Mean ionospheric properties in winter at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica

ＭｅａｎｉｏｎｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｉｎｗｉｎｔｅｒａｔＺｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａTX＠刘顺林＠贺龙松＠刘瑞源ＭｅａｎｉｏｎｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｉｎｗｉｎｔｅｒａｔＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，Ａｎ...     

Preliminary result of imaging riometer at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ（７６°２２′Ｅ,６９°２２′Ｓ）ｏｆＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎａｎｉｄｅａｐｌａｃｅｆｏｒｏｂｓｅｒｖｉｎｇｓｏｌａｒ－ｔｅｒｅｓｔｒｉａｌｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ．ＡｔＺｈｏｎｇ...     

The observations on Polar Stratospheric Clouds at Zhongshan Station，Antarctica

ＴｈｅｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓｏｎＰｏｌａｒＳｔｒａｔｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＣｌｏｕｄｓａｔＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＳｕｎＪｉｎｈｕｉ（孙金辉）；ＸｉａＱｉｌｉｎ（夏其林）；ＱｉｕＪｉｎｈｕａｎ（邱金桓）ａｎｄＬｕＤａｒｅｎ（...     

南极中山站极区空间环境观测系统

中国南极中山站位于极隙区纬度,可以观测到丰富的日地能量传输过程的电离层征兆和极光现象,非常适合开展极区空间环境观测研究。自1989年开始建设以来,中山站极区空间环境观测系统经历了观测设备的不断完善和发展,现已建立了涵盖地面极光、电离层和地磁观测多要素、多手段的自主观测体系,实现了极区空间环境的连续监测并建立了数据库。所有观测设备的运行状态可实时监控,地磁、宇宙噪声吸收等数据实现了准实时远程传输。最后展望中国极区空间环境观测研究的发展前景。     

The auroral occurrence over Zhongshan Station, Antarctica

The auroral data observed by all sky TV camera during 1995 and 1997 at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica are used to analyze the statistic characteristics of the aurora over Zhongshan Station. Around postnoon (1200 - 1600UT ) and midnight (2000 - 0100 UT ), the aurora appears more frequently and stronger than those in evening (1600- 2000UT ). The corona type auroras mainly occur at poleward and overhead of Zhongshan Station during postnoon and around midnight. The hand type auroras mainly appear during postnoon. while during evening and around midnight only appear at equatorward. The active surges mostly appear around midnight,while the transpolar arcs mainly occur after midnight. Except for the transpolar arcs. the occurrences of the other three type auroras are related with Kp index. Usually Zhongshan Station enters the auroral oval at postnoon,the exact time depends on Kp index.     

The high-latitude ionospheric phenomena observed by DPS-4 at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica

Ionograms, which were obtained from February 1995 to January 1999 by a Digisonde Portable Sounder-4 (DPS-4) at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica, have been scaled. The ionograms interpretation has shown various ionosphcric phcnomena occurred in the cusp region. They are particle precipitation effects in the E region. F region magnetic noon phenomena, slant Es phenomena and lacuna. F layer irregularity zone (FLIZ) phenomena, and auroral oval identification. Typical examples of ionograms and ionogram sequences observed at Zhongshan Station are displayed in this paper.     

Summer fast ice evolution off Zhongshan Station,Antarctica

Based on the field data acquired in the program of fast ice observation off Zhongshan Station,Prydz Bay,East Antarctica during the austral summer 2005/ 2006,physical properties evolution of fast ice during the ice ablation season is ana- lyzed in detail.Results show that the annual maximum ice thickness in 2005 occurred in later November,and then ice started to melt,and the ablation duration was 62 days;sea water under the ice became warmer synchronously;corresponding to the warming sea ice temperature,a"relative cold mid-layer"appeared in sea ice;the fast ice marginal line recoiled back to the shore observably,and the recoil distance was 20.9 km from 18 December 2005 through 14 January 2006.In addition,based on the data of sea ice thickness survey along the investigation course of MV Xuelong on December 18 of 2005,the ice thickness distribution paten in the marginal ice zone have been described:sea ice thickness increased,but the diversity of floe ice thick- ness decreased from open water to fast ice zone distinctly.     

The characteristics of Pi2 pulsations at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica

In this paper Pi2 pulsations at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica are analyzed from October 1 - 31, 1996. Their characteristics e. g. occurrence frequency,frequency, and polarization are studied. The characteristics of Pi2 pulsations are summerized as follows: (1 ) Pi2 pulsations at Zhongshan Station usually take place from 2000 MLT to 0200 MLT; the main frequencies are between 6. 79 mHz and 13. 58mHZ; (2 ) Pi2 pulsations with low frequencies are dominent. The range of main frequencies becomes narrow at midnight; (3) The Polarization of Pi2 pulsations are almost linear; (4) About the orientation of major axes the NW-SE direction is dominent before 2200 MLT and NE-SW is dominent after 2200 MLT. The generation mechanism of Pi2 pulsations at Zhongshan Station is discussed theoretically.     

Polarization characteristics of Pc3 pulsations at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica

In this paper the data of geomagnetic pulsations at Zhongshan Station from February 3 to Novernber 30 in 1996 are analyzed in ordcr to study polarization characteristics of Zhongshan Station Pc3 pulsations which comprises the cusp Pc3 pulsation and the nightside Pc3 pulsation. For the cusp Pc3 pulsation. the right-handed polarization is always dominant. But their orientation of major axes of polarizations changes with season, NW-SE is dominant in summer and NE-SW in winter. For the nightside Pc3 pulsation,the right-handed with NE-SW is always dominant before midnight. But the left-handed with the mixing orientation of major axes is dominant in summer and the NE-SW with the mixing polarization sense is dominant in winter after midnight. It means that the two types of Zongshan Station Pc3 pulsations have different sources.     

Seasonal characteristics of F region in lower solar activity period at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica

Based on data of Digisonde Portable Sounder-4 (DPS-4 ) in 1995 -1997. we have analyzed the seasonal variations of F region at Zhongshan Station (69. 4°S,76. 4°E ). During the summer of Zhongshan Station, F region ionization is mainly controlled by the solar ultraviolet radiation. Similar to the phenomena in mid-latitude area, the value f0F2 is changed with local time. During equinox scasons, soft electron precipitation from the cusp/cleft region seems significant, f0F2 is changed with rnagnetic local time, and shows the magnetic noon phenomenon. In winter. the effect of the solar radiation on the F region is less than that of summer. Instead, F region is affected by particle precipitation from cusp/cleft region as well as polar plasma convection, there fore, the diurnal variation of f0F2 is more complex and shows two peaks. F region occurs all day in summer. and seldom appears at midnight in equinox.In winter, F region shows two minimums, one is at midnight and the other is at afternoon cusp. Further analysis of the F region spread indicates that in winter the aurora oval passes over the Zhongshan Station is at 1100 UT - 1500 UT.     

An unidentified geophysical event recorded with L&R-ET gravity meter at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica

ＡｎｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｇｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｅｖｅｎｔｒｅｃｏｒｄｅｄｉｔｈＬ＆Ｒ－ＥＴｇｒａｖｉｔｙｍｅｔｅｒａｔＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａTX＠郝晓光Ａｎｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｇｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｅｖｅｎｔｒｅｃｏｒ...     

Magnetotelluric sounding study in the region of Zhongshan Station，East Antarctica

ＭａｇｎｅｔｏｔｅｌｌｕｒｉｃｓｏｕｎｄｉｎｇｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＥａｓｔＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＫｏｎｇＸｉａｎｇｒｕ（孔祥儒）ａｎｄＺｈａｎｇＪｉａｎｊｕｎ（张建军）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈ...     

Comparison of temperature extremes between Zhongshan Station and Great Wall Station in Antarctica

Although temperature extremes have led to more and more disasters, there are as yet few studies on the extremes and many disagreements on temperature changes in Antarctica. Based on daily minimum, maximum, and mean air temperatures(Tmin, Tmax, Tmean) at Great Wall Station(GW) and Zhongshan Station(ZS), we compared the temperature extremes and revealed a strong warming trend in Tmin, a slight warming trend in Tmean, cooling in Tmax, a decreasing trend in the daily temperature range, and the typical characteristic of coreless winter temperature. There are different seasonal variabilities, with the least in summer. The continentality index and seasonality show that the marine air mass has more effect on GW than ZS. Following the terminology of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC AR5), we defined nine indices of temperature extremes, based on the Antarctic geographical environment. Extreme-warm days have decreased, while extreme-warm nights have shown a nonsignificant trend. The number of melting days has increased at GW, while little change at ZS. More importantly, we have found inverse variations in temperature patterns between the two stations, which need further investigation into the dynamics of climate change in Antarctica.     

Intensity variations of the postnoon auroral bright spots observed at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica on August 8, 1999

In this paper we use the high speed multi channel meridian scanning photometer data and all sky TV camera images to analyze the intensity variations of the postnoon auroral bright sports of 557.7 nm and 630.0 nm emissions. Several results can be obtained from this paper. (1) Bright spots are rather transient features lasting typically for only a few minutes. (2) The intensity of the postnoon bright spots of 557.7 nm emissions can surpass 11 kR. The occurrence of the bright spots seems rather frequent. (3) The ratios of I(427.8)/I(630.0) and I(427.8)/I(557.7) during the bright spots occurring time show a positive peak and negative peak respectively. It qualitatively indicates that the average precipitating electron energies along the meridianal scan above Zhongshan Station increased as the bright spot appeared. And the intensification of the spot mainly was caused by the increasing of high energy (3 10 keV) flux. (4) Usually the bright spots are accompanied with the magnetic pulsation and the occurrence of multi band arcs.     

A study on nano－ and microdiatoms in the intertidal zones of Zhongshan Station，Antarctica

Ａｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｎａｎｏ－ａｎｄｍｉｃｒｏｄｉａｔｏｍｓｉｎｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｔｉｄａｌｚｏｎｅｓｏｆＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＺｈｕＧｅｎｈａｉ（朱根海）；ＬｕＤｏｕｄｉｎｇ（陆斗定）ａｎｄＷａｎｇＺｉｐａｎ（王自磐）（Ｓ...     

Atmospheric boundary layer structure and turbulent flux transfer over the Zhongshan Station area,Antarctica

ＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｌａｙｅｒｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄｔｕｂｕｌｅｎｔｆｌｕｘｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｏｖｅｒｔｈｅＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎａｒｅａ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａTX＠曲绍厚＠高登义＠邹捍Ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｌａｙ...     

Tidal gravity variations revisited at Vostok Station, Antarctica

In 1969, prior to the discovery of the subglacial Lake Vostok, an Askania Gs-11 gravimeter was operated at Vostok Station (78.466°S, 106.832°E; 3478 m asl) to observe tidal gravity variations. To gain a better understanding of the lake's tidal dynamics, we reanalyzed these data using a Bayesian Tidal Analysis Program Grouping method (BAYTAP-G and -L programs). The obtained phase leads for the semidiurnal waves M2 (6.6 ± 2.1°) and S2 (10.1 ± 4.2°) are more pronounced than those of the diurnal waves, among which the largest phase lead (for K1) was 5.0 ± 0.5°. The obtained δ factor for M2 was 0.890 ± 0.032, significantly less than the theoretical value of 1.16. For three global ocean tide models (NAO99b, FES2004, and TPXO6.2), the estimated load tides on waves Q1, O1, P1, K1, M2, and S2 range from 0.1–0.2 μGal (Q1 and S2) to 0.6–0.7 μGal (K1). The difference in amplitude among the three models is less than 0.14 μGal (M2), and the difference in phase is generally less than 10°. In calculating the residual tide vectors using the ocean models, the TPXO6.2 model generally gave the smallest residual amplitudes. Our result for the K1 wave was anomalously large (1.36 ± 0.25 μGal), while that for the M2 wave was sufficiently small (0.37 ± 0.17 μGal). The associated uncertainty is half that reported in previous studies. It is interesting that the residual K1 tide is approximately 90° phase-leaded, while the M2 tide is approximately 180° phase-leaded (delayed). Importantly, a similar reanalysis of data collected at Asuka Station (71.5°S, 24.1°E) gave residual tides within 0.2–0.3 μGal for all major diurnal and semidiurnal waves, including the K1 wave. Therefore, the anomalous K1 residual tide observed at Vostok Station must be linked to the existence of the subglacial lake and the nature of solid–ice–water dynamics in the region.     

The digital mapping produced with satellite image of the Zhongshan Station area in Antarctica

ＴｈｅｄｉｇｉｔａｌｍａｐｐｉｎｇｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｗｉｔｈｓａｔｅｌｌｉｔｅｉｍａｇｅｏｆｔｈｅＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎａｒｅａｉｎＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＳｕｎＪｉａｂｉｎｇ（孙家）ａｎｄＧａｎＸｉｎｚｈｅｎｇ（甘信铮）（ＷｕｈａｎＴｅｃｈｎｉ...     

南极拉斯曼丘陵中山站地区Rb含量初步调查

利用手持快速矿石分析仪(NITON XL3t-500S GOLDD)对拉斯曼丘陵中山站附近出露的基岩进行测试, 初步调查结果显示该地区有明显的Rb元素富集。测试了17个样品, 其中12个的Rb含量达到了0.04%, 1个样品的Rb含量达到0.1%以上。分析测试样品特征, 并结合拉斯曼丘陵地质特征发现, 拉斯曼丘陵地区Rb的富集与含黑云母的泛非期伟晶岩墙关系密切, 而且粒度越大Rb含量越高, 类比推测该区域Rb元素富集潜力巨大, 有必要继续开展相应的地质调查工作, 进一步探讨其富集成因和规律。