北山北带园包山地区中酸性火山岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

北山北带园包山地区晚古生代中酸性火山岩以英安岩类为主,夹少量安山质火山岩。测得英安质凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄为315.9±3.4Ma,形成时代为晚石炭世,认为该套火山岩为上石炭统干泉组。该套岩石属于过铝质低钾-中钾钙碱性火山岩,轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素相对富集,具有较弱的负Eu异常,高场强元素(Nb、Ti)及P元素明显亏损,表明其形成于大洋岛弧向大陆边缘弧过渡的构造环境。结合区域构造,认为北山北带地区晚石炭世古亚洲洋仍在俯冲,尚未闭合。     

新疆北部阿尔泰地区库尔提蛇绿岩：古弧后盆地系统的产物

位于新疆北部富蕴县库尔提一带的晚古生代变质玄武岩和辉长岩系含有似岛弧火山岩（arc-like)和似洋中脊玄武岩（MORB－like)成分的两种组分，岩石以出现不同程度的LREE亏损和Nb、Ta等元素的负异常为特征，在成分上非常相似于现代弧后盆地（Mariana和Okinawa弧后盆地）的玄武岩。我们厘定这套变质的镁铁质火成岩为弧后盆地蛇绿岩，它们很可能代表了晚古生代古亚洲洋北侧的一个洋内岛弧的弧后盆地系统，表明晚古生代早期新疆北部地区处于与古亚洲洋俯冲有关的岛弧环境，该古洋在晚石炭世－二叠纪消减消失后，两侧西伯利亚和哈萨克－准噶尔板块才开始碰撞和造山。     

内蒙古东乌旗北部早古生代火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

内蒙古北部二连-东乌旗地区出露早古生代火山岩,为兴蒙造山带北缘构造-岩浆岩带的组成部分,对研究造山带早古生代构造格局及演化具有重要作用。本文对东乌旗北部早古生代中基性及酸性火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石学、全岩地球化学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素分析。定年结果显示,中基性火山岩成岩年龄为452±2Ma,酸性火山岩为430±20Ma,表明早古生代岩浆活动可延续至中志留世。地球化学组成上,中基性火山岩稀土总量中等,Eu异常不明显,富集Rb、Sr、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素,特征类似岛弧岩浆岩;酸性火山岩富集Th、U,Eu负异常显著,但Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素富集程度不高,Nb、Ta等高场强元素亏损不明显,表现出板内岩浆特点。中基性和酸性火山岩均具有亏损的同位素组成:中基性火山岩ε_(Nd)(t)=+203～+267,ε_(Hf)(t)值介于+79～+145之间;酸性火山岩ε_(Nd)(t)=+494,ε_(Hf)(t)值为+99～+153。岩石学及地球化学分析表明,中基性火山岩为岛弧环境下遭受俯冲流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融产物,酸性火山岩则来源于新生基性下地壳熔融并具有板内岩浆特征,可能指示了俯冲的结束。结合前人资料,二连-东乌旗地区早古生代岩浆活动介于晚寒武-中志留世之间,形成时间及阶段性演化特征近似于苏尼特左旗-锡林浩特早古生代岩浆岩带,暗示两者可能具有成因联系,均为早古生代古亚洲洋向北俯冲的产物。     

长江源雀莫错-带上二叠统那益雄组火山岩特征及其构造环境

雀莫错一带那益雄组火山岩是由玄武岩组成的基性熔岩,岩石化学表现为低TiO2(<1％)和Al2O3,Na2O>K2O,属钙碱性系列。地球化学特征表现为轻稀土富集,Eu平坦或轻微负异常,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb,Sr,Ba,K)和高强场元素Th,亏损高强场元素Nb和Ta,反映了岛弧构造环境。上二叠统那益雄组岛弧型火山岩的发现,说明长江源地区晚古生代有岛弧存在,且该岛弧应为晚古生代特提斯洋向东俯冲在中北段形成的多岛-弧盆系统的一部分。     

长江源雀莫错一带上二叠统那益雄组火山岩特征及其构造环境

雀莫错一带那益雄组火山岩是由玄武岩组成的基性熔岩,岩石化学表现为低TiO2(<1%)和Al2O3,Na2O>K2O,属钙碱性系列.地球化学特征表现为轻稀土富集,Eu平坦或轻微负异常,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb,Sr,Ba,K)和高强场元素Th,亏损高强场元素Nb和Ta,反映了岛弧构造环境.上二叠统那益雄组岛弧型火山岩的发现,说明长江源地区晚古生代有岛弧存在,且该岛弧应为晚古生代特提斯洋向东俯冲在中北段形成的多岛-弧盆系统的一部分.     

藏北望牲山火山岩地球化学研究及其构造意义

望牲山火山岩位于金沙江缝合带内,为一套基性—中性火山岩组合,由亚碱性玄武岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩组成。这些火山岩具有Sr、(K)、Rb、Ba、Th富集和Nb、Ta、Ti亏损特征,Nb／Th—Nb、La／Nb—La和Th—Nb—Hf非活动性微量元素组合显示出岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征,是金沙江海槽在晚三叠世期间洋壳俯冲及裂陷的岩浆作用产物。它可能是金沙江缝合带在羌塘盆地北部出露的重要岩石学证据。     

新疆阿合奇地区喀拉治尔加组砂岩地球化学特征及大地构造意义

南天山是古亚洲洋闭合造山的关键地区,为探讨古亚洲洋闭合时限及前陆盆地的演化过程,对晚古生代喀拉治尔加组砂岩进行了岩石主、微量元素分析。结果显示,砂岩的主量元素具有低SiO_2(平均含量65.99%)、高MgO(平均含量3.45%)的特点;稀土元素表现出中等的轻重稀土分异,具弱Eu正异常(δEu平均值为1.06);CIA和ICV值表明其经历了中等风化作用,成熟度较低,为近源沉积的产物;主、微量元素整体特点与大陆弧背景下的砂岩相似。研究表明,其物源区构造背景为南天山洋古生代的大陆岛弧,主要为长英质火山岩,少部分来自再旋回造山带。对喀拉治尔加组构造背景和物源的分析结果表明,南天山洋在晚石炭世已经闭合,中天山地块与塔里木陆块于早二叠世之后开始碰撞造山。     

白乃庙岛弧东段早古生代火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

白乃庙群岛弧火山岩分布于兴蒙造山带南缘,是古亚洲洋与华北板块之间早古生代俯冲作用的岩浆记录,但以往工 作多集中在西段而较少关注其东延部分。本文对白乃庙岛弧带东段新识别出的早古生代火山岩进行了系统研究,以完善对 古亚洲洋早古生代演化的认识。白乃庙岛弧东段火山岩包括中-基性及酸性两种岩石类型,火山岩均富Cs,Rb,Th,U, 亏损Nb,Ta 等高场强元素,轻稀土富集,具有变化的Eu 异常。地球化学数据显示中-基性火山岩来源于俯冲板片熔体交 代的地幔熔融,并可能有大洋沉积物的加入,而酸性岩浆则来源于流体交代的下地壳。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年表明, 酸性及中-基性火山岩形成年代分别为430.5 Ma 和417.6 Ma,前者产出于俯冲岛弧环境,后者则可能为造山后环境下形成 的滞后型弧岩浆岩。年龄数据对比显示东段火山岩的形成年代晚于西段的白乃庙群地层,同时构造变质程度也更低,两者 的这种差异反映了东西两侧地质演化历史的不同,即早古生代古亚洲洋自西向东逐渐关闭。     

内蒙古东乌旗狠麦温都尔花岗岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古东乌旗狠麦温都尔地区发育了大量的晚古生代花岗岩,主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明,二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩的成岩年龄分别为307.0±1.9 Ma和299.7±5.3 Ma,时代为晚石炭世—早二叠世。岩石地球化学特征显示,主要岩石的SiO2含量为65.65%~71.86%,具富碱(K2O+Na2O为9.59%~9.90%)、富钾(K2O/Na2O为1.00~1.73)的特点,准铝质(A/CNK为0.96~1.00),属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列;岩石富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,而亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等元素;稀土元素总量为82.60×10-6~177.58×10-6,(La/Yb)N为4.13~15.37,配分曲线模式略微右倾,δEu为0.44~0.87,中等-弱负铕异常,具岛弧或后碰撞高钾钙碱性花岗岩的特征,结合岩石具块状构造、晶洞构造特征显示为后碰撞花岗岩。综上所述,认为狠麦温都尔高钾钙碱性花岗岩可能为后碰撞早期伸展阶段的产物,与华北板块和西伯利亚板块碰撞作用有关,这一认识为兴蒙造山带晚古生代构造岩浆演化及古亚洲洋闭合的时限提供了新的约束。     

西秦岭天水阴崖沟早古生代草滩沟群火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

天水阴崖沟草滩沟群中发育有变质火山岩,其岩石类型主要为变玄武岩、变安山岩、变英安岩和变流纹岩;研究区变火山岩主体属于拉斑系列,其原始岩浆来源于富集地幔;变火山岩的微量元素特征表现为富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Ba、Th和U,而相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti和Y;微量元素构造环境判别显示其形成于俯冲消减带之上的岛弧环境;结合已有年代学资料,显示天水—武山洋在晚奥陶世已经存在并开始俯冲,形成阴崖沟草滩沟群岛弧火山岩;同时从岩石组成、形成时代及地球化学特征来看,阴崖沟草滩沟群火山岩与东秦岭丹凤岩群火山岩相似,这为确定天水一武山构造带是早古生代商丹古缝合带的西延部分提供了证据。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861