BJS54测绘成果到CGCS2000的改正分析

2000中国大地坐标系(CGCS2000)是我国新启用的地心坐标系。采用七参数转换模型且计算区域内使用一套转换参数计算了1954北京坐标系(B JS54)下的经纬度坐标以及高斯平面坐标转换到2000中国大地坐标系(CGCS2000)的改正量,分析了这些改变量所对应的变化趋势以及对旧地形图的影响,提出了对纸质地形图和数字地形图的改正方法。垂线偏差和高程异常的改正量也进行了计算和分析。     

BJS54测绘成果到CGCS2000的改正分析

2000中国大地坐标系(CGCS2000)是我国新启用的地心坐标系.采用七参数转换模型且计算区域内使用一套转换参数计算了1954北京坐标系(BJS54)下的经纬度坐标以及高斯平面坐标转换到2000中国大地坐标系(CGCS2000)的改正量,分析了这些改变量所对应的变化趋势以及对旧地形图的影响,提出了对纸质地形图和数字地形图的改正方法.垂线偏差和高程异常的改正量也进行了计算和分析.     

基于PPP的CGCS2000坐标计算方法研究

当前基于精密单点定位（PPP）方法获得的坐标是基于ITRF框架下表示的,而CGCS2000坐标系是我国建立并大力推广的全球地心坐标系,很多测绘成果最终都需要转换到CGCS2000系下。本文对ITRF与CGCS2000坐标转换方法进行了研究,并以广西CORS站PPP定位结果为例,验证了转换方法的可行性及正确性。     

浅谈地球坐标系及2000国家大地坐标系

介绍了地球坐标参考系统和国际地球参考系及参考框架;阐述了2000国家大地坐标系,指出2000国家大地坐标系可按精度划分为国家级连续运行基准站、GPSA、B级网、天文大地网三个层次。     

辽宁省2000国家大地坐标框架的建立

2000国家大地坐标系是我国自主建立、适应现代空间技术发展趋势的地心坐标系。辽宁省2000国家大地坐标框架的建立,可以实现与国家现代测绘基准体系的无缝对接,对测绘事业的发展和基于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)技术的高精度位置服务产生重大影响和作用。本文主要讲述了辽宁省2000国家大地坐标框架建设取得的进展,介绍了坐标框架建立过程中的关键技术应用以及对辽宁省测绘基准体系建设和测绘科技发展的推动作用。     

北京市WGS-84与CGCS2000坐标转换精度研究

面对北京市地理信息建设需求和测绘基准不统一的问题,首先收集北京市15个基准站2020年的世界大地测量系（WGS-84）坐标和2000国家大地坐标系（CGCS2000）坐标,再通过分析和研究空间基准框架的差异性,建立二者的对应转换关系,编写WGS-84与CGCS2000转换软件。实验结果表明,基于布尔沙模型的方法进行坐标转换,北京市域转换精度为20 mm左右,符合北京市基本测量坐标转换的要求。     

WGS-84(G1674)与CGCS2000坐标转换研究

简要介绍了WGS-84(G1674)与2000国家大地坐标系(CGCS2000)的背景,说明两者之间进行坐标转换的必要性,举例说明了坐标转换模型及可行的模型参数求解策略,最后评定了可达到的转换精度。     

基于速度场模型的区域CGCS2000坐标实时转换

从WGS84到CGCS2000的坐标转换,涉及坐标框架转换和历元转换两个问题.如何提高大区域坐标转换精度,是一直以来的研究热点,针对大区域坐标转换精度较低的问题,考虑历元转换,提出融合速度场改正信息的坐标转换方法.该方法对建立速度场改正模型进行了研究,分析比较了各模型的精度和可靠性,在此基础上选择一种模型用于实现CGC...     

基于新参考系的极移改正

本文利用IAU2000决议中关于CIP的定义阐述了极移坐标系和极移坐标的定义,在总结微分旋转矩阵的性质的基础上给出了极移旋转矩阵的详细推导,结合极移产生的主要原因,详细介绍了目前国际上关于极移模型化工作的最新进展,最后给出了获取极移坐标和TIO位置的方法和途径。     

我国常用地心坐标系的现状与发展

针对我国常用地心坐标系CGCS2000、北斗坐标系(BDCS)和WGS-84坐标系的现状,对三种坐标系之前的联系与区别进行了辨析,指出了各自存在的问题与局限性,并参考国外经验,对我国的CGCS2000坐标系和BDCS坐标系的进一步发展提出了建议.?CTRF2000建立至今已超过20年,不具备现势性,更适用于要求统一性和...     

上海VLBI站相对于欧亚板块运动的测定与讨论

利用 1 988～ 1 996年共 8年的上海天文台 VLBI站与国际 VLBI站基线长度变化的精确测定结果 ,重新估计了上海 VL BI站的形变速率 ,证实了基于不同地球参考架系统对估计的上海站的运动有明显差异 ;基于最新的 ITRF96地球参考架和 Sillard等 (1 998)欧亚板块的欧拉矢量 ,估计得到上海站的地壳垂直形变速率为 -1 .95± 1 .0 2 mm/a呈下降趋势 ,水平形变速率为 1 3.5 5± 1 .2 0 mm/a,方位 77.5°± 4.5°;估计得到乌鲁木齐 VL BI站的地壳垂直形变速率为 -6 .0 8± 2 .77mm/a呈下降趋势 ,水平形变速率为 2 1 .87± 2 .5 2 mm/a,方位 45 .5°±6 .6°;进一步分别基于 NNR-NUVEL -1 A地球板块运动模型和 Zhang等 (1 999)的欧亚板块的欧拉矢量 ,得到与上述较一致的结果     

Effect of the selection of reference radio sources on geodetic estimates from VLBI observations

This paper evaluates the effect of the accuracy of reference radio sources on the daily estimates of station positions, nutation angle offsets, and the estimated site coordinates determined by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which are used for the realization of the international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF). Five global VLBI solutions, based on VLBI data collected between 1979 and 2006, are compared. The reference solution comprises all observed radio sources, which are treated as global parameters. Four other solutions, comprising different sub-sets of radio sources, were computed. The daily station positions for all VLBI sites and the corrections to the nutation offset angles were estimated for these five solutions. The solution statistics are mainly affected by the positional instabilities of reference radio sources, whereas the instabilities of geodetic and astrometric time-series are caused by an insufficient number of observed reference radio sources. A mean offset of the three positional components (Up, North, East) between any two solutions was calculated for each VLBI site. From a comparison of the geodetic results, no significant discrepancies between the respective geodetic solutions for all VLBI sites in the Northern Hemisphere were found. In contrast, the Southern Hemisphere sites were more sensitive to the selected set of reference radio sources. The largest estimated mean offset of the vertical component between two solutions for the Australian VLBI site at Hobart was 4 mm. In the worst case (if a weak VLBI network observed a limited number of reference radio sources) the daily offsets of the estimated height component at Hobart exceeded 100 mm. The exclusion of the extended radio sources from the list of reference sources improved the solution statistics and made the geodetic and astrometric time-series more consistent. The problem with the large Hobart height component offset is magnified by a comparatively small number of observations due to the low slewing rate of the VLBI dish (1°/ s). Unless a minimum of 200 scans are performed per 24-h VLBI experiment, the daily vertical positions at Hobart do not achieve 10 mm accuracy. Improving the slew rate at Hobart and/or having an increased number of new sites in the Southern Hemisphere is essential for further improvement of geodetic VLBI results for Southern Hemisphere sites.     

利用空间大地测量数据探测地球膨胀效应

地球自转服务局(IERS)采用多种高精度的空间探测技术综合解算得到的国际地球参考框架(ITRF)是国际上公认的精度高、稳定性好的参考框架。为了研究地球的膨胀或收缩效应,本文采用ITRF2000的站坐标和速度,利用Delaunay算法生成的三角网逼近地球形体,计算出了地球的体积变化。     

Assessment of the possible contribution of space ties on-board GNSS satellites to the terrestrial reference frame

The realization of the international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF) is currently based on the data provided by four space geodetic techniques. The accuracy of the different technique-dependent materializations of the frame physical parameters (origin and scale) varies according to the nature of the relevant observables and to the impact of technique-specific errors. A reliable computation of the ITRF requires combining the different inputs, so that the strengths of each technique can compensate for the weaknesses of the others. This combination, however, can only be performed providing some additional information which allows tying together the independent technique networks. At present, the links used for that purpose are topometric surveys (local/terrestrial ties) available at ITRF sites hosting instruments of different techniques. In principle, a possible alternative could be offered by spacecrafts accommodating the positioning payloads of multiple geodetic techniques realizing their co-location in orbit (space ties). In this paper, the GNSS–SLR space ties on-board GPS and GLONASS satellites are thoroughly examined in the framework of global reference frame computations. The investigation focuses on the quality of the realized physical frame parameters. According to the achieved results, the space ties on-board GNSS satellites cannot, at present, substitute terrestrial ties in the computation of the ITRF. The study is completed by a series of synthetic simulations investigating the impact that substantial improvements in the volume and quality of SLR observations to GNSS satellites would have on the precision of the GNSS frame parameters.     

Defining a DORIS core network for Jason-1 precise orbit determination based on ITRF2000: methods and realization

In view of the future adoption of the new precise orbit determination (POD) standards for the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 satellites, we propose a method to evaluate terrestrial reference frames for POD. We applied this method to the ITRF2000 realization of the DORIS network using local geodetic ties, plate motion models, the recent DORIS IGN04D02 cumulative solution and DORIS weekly time-series of coordinates. We propose to adopt a selection of the ITRF2000 realization based on specific criteria that we define here, and to extend it with ground stations for which we propose new coordinates and velocities. Only 13 out of 131 stations were considered to be inappropriate for POD activities. The result is a robust and well-distributed DORIS core network of 118 stations (DPOD2000) suitable for POD during the 1993–2008 period considered here.     

利用SLR与伪距资料综合定轨

以GPS伪距为观测量对GPS35卫星进行定轨 ,然后将SLR与GPS伪距资料综合起来进行定轨 ,并将计算的轨道与IGS精密轨道进行了比较     

我国毫米级框架实现与维持发展现状和趋势

主要从技术实现和维持方面讨论了我国CGCS2000框架与当前ITRF框架的不同。随着空间技术的进步,特别是我国自主的北斗卫星第三代卫星将实现信号的全球覆盖,发展以北斗卫星为主的毫米级全球基准将是我国基准发展的未来目标。毫米级站点坐标涉及两个因素:一是地球质心变化反演;二是站点的非线性运动建模。本文就国际上采用的地心反演方法进行了讨论、分析、比较。非线性运动建模部分重点介绍了奇异谱非线性建模技术,此方法相比地球物理效应分析建模方法有很明显的优势,可为我国CGCS2000框架点非线性运动维持提供依据。     

The International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS): current capabilities and future prospects

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) plays a unique and fundamental role in the maintenance of the global (terrestrial and celestial) reference frames, which are required for precise positioning in many research areas such as the understanding and monitoring of global changes, and for space missions. The International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) coordinates the global VLBI components and resources on an international basis. The service is tasked by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and International Astronomical Union (IAU) to provide products for the realization of the Celestial Reference Frame (CRF) through the positions of quasars, to deliver products for the maintenance of the terrestrial reference frame (TRF), such as station positions and their changes with time, and to generate products describing the rotation and orientation of the Earth. In particular, VLBI uniquely provides direct observations of nutation parameters and of the time difference UT1-UTC. This paper summarizes the evolution and current status of the IVS. It points out the activities to improve further on the product quality to meet future service requirements.     

顾及时变的参考框架转换研究

在传统的大地坐标参考框架转换中,参考点都被固定在同一个历元。由于各种地球动力学现象的存在,以大地测量为目的的静态参考系统已不存在,同时随着高精度参考框架的连续观测和测定,参考框架的转化必须顾及时变性。本文讨论了时变参考框架转换中2个互逆的过程,采纳了相似转换中参考点之间的内在约束来克服转换中人为的公式简化和秩亏问题。通过数值计算分析,该方法成功实现了坐标框架之间的转换,并保持了尺度、旋转和平移参数及其变化率精度的独立性。     

ITRF2008与CGCS2000坐标系的转换

由于当前精密星历所对应解算的ITRF框架坐标为ITRF2008参考框架,而在1∶10 000基础测绘生产项目要求提供CGCS2000坐标系成果,论述了ITRF2008到CGCS2000间的框架转换的方法及转换后精度分析,并重点分析了转换的关键性问题。