1518年6月22日韩国首尔以西海域——南黄海大震

1518年6月22日韩国首尔以西海域——南黄海发生大震。地震波及朝鲜半岛全境,并在韩国首尔等沿海地区造成破坏,首尔的烈度为Ⅷ度,余震持续一个多月。地震还影响到中国东部地区。震级定为M7?级。此次地震可能与朝鲜半岛西缘断裂带（南黄海东缘断裂带）的活动有关。震中定于该断裂带附近（36.5°N,125.2°E）。     

北黄海重要历史地震参数复核

以文献记载资料和大连地震台的观测资料为主要依据,对1916年、1917年和1944年发生在北黄海鸭绿江口附近的3次重要地震参数进行复核确认,复核后的震中位于现代小地震活动相对密集的地段,且与大连台的观测结果更吻合.本文结果为合理识别发震构造和修订地震目录准备了条件.     

2002年7月23日南黄海4.9级地震概述

概述了2002年7月23日南黄海Ms4.9地震的地震参数、地震影响、地震应急、地震预测，以及震源区地质构造及历史地震等情况。     

1984-5-21南黄海M6.2级地震系列的震源电磁辐射临震前兆之记录图像及其分析

本文提供了1984年5月21日前后,南黄海M6．2及M6．1双主震及其前震、余震、邻震系列的“震源超极低频（0．3-3Hz）电磁辐射前兆”系列记录图（共11次地震的前兆）,并着重指出前兆记录中与地震三要素的预报直接相关的各种信息参数及其规律。     

1992年黄海5.3级地震

对黄海5.3级地震序列研究表明,该序列属于一个典型的主-余震型地震。震源机制解的结果表明,该区主压应力方向基本上和华北地区主压应力方向一致。通过对5.3级地震前区域地震活动分析结果说明,该地震是在区域地震活动中期异常背景的情况下发生的,即存在明显的地震活动增强和孕育空区。     

黄海和渤海海域地震空间分布的集群分析

本文依据中国大陆地震台网和朝鲜半岛地震台网记录及历史资料，获得了黄海和涝海海域的地震空间分布图像，采用集群分析法进行了地震分带，对１９６０～１９８４年地震资料的分析显示，存在３个大的地震带，第一条是北东走向，从中国苏北平原到朝鲜半岛中部；第二条是北西走向，从中国渤海到朝鲜半岛南部；第三条是北西向，从中国辽宁省西部到朝鲜平壤附近。大部分地震都落了这３个带中，地震强度低于大陆，显示出破碎的边缘盆地地壳     

Verification of Parameters of Major Historical Earthquakes in the North Yellow Sea

Based on existing historical data and observations from the Dalian seismic station,this paper rechecks the parameters of the three historical earthquakes of 1916,1917 and 1944 in the North Yellow Sea,near the Yalu River region.The results show that their relocated epicenters are located at contemporarily intense seismic active zones,consistent with the results derived from the data of the Dalian seismic station.The results are valuable in both revising earthquake catalogues and understanding the local background seismicity.     

黄海的地壳速度结构与中朝-扬子块体拼合边界

利用中国、韩国和ISC台站的地震走时数据反演了黄海地区的地壳P波速度结构,对比重力异常和断裂体系、Pn波速度及其各向异性,分析了不同地球物理异常的相互关系以及黄海东部和西部的结构差异,为厘定黄海东部断裂暨中朝—扬子块体的拼合边界提供了新的信息.反演结果表明,北黄海和南黄海西部具有沉积盆地的地壳结构特征,P波速度明显偏低且深度较大,说明盆地内部沉积层较厚、沉降幅度较大,以北黄海、南黄海海州湾和苏北—南黄盆地最为突出.南黄海中部、胶东半岛、辽东半岛和朝鲜半岛显示出构造隆起区的地壳速度特征,其中南黄海中部的高速异常具有北东方向的伸展痕迹,与胶东地区的区域构造走向趋于一致,但是与朝鲜半岛的高速异常并不相连,其间存在明显的分界.据此推测南黄海与朝鲜半岛之间可能存在一个近南北方向的深断裂——黄海东部断裂,至于该断裂是否可以作为中朝—扬子块体在海区的拼合边界,尚需获取黄海东部及朝鲜半岛更详细的相关资料提供依据.     

1999年台湾7.6级大震与江苏-南黄海地区中强震预测

分析讨论了台湾地区7级大震与本区中强震之间相关关系，指出1999年台湾7.6级大震后2－3年内，本区将有5－6级中强震发生。同时应用可公度模型和“带头地震”的异年倍九法联合对本区中强震发震时间进行分析预测。结论表明，该方法可以较好地应用于本区短临地震预报实践。     

2012年6月30日新源Ms6.6地震前后北天山泥火山及温泉的水化学变化

2012年6月30日新源-和静M_s6.6地震前后,新疆北天山地区的泥火山及温泉出现了明显的水化学异常。在地震前后4天内,采集了两批泥火山和温泉水样品,测定了泥火山和温泉水样的水化学参数。资料表明,泥火山喷溢水属于低温、弱碱性咸水或盐水,水化类型为CI-Na,来源于储存在封闭构造中并与干旱海相、河湖相沉围岩发生了漫长而复杂水岩作用的大气降水。温泉水为中温、弱碱性SO₄·CI-Na型淡水,形成于地表水沿断裂深循环过程中的水岩作用。安集海泥火山出现同震喷溢,震后泥水温度(T)、总矿化度(TDS)、K+、Na+及Ca2+大幅上升;独山子、白杨沟及AM02泥火山为震前喷溢,独山子、白杨沟泥火山表现为T.TDS、EC、Na+、CI的升高和K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺的降低;AM02泥火山K⁺、Mg⁺明显降低,Ca²⁺上升达223%。震后沙湾25号泉T降低7℃, TDS、电导率(EC)、K⁺、Na⁺、 Ca²⁺、 .Mg²⁺、CI^-及$SO_{4}^{2-}$升高。研究结果可用于北天山地区的地震趋势分析和改进利用各泥火山、温泉进行北天山地区地震活动性监测的水化学方法。     

2012年6月24日宁蒗—盐源5.7级地震的发震构造浅析

本文在分析2012年6月24日宁蒗—盐源5.7级地震的震源机制解、 余震特征、 震害分布基础上, 结合区域第四纪地层分布成因特征、 区域地质构造特征以及对三维卫星遥感影像进行断层地貌解译分析, 认为此次5.7级地震是北西向永宁断裂正断为主活动的结果。 该断裂在影像上线性延伸, 断层崖发育, 其晚第四纪活动性对建立区域新构造变形模式的意义有待进一步研究。     

The Southern Region of Peru Earthquake of June 23rd, 2001

The western border of South America is one of the most important seismogenic regions in the world. In this region the most damaging earthquake ever recorded occurred. In June 23rd, 2001, another very strong earthquake (Mw = 8.1–8.2) occurred and produced death and damages in the whole southern region of Peru. This earthquake was originated by a friction process between Nazca and South American plates and affected an area of about 300 km × 120 km defined by the distribution of more than 220 aftershocks recorded by a local seismic network that operated 20 days. The epicenter of the main shock was localized in the northwestern extremity of the aftershock area, which suggests that the rupture propagated towards the SE direction. The modeling of P-wave for teleseismic distances permitted to define a focal mechanism of reverse type with NW-SE oriented nodal planes and a possible fault plane moving beneath almost horizontally in NE direction. The source time function (STF) suggests a complex process of rupture during 85 sec with 2 successive sources. The second one of greater size, and located approximately 100–120 km toward the SE direction was estimated to have a rupture velocity of about 2 km/sec on a 28°-dipping plane to the SE (N135°). A second event happened 45 sec after the first one with an epicenter 130km farther to the SE and a complex STF. This event and the second source of the main shock caused a Tsunami with waves from 7 to 8 meters that propagated almost orthogonally to the coast line, by affecting mainly the Camaná area.Three of all the aftershocks presented magnitudes greater or equal to Mw = 6.6, two of them occurred in front of the cities of Ilo and Mollendo (June 26th and July 7th) with focal mechanisms similar to the main seismic event. The aftershock of July 5th shows a normal mechanism at a depth of 75 km, and is therefore most likely located within the subducting Nazca plate and not in the coupling. The aftershocks of June 26th (Mw = 6.6) and July 5th (Mw = 6.6) show simple short duration STF. The aftershock of July 7th (Mw = 7.5) with 27-second duration suggests a complex process of energy release with the possible occurrence of a secondary shock with lower focal depth and focal mechanism of inverse type with a great lateral component. Simple and composed focal mechanisms were elaborated for the aftershocks and all have similar characteristics to the main earthquake.The earthquake of June 23rd caused major damages in the whole southern Peru. The damage in towns of Arequipa, Moquegua allow to consider maximum intensities from 6 to 7 (MSK79). In Alto de la Alianza and Ciudad Nueva zones from Tacna, the maximum intensity was of 7⁻ (MSK79).     

2010年6月22日宁夏永宁4.5级地震预测回顾

本文从地震孕育背景、前兆异常时空演化的角度,较为系统地回顾分析了2010年6月22日宁夏永宁4.5级地震的前兆异常及宏观异常特征。通过对前兆异常分析,总结了对于此次地震前提出的短临预测依据,可对今后地震预测提供参考。     

Clustering Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Seismicity in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

According to tie records of seismic station networks of China's continent and Korea Peninsula and the historical data,the complete seismicity pattern was obtained for the first time.The seismic zoning was conducted by means of the cluster analysis method.The map's spatial distribution of seismicity from 1960 to 1994 shows that there are three strong seismic zones:the first one strikes in the NE direction,from the Jiangsu plain in China to the central Korean Peninsula; the second strikes in the NW direction,from the Bohai Sea,China to the southern Korean Peninsula; the third strikes in the NW direction,from the western Liaoning Province to Pyongyang.Most of earthquakes are located along these three zones,the seismic intensity is lower than that in the mainland,and exhibited the feature of fractured crust of a marginal sea basin.     

北黄海盆地烃渗漏蚀变带“磁亮点”的识别研究

北黄海盆地是我国近海海域尚未取得油气勘探突破的盆地之一.在海洋环境中应用海底油气藏的烃渗漏现象寻找油气有利区具有良好应用前景,为了给该区的含油气远景评价及下一步油气勘探缩小靶区提供地球物理依据,本文利用磁法这一经济、有效的油气渗漏异常地球物理判别手段,开展了识别海底烃渗漏引发磁异常的方法研究.给出一种根据“有导师”的模式识别技术,在充分利用磁异常多种数值特征及纹理特征的基础上,提取烃渗漏蚀变带磁异常的方法.通过已知约束信息（如见油井位等）的点、线、面三种基元及其邻近数据网格点组成基类,将其提取的模式或特征向量作为待识别异常匹配或学习的模板,利用加权欧氏距离函数计算待识别异常特征向量与模板向量之间的相似性,进行模式匹配,从而识别出与模板相似程度较高的异常.应用此方法圈定了北黄海盆地的烃渗漏“磁亮点”分布,从“磁亮点”异常区与中生代地层的分布以及地球化学异常（低层大气烃类检测和海底微生物异常）的对应情况来看,表明该识别方法是识别烃渗漏弱磁异常的一种有效手段.对研究区构造特征、磁异常及地球化学异常特征的综合分析表明,位于北黄海研究区东部和北部的“磁亮点”异常区可能是北黄海盆地较好的含油气远景区.     

2000年6月4日印度尼西亚苏门答腊南部 Ms 8.0地震的时空破裂过程

利用全球地震台网的长周期地震仪记录到的远震体波反演了 2 0 0 0年 6月 4日印度尼西亚苏门答腊南部MS8 0地震的时空破裂过程。从P波和S波提取的震源时间函数的方向性效应都清楚地表明 :走向为 199°的节面为断层面 ,地震是从东北向西南方向的单侧破裂。这次地震破裂持续了约 16s。破裂区长约 95km ,宽约 6 0km ,平均静态位错约 11m ,最大静态位错达2 7m。平均静态应力降约为 90MPa ,最大静态应力降达 2 2 0MPa。     

长江下游-南黄海地震带地震活动性研究

长江下游?南黄海地震带位于华北地震区东南部,带内地震主要受长江下游和南黄海海域内一系列断裂的控制,以中强地震活动为主,是地震活动较强的地区。本文充分利用了该带最新的区域地震台网资料,历史地震复核资料以及地震构造等资料,统计和计算了b值、V4和中小地震能量密度值,探讨了带内b值空间分布与历史强震、中小地震能量密度值空间分布的关系,进一步研究了长江下游?南黄海地震带的地震活动性特征。通过本文的研究,获得了长江下游?南黄海地震带的地震活动性参数,为概率危险性分析提供计算参数;探讨了该带未来百年地震发展趋势,初步判定了该带潜在地震危险区,为地震活动中长期预测提供参考依据和方法;其研究结果对地震区划、工程场地地震安全性评价、地震活动中长期预测均有重要意义。     

海南省南海地震监测和海啸预警服务

2004年底发生在印度洋的地震海啸造成的巨大灾难引起了人们广泛的关注。根据海南岛有仪器记录到地震海啸的事实,从构造角度讨论了海南岛未来遭受地震海啸袭击的可能性,强调了建立海南省南海地震监测和海啸预警系统的必要性和重要性,并提出了预警系统建设的初步设想。     

Fate of antibiotics during wastewater treatment and antibiotic distribution in the effluent-receiving waters of the Yellow Sea,northern China

Antibiotics including three β-lactams, two fluoroquinolones and two macrolides, which were the top seven most prescribed antibiotics in Dalian, China, were selected to investigate their occurrence in six municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their distribution in the effluent-receiving waters of the Yellow Sea. Four WWTPs employing different treatment technologies were selected to explore the mechanism of antibiotics elimination during wastewater treatment. Results showed that fluoroquinolones and macrolides were dominant species in both WWTPs effluents and the surveyed coastal waters. Biodegradation was the main pathway for β-lactams removal, however, primary treatment performed better than biological treatment for fluoroquinolones removal. Concentrations of macrolides increased dramatically after the biological treatment, which was probably due to the release of macrolides enclosed in feces particles. In the surveyed coastal waters, reduction of antibiotic concentration with distance was observed. Potential environmental risk caused by the occurrence of these antibiotics should be evaluated in future work.     

地震速度资料在北黄海盆地中的应用

概述了北黄海盆地的区域地质背景和速度分析的原理,通过对北黄海盆地速度谱的解释和计算,得到了层速度、平均速度、砂岩百分含量等信息,利用这些速度资料识别多次波、辨别坳陷区和隆起区,进行时深转换、构造分析以及岩性分析,为北黄海盆地地震资料解释、沉积相分析以及资源量计算提供可靠的依据。