were collected for this study. Corresponding to different mineralization stages, the multirange peaks of quartz decrepitation temperature (250-270, 310-360 and 380-430℃(2) indicate that the activity of ore-forming fluids is characterized by multistage. The ore-forming fluids were predominantly of high-temperature fluid system (HTFS) by CO2-rich, and SO2-4-K type magmatic fluid during the early stage of mineralization and were subsequently affected by low-temperature fluid system (LTFS) of CH4-rich, and Cl--Na /Ca2 type meteoric fluid during the late stage of mineralization. Gold is transferred by Au-HS- complex in the HTFS, and Au-Cl- complex can be more important in the LTFS. The transition of fluids from deeper to shallow environments results in mixing between the HTFS and LTFS, which might be one of the most key reasons for gold precipitation and large-scale mineralization. The ore-forming fluids are characterized by high-temperature, strong-activity, and superimposed mineralization, so that there is a great probability of forming large and rich ore deposit in the Damoqujia gold deposit. The main bodies are preserved and extend toward deeper parts, thereby suggesting a great potential in future.     

Geological and Fluid Inclusion Constraints on Gold Deposition Processes of the Dayingezhuang Gold Deposit,Jiaodong Peninsula,China

The Dayingezhuang gold deposit, hosted mainly by Late Jurassic granitoids on Jiaodong Peninsula in eastern China, contains an estimated 170 t of gold and is one of the largest deposits within the Zhaoping fracture zone. The orebodies consist of auriferous altered pyrite–sericite–quartz granites that show Jiaojia-type (i.e., disseminated and veinlet) mineralization. Mineralization and alteration are structurally controlled by the NE- to NNE-striking Linglong detachment fault. The mineralization can be divided into four stages: (K-feldspar)–pyrite–sericite–quartz, quartz–gold–pyrite, quartz–gold–polymetallic sulfide, and quartz–carbonate, with the majority of the gold being produced in the second and third stages. Based on a combination of petrography, microthermometry, and laser Raman spectroscopy, three types of fluid inclusion were identified in the vein minerals: NaCl–H2O (A-type), CO2–H2O–NaCl (AC-type), and pure CO2 (PC-type). Quartz crystals in veinlets that formed during the first stage contain mainly AC-type fluid inclusions, with rare PC-type inclusions. These fluid inclusions homogenize at temperatures of 251°C–403°C and have low salinities of 2.2–9.4 wt% NaCl equivalent. Quartz crystals that formed in the second and third stages contain all three types of fluid inclusions, with total homogenization temperatures of 216°C–339°C and salinities of 1.8–13.8 wt% NaCl equivalent for the second stage and homogenization temperatures of 195°C–321°C and salinities of 1.4–13.3 wt% NaCl equivalent for the third stage. In contrast, quartz crystals that formed in the fourth stage contains mainly A-type fluid inclusions, with minor occurrences of AC-type inclusions; these inclusions have homogenization temperatures of 106°C–287°C and salinities of 0.5–7.7 wt% NaCl equivalent. Gold in the ore-forming fluids may have changed from Au(HS)0 as the dominant species under acidic conditions and at relatively high temperatures and fO2 in the early stages, to Au(HS)2– under neutral-pH conditions at lower temperatures and fO2 in the later stages. The precipitation of gold and other metals is inferred to be caused by a combination of fluid immiscibility and water–rock interaction.     

山东省埃子王家—原疃矿区成矿流体特征及流体来源

[摘 要] 通过对埃子王家-原疃矿区流体包裹体岩相学、测温学及铅、硫同位素等的分析,研究其成矿流体性质和演化,并探讨矿床成矿流体和成矿物质来源,结果表明:①流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体;包裹体液相成分阳离子以K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺为主,阴离子以SO²₄、Cl^-、F^-为主;气相成分以H₂O、CO₂、CH₄为主;②成矿流体均一温度、盐度分别为120～350℃,4. 26%～8. 66%,为中低温(200℃以下为70%)、低盐度的流体;③²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb 范围为16. 217～18. 034;²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb 范围为15.180～16.889;²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb 范围为36. 586～39. 987。分析认为,本区铅同位素来源应为壳幔混合源。     

山东金翅岭金矿成矿流体特征

[摘 要]通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包裹体稀土元素等的分析,研究山东金翅岭金矿床成矿流体性质和演化,研究结果表明:流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,另有少量液相包裹体。包裹体气相成分主要以H₂O、CO₂为主。液相成分属Na⁺-K⁺-Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-Cl^--SO²_-4体系,成矿流体为岩浆热液夹有变质水和大气降水的混合流体。流体包裹体的均一温度介于140～350℃,金的主成矿期为第域和第芋阶段,成矿温度范围为290℃～185℃,流体盐度介于7.3%～8.9%,为中-低温、低盐度的成矿流体。石英、黄铁矿包裹体稀土元素特征研究表明:轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有中等负铕异常,标准化曲线为略右倾曲线。     

黑龙江省东宁县五道沟金矿成矿流体特征及矿床成因

五道沟金矿位于太平岭金-铜多金属成矿带,矿体呈脉状赋存于下二叠统双桥子组碳质板岩中,并严格受NE向断裂控制。根据野外观察和岩相学研究,将五道沟金矿成矿划分为早期石英阶段、石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段3个阶段,其中石英-黄铁矿阶段为主要成矿阶段。石英流体包裹体显微测温和拉曼光谱分析表明,金成矿期流体为中低温、低盐度的含CO₂流体。氢氧同位素分析表明,成矿流体是岩浆水和大气降水的混合流体。黄铁矿微量元素特征表明矿区内黄铁矿为岩浆热液成因;矿石硫同位素数据显示其具有岩浆硫和地层硫的混合特征。铅同位素组成图上,矿石铅、围岩铅和岩浆岩铅三者呈线性关系,具有同源特征,矿石中²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb和²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值明显高于围岩的相应值,暗示了矿石铅为围岩铅淋滤产物。矿石同位素特征表明双桥子组碳质板岩应为金矿矿源层。综合矿床地质特征、流体包裹体和H-O-S-Pb同位素分析,认为五道沟金矿为造山型金矿     

黑龙江省老柞山矽卡岩热液脉型金矿成矿流体演化模式

黑龙江省老柞山金矿床位于兴蒙造山带东段佳木斯地块的中北部,矿体主要赋存于华力西期花岗岩和燕山期闪长玢岩中,断裂控矿明显。老柞山金矿床属于矽卡岩-热液脉型金矿床,热液成矿期分为4个阶段,前3个成矿阶段均一温度和盐度变化范围分别为287~472℃,3.21%~50.85% NaCleqv;156~412℃,2.73%~42.65% NaCleqv;155~412℃,2.73%~8.13% NaCleqv。（铁）金矿化集中在Ⅱ阶段,金（铜）矿化集中在Ⅲ阶段,Ⅲ阶段是主成矿阶段。初始流体为含CO2的盐水体系,随着温压条件、pH值的变化,发生CO2、H2S等气体逃逸为特征的沸腾作用,而演化为盐水体系。前3个阶段流体沸腾作用以及后2个阶段岩浆驱动的大气降水溶液的作用导致金矿化。华力西期、燕山期岩浆活动导致成矿流体聚集,裂隙中发育的花岗岩和闪长玢岩在成矿过程中提供了一定的热液和物质来源。     

胶东邓格庄金矿床流体包裹体氦、氩同位素组成及其成矿物质来源示踪

矿床成因和成矿物质来源一直是成矿理论研究和实际找矿中争论的焦点。选择了邓格庄金矿床5件不同成矿阶段的矿石样品,对黄铁矿流体包裹体氦、氩同位素进行了测试。研究结果表明：R/R_a值为0.008 33～3.612 00,平均为1.400 00;⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar值为465.7～4 674.7;⁴He/⁴⁰Ar^* 值为0.36～1.36,成矿流体中地幔端元流体的比例为3.73%～45.87%,平均为17.67%。结合氢氧同位素、岩浆岩、围岩蚀变和流体包裹体等证据,反映了成矿流体具地壳流体和地幔流体混合特征,主要来源于地壳,并有明显地幔流体混入,上升过程中可能还有少量大气降水的参与。     

漠滨金矿成矿物理化学条件的水-岩反应实验研究

以漠滨金矿围岩地球化学特征和矿物流体包裹体组成为基础,模拟特定体系水-岩相互作用实验,研究结果表明,漠滨金矿的成矿元素Au主要源于赋矿围岩--板溪群五强溪组一套浅变质碎屑砂岩、砂质板岩和凝灰质板岩.Cl-在中低温热液体系中能与Au形成稳定络合物的形式进行运移,因此Cl-在该区Au成矿过程中起着相当重要的作用. 成矿热液流体中 Au 主要以金硫、金氯络合物形式在溶液中迁移,阴离子ΣS、Cl-对金的活化、迁移及沉淀起主导作用.溶液中硫氯离子浓度、溶液酸碱度及反应温度是金活化、迁移及沉淀的决定性因素.     

内蒙古敖汉旗金路金矿床地质特征及成矿流体研究

金路金矿床位于华北克拉通和中亚造山带的结合部位,矿体受北东向韧-脆性断裂控制,赋矿围岩为太古宇小塔子沟组变质岩和三叠纪片麻状二长花岗岩。以流体包裹体和电子探针分析为研究手段,讨论了成矿流体的特征、演化及其与金矿化的关系。其热液成矿过程可划分为乳白色石英阶段(Ⅰ阶段)、石英-黄铁矿阶段(Ⅱ阶段)、石英-多金属硫化物阶段(Ⅲ阶段)和碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ阶段) 4个阶段,自然金主要产于Ⅲ阶段的石英和黄铁矿中,以粒间金、裂隙金和包体金的形式产出,成色较高。石英中原生包裹体主要有水溶液包裹体、含微量CO2水包裹体、含子矿物多相包裹体3种类型。Ⅰ阶段石英中以水溶液包裹体和含微量CO2水包裹体为主,均一温度较高,为365～405℃,盐度为7. 9%～11. 7%,密度为0. 61～0. 70 g/cm3;Ⅱ阶段石英中3种类型包裹体均发育,均一温度为335～390℃,盐度为4. 3%～36. 1%,密度为0. 62～0. 79 g/cm3;Ⅲ阶段(主阶段)石英中发育3种类型包裹体,均一温度为270～367℃,盐度为1. 7%～37. 8%,密度为0. 64～1. 1 g/cm3。成矿流体属H2O-Na Cl-CO2体系,成矿温度和流体盐度呈逐渐降低趋势,密度则呈现逐渐增大趋势。根据流体包裹体岩相学特征和矿床地质特征,认为流体沸腾作用和硫化作用是本矿区金沉淀成矿的主要机制。综合分析认为矿床成因类型为岩浆热液矿床。     

西秦岭大店沟金矿成矿流体演化及矿床成因

大店沟金矿是西秦岭成矿带近年来新发现的中型金矿床,金矿体赋存在下古生界丹凤群木其滩组绢云绿泥石英片岩中,叠加在北东东向脆韧性剪切带中的脆性构造为成矿结构面。在总结控矿地质特征的基础上,通过开展系统的流体包裹体、稳定同位素地球化学研究及成矿流体演化、矿床成因探讨,认为成矿期共分半自形黄铁矿、它形粒状黄铁矿、石英多金属硫化物和碳酸盐-黄铁矿4个成矿阶段,其中它形黄铁矿阶段和石英多金属硫化物阶段为最主要成矿阶段。流体包裹体类型以水溶液包裹体、CO₂三相包裹体和纯CO₂包裹体为主,成矿温度集中在120~256 ℃之间,成矿流体盐度为4.03%~15.27%。H-O同位素研究显示成矿热液主要为变质水混合大气降水,S同位素组成特征表明成矿物质来自深源;流体不混溶和沸腾作用是金沉淀的主要机制,矿床成因类型为造山型金矿。通过成矿结构面舒缓波状特征规律总结,判断成矿流体沿成矿结构面自南西深部向北东浅部运移、沉淀,形成分段富集矿化。