构建出口水产品技术性贸易壁垒防护体系的探讨——以广东为例

国外技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)已成为制约广东水产品出口的最大障碍。根据技术性贸易壁垒的概念和特点,提出针对国外技术性贸易壁垒,构建政府、行业协会和企业三位一体的应对与防护体系,并从制度、政策、人才和经费保证该体系的有效运行,发挥其在预警、示范和保护等方面的功能。     

我国水产品国际竞争力的提升策略

当前我国水产品出口屡屡受挫．如何提升我国水产品的国际竞争力是我们面临的一个重要课题。通过分析认为。制约我国水产品国际竞争力的外部因素：发达国家技术壁垒的强化；反倾销、反补贴和特殊保障措施使我国在保护水产品生产和贸易上处于严重的不利地位；生态标签成为新的非关税壁垒，威胁着国际贸易的发展。内部因素：政府管理体制方面的制约；水产品生产加工方面的制约；行业组织化程度低，恶性竞争没有得到有效遏制；生产服务和信息服务能力弱；水产品市场体系的制约因索。在此基础上，提出了增加政府补贴、加强养殖监管、健全合作组织、实施品牌战略等一系列提升我国水产品国际竞争力的策略。     

我国水产品国际竞争力的提升策略

当前我国水产品出口屡屡受挫,如何提升我国水产品的国际竞争力是我们面临的一个重要课题。通过分析认为,制约我国水产品国际竞争力的外部因素:发达国家技术壁垒的强化;反倾销、反补贴和特殊保障措施使我国在保护水产品生产和贸易上处于严重的不利地位;生态标签成为新的非关税壁垒,威胁着国际贸易的发展。内部因素:政府管理体制方面的制约;水产品生产加工方面的制约;行业组织化程度低,恶性竞争没有得到有效遏制;生产服务和信息服务能力弱;水产品市场体系的制约因素。在此基础上,提出了增加政府补贴、加强养殖监管、健全合作组织、实施品牌战略等一系列提升我国水产品国际竞争力的策略。     

构建水产品贸易壁垒预警机制的探讨——以广东为例

金融危机爆发以来,贸易保护主义明显抬头,贸易壁垒花样翻新。以广东水产品为例,从短期来看,贸易壁垒会对出口产生抑制效应;从长期来看,贸易壁垒将会形成倒逼机制,促使企业提高产品质量,改善产品结构,提高出口绩效,增强竞争力,产生正面效应。贸易壁垒预警机制是一个由政府部门、专业机构、行业协会和企业共同参与的一项系统工程,包括预警信息的收集、加工、评估和发布四个阶段组成,根据具体情况,适时发布预警信息和警度级别,从而能够使企业及时了解国外贸易壁垒的信息,尽早制定应对策略,采取切实可行的措施,将贸易壁垒所造成的损失降到最低。     

我国水产品市场状况分析

文章分析了我国水产品市场的基本状况,认为目前我国水产品市场品种,价格稳定。究其原因,主要是水产品流通体制的改革,水产品市场的开放,科技贡献率的提高,政府的渔业发展方向上的战略性调整和水产品对外贸易的快速发展。文章针对现阶段我国水产品市场存在的问题。特别是渔业资源及其生态环境破坏的负面影响及解决办法做了有益的探讨。     

广东水产品出口下滑的原因分析与对策措施

分析广东水产品出口出现下滑趋势外部原因为:发达国家对农产品进口实行贸易壁垒,贸易保护主义有所抬头;内部原因为:国内生产经营过度分散,产业结构不合理,缺乏国际市场竞争力。提出发挥政府、企业和行业协会的积极作用,建立多元化的出口市场体系等措施,以进一步扩大广东水产品的出口,实现渔民增收、企业增效的目标。     

理论与方法是GIS可持续发展的核心问题

地理信息系统(GIS)在40年中快速地从一个技术性概念发展成一个学科门类,并且成为现代信息科学的重要组成部分,其中理论与方法的发展起到了至关重要的作用,特别是在地理信息系统已经深入人心的今天,理论与方法已经成为其可持续发展的核心问题。     

我省海洋经济发展示范区土地资源保障对策与思考

如果说二十世纪是大陆经济,那么二十一世纪就是海洋经济。海洋是我国的潜力所在、希望所在、优势所在。随着我国参与全球经济程度不断加深和海洋科技创新不断发展。海洋作为我国经济转型升级和发展空间拓展平台、资源综合开发利用的重要载体、对外贸易和大宗战略物资运输的重要通道,其地位日益突出。     

白皮书里说中国——2011年中国政府白皮书工作扫描

从国防到航天,从对外援助到对外贸易,从中国特色社会主义法律体系到农村扶贫开发的新进展和应对气候变化的政策行动,从中国的和平发展到西藏和平解放60年……     

国土资源台格评定程序体系的建立

国外工业发达国家通过建立完善的合格评定程序机制，以此来强化技术法规、标准的实施及对实施情况进行监督，取得了显著的效果，并成为技术性壁垒的重要手段。许多发展中国家因为制定了比较明确的矿山生产、监督、管理等方面的合格评定（资格认证)体系，在吸引外资方面获得了较好的成绩。目前．我国台格评定机制的建立和运作还     

西昌物流现状及对策

物流在国民经济中发挥着重要作用，区域物流关系着地区的经济发展。着重分析了西昌地区的物流现状，并就西昌地区物流的发展提出初步构想。     

集中式银证通系统中双向交易的设计与实现

首先介绍银证通基本概念,阐述了集中式银证通系统设计的基本理念、体系结构,然后在此基础上讨论了银证通系统中双向交易的设计和实现,提出了两种解决方案,分析了最初方案的缺点所在,进而提出了改进方案,达到了预期的效果.     

Sources and flows of embodied CO2 emissions in import and export trade of China

This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project(version 7)database to calculate embodied CO2emissions in bilateral trade between China and other countries(regions)based on input-output methods.The sources and flows of embodied CO2emissions in import and export trade of China are analyzed.Results show that the flows of embodied CO2emissions in export trade are highly concentrated.The main flows to the United States(US)and Japan account for 1/4 and 1/7 of the total CO2emissions in export trade,respectively.Concentrated flows of total exports and small differences in export structure are the main reasons for the highly concentrated export trade.The sources of embodied CO2emissions in import trade have relatively low concentration.Taiwan Province of China,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,US,Russia,Republic of Korea,and Japan account for around 7.72%–12.67%of the total embodied CO2emissions in import trade.The relative dispersion of import sources,the impact of the import structure,and the level of production technology in importing countries caused low concentration of CO2emissions in import trade.Overall,the embodied CO2emissions in the export trade of China are higher than those in import trade.As a result,production-based CO2emissions are higher than consumption-based CO2emissions.The difference of 8.96×108t of CO2,which comes mainly from the US,Japan,Germany,and the United Kingdom,accounts for 58.70%of the total difference.Some suggestions,such as improving energy efficiency,alerting high carbon-intensive industries transfer,expanding the market for sharing risks,and prompting the accounting system of consumption-based CO2emissions,are proposed based on the results.     

Environmental effects of foreign trade and its spatial variations in mid-eastern provinces and cities of China

The studies on environmental effects of foreign trade and its spatial variations are helpful to design and implement environmental protection countermeasures.In order to eliminate the adverse effects of insufficient observation values on the accuracy of regression results and dynamic information quantity of fitting equation during empirical study,panel data of the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China from 1985 to 2007 were selected based on the adjustment of classical regression model in this paper.Panel unit root test and panel cointegration analysis method were applied to investigating the environmental effects of foreign trade and its spatial variations in the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China and its three groups divided by foreign trade dependence.The results show that all scale effects are positive,while all technical effects are negative and unable to counteract positive scale effects.Foreign trade development is regarded as an important cause for outstanding eco-environmental problems in the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China.Total effects and structural effects are significantly different among different groups because of spatial variations in environmental policies,export destinations,source of FDI,etc.Following the principle of′coordinating generality and considering differences comprehensively′,it is essential to issue a series of policies and countermeasures corresponding to differences in regional environmental effect of foreign trade,in order to coordinate the relationship between foreign trade development and eco-environment in each region.     

Stakeholder perspectives on use, trade, and conservation of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa district of central Nepal

People’s livelihood in several Himalayan regions largely depends on collection, use, and trade of medicinal plants. Traditional use is generally not a problem, but commercial gathering of selected species to meet increasing national and international demand can result in over-exploitation. Sustainable management of medicinal plants requires a clear understanding of the respective roles, responsibilities and viewpoints of the various stakeholders involved. Through personal interviews and group discussions, this study aimed at investigating the views of two stakeholder groups on use, trade and conservation of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa district of Nepal. Local people and district and national organizations agreed that medicinal plants are collected for a combination of commercial and personal uses. Perceptions on market availability differed significantly: 100 % of the respondents from district and national organizations saw markets as easily available, against only 36 % for local people. This could explain why medicinal plants were perceived by local people to contribute less to income generation than to livelihood improvement. Different viewpoints were also expressed concerning the status of medicinal plants in the district: 81 % of the respondents from district and national organizations considered that medicinal plants were threatened, compared to only 28 % for local people. Despite this disparity, both stakeholder groups agreed upon potential threats to medicinal plants: over-harvesting; habitat loss due to land-use change and deforestation; and over-grazing by livestock. Several challenges were identified regarding sustainable management of medicinal plants, such as ambiguous policies; lack of resources, information and infrastructures; habitat degradation; and over-exploitation. Despite these challenges, respondents agreed that the medicinal plants sector offers huge opportunities in the Rasuwa district, given resource availability, community awareness and motivation, and the priority given to the sector by governments and other agencies. Proper collaboration, communication and coordination among stakeholders are needed to grab these opportunities.