单频GPS接收机用于城市地质灾害监测的试验分析

讨论单频GPS接收机用于变形监测的可能性,对试验数据进行分析,结论认为:在基线长度不大于10 km时,单频机可以达到毫米级的形变量精度.     

似单差法在三峡库区滑坡监测中的应用与分析

根据高精度GPS变形监测的特点，以监测网的首期观测成果为基础，建立了单历元解算监测点变形量的似单差模型，讨论了接收机天线相位中心偏差的改正方法。该模型避免了周跳的探测与修复，可适用于动态和静态两种监测模式、单频接收机。利用三峡库区的实测数据对模型的正确性进行了检验。     

三峡库区滑坡体变形监测的似单差方法与结果分析

根据高精度GPS变形监测的特点，以监测网的首期观测成果为基础，建立了单历元解算监测点变形量的似单差模型，讨论了接收机天线相位中心偏差的改正方法。该模型避免了周跳的探测与修复，可适用于动态、静态两种监测模式及单频接收机。利用三峡库区的实测数据对模型的正确性进行了检验。     

结构变形监测的单频GPS动态三差法

主要对监测GPS中的似单差和单历元方法不足进行分析,并且针对性的提出了大变形、快速监测的单频GPS动态三差法,单频GPS动态三差法能够通过连续跟踪历元实现建模,动态变形提取,且无整周模糊度,单频载波定位和伪距单点定位能够分别满足基线向量和基准点的精度要求,单频GPS动态三差法适用于大于半个波长的量测。     

网络系统

美国加州NavCom公司推出一种名为Safari网SR 71 0 0型系统。该系统可为用户建立专用的语音和数据网络,并可为基于定位信息的业务提供单频或双频接收机任选的GPS综合利用。该系统可用于车船调度管理、机械监控、车载系统安全状况监测、以及GPS/RTK改正。该系统工作在无需特许的ISM频带内。Safari网络可使单点配置与管理适用于整个网络。SR 71 0 0型系统支持各种单频GPS接收机,要想进一步提高精度,可采用NavCom公司生产的NCT 2 0 0 0D型双频接收机。据厂家报道,这种接收机可提供1cm的精度。该设备的尺寸为5 0×6 0 2×9 64英寸,…     

GPS测量在水库大坝变形中的应用与分析

介绍了水库大坝变形测量的精度要求，应用静态GPS接收机测量水库大坝变形监测基站网，对其精度与误差进行分析，并提出实现毫米级或亚毫米级GPS监测网的措施。     

GPS接收机性能之我见

对GPS接收机的硬件性能,软件功能,单频接收机与双频接收机,单星座接收机与双星座接收机,静／动态接收机与RTK接收机,部件的通用型与专用型,固定型接收机与升级型接收机及售后服务等问题用了扼要分析。     

专业测绘与工程测量

CH20052278三峡库区滑坡体变形监测的似单差方法与结果分析=Si milar Single-difference Methodology and Re-sults Analysis for Slop Objects Deformation Monitoring inThree Gorge Area/余学祥,吕伟才(安徽理工大学资源与环境工程系),徐绍铨(武汉大学测绘学院)∥武汉大学学报(信息科学版).-2005,30(5).-451~455根据高精度GPS变形监测的特点,以监测网的首期观测成果为基础,建立了单历元解算监测点变形量的似单差模型,讨论了接收机天线相位中心偏差的改正方法。该模型避免了周跳的探测与修复,可适用于动态、静态两种监测模式及单频…     

对GPS接收机性能之分析

本文对GPS接收机的硬件性能、软件功能、单频接收机、单星座接收机与双星座接收机、静／动态接收机与RTK接收机、部件的通用型与专用型、固定型接收机与升级型接收机及售后服务等问题作了扼要分析。     

基于单频GPS接收机实施短基线变形监测探讨

利用单频接收机和双频接收机对顺溪滑坡的监测点分别进行监测,结合全站仪测得的基准点相对监测点的基线长度对观测数据进行处理和分析,总结出对基线较短的控制网采用单频接收机进行监测可以得到采用双频接收机进行监测的效果,不仅节约工程成本,而且在进行周期性复测时操作方便。     

北斗/GPS抗差移动窗口定权位移探测

蠕变状态下Kalman定位精度通常与观测值方差有极大关系,BDS(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)/GPS组合观测值方差易受观测值权比精确度的影响。为了提高位移探测精度、缩短初始坐标收敛时间及降低监测成本,本文采用时钟同步双天线BDS/GPS接收机,在构建单频单差组合定位模型基础上,分别对GPS和BDS观测值等价权进行抗差处理,利用引入时间相关遗忘因子的Helmert方差估计,精确确定GPS与BDS观测值权比,最后通过实时更新观测值方差,实现扩展Kalman滤波的逐历元定位。试验结果表明,针对短基线(1km),BDS/GPS抗差精密定权Kalman方法可显著缩短初始坐标收敛时间,位移探测精度可达到亚毫米级,位移收敛速率与移动窗口参数基本成反比关系,适用于具有蠕变特征形变体的监测。     

Absolute Positioning with Single-Frequency GPS Receivers

The use of precise post-processed satellite orbits and satellite clock corrections in absolute positioning, using one GPS receiver only, has proven to be an accurate alternative to the more commonly used differential techniques for many applications in georeferencing. The absolute approach is capable of centimeter accuracy when using state-of-the-art, dual-frequency GPS receivers. When using observations from single-frequency receivers, however, the accuracy, especially in height, decreases. The obvious reason for this degradation in accuracy is the effect of unmodeled ionospheric delay. This paper discusses the availability of some empirical ionospheric models that are publicly available and quantifies their usefulness for absolute positioning using single-frequency GPS receivers. The Global Ionospheric Model supplied by International GPS Service (IGS) is the most accurate one and is recommended for absolute positioning using single-frequency GPS receivers. Using high-quality single-frequency observations, a horizontal epoch-to-epoch accuracy of better than 1 m and a vertical accuracy of approximately 1 m is demonstrated. ? 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

基于VB6的GPS数据实时通信

为了实现GPS测量数据的实时处理，更好地为各种自动化形变监测服务，必须首先解决GPS测量数据的实时传输问题。基于此，在研究VB6．0中MSCOMM控件属性及方法的基础上，通过编制串口通信程序，成功实现了GPS接收机与微机间的实时数据通信。     

GPS技术在大坝倾倒体水平位移监测中的应用

结合某大坝倾倒体水平位移监测项目,阐述了GPS变形监测网数据处理理论和实践,利用多期获得变形数据,对水库倾倒体监测体进行变形分析,得出了一些有益结论。     

Precision spacecraft navigation using a low-cost GPS receiver

Within the PROBA-2 microsatellite mission, a miniaturized single-frequency GPS receiver based on commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology is employed for onboard navigation and timing. A rapid electronic fuse protects against destructive single-event latch-ups (SEL) and enables a quasi-continuous receiver operation despite the inherent sensitivity to space radiation. While limited to single-frequency C/A-code tracking with a narrow-band frontend, the receiver is able to provide precision navigation services through processing of raw GPS measurements on ground as well as a built-in real-time navigation system. In both cases, ionospheric path delays are eliminated through a combination of L1 pseudorange and carrier phase measurements, which also offers a factor-of-two noise reduction relative to code-only processing. By comparison with satellite laser ranging (SLR) measurements, a 0.3-m (3D rms) accuracy is demonstrated for the PROBA-2 reduced dynamic orbit determinations using post-processed GPS orbit and clock products. Furthermore, the experimental onboard navigation system is shown to provide real-time position information with a 3D rms accuracy of about 1?m, which notably outperforms the specification of the Standard Positioning Service (SPS). In view of their lower hardware complexity, mass budget and power requirements as well as the reduced interference susceptibility, legacy C/A-code receivers can thus provide an attractive alternative to dual-frequency receivers even for demanding navigation applications in low Earth orbit.     

GPS动态监测数据优化分析及变形特征的提取

GPS变形监测系统中的监测点的观测资料是与时间有关的信号序列,本文研究应用小波分析优化流程,结合苏通大桥GPS变形监测系统获取的监测点数据序列进行分析。结果表明,选择合适的小波基函数,对数据信号进行小波分解与重构,可以有效地从受到强噪声干扰的监测数据序列中提取有用的特征信号,较好解决了传统处理技术对GPS动态观测数据去噪以及特征信息提取的局限性。     

基于GPS单频接收机的精密单点定位研究

介绍了利用单频GPS接收机进行精密单点定位的数学模型及解算方案,并采用选权拟合法得到比较准确的状态参数初值及其方差-协方差,加快了卡尔曼滤波的收敛。算例结果表明,利用精密卫星星历及卫星钟改正数并采用单频观测值,半个小时后的定位精度可达1~2分米的水平。     

GPS-based precise orbit determination of Low Earth Orbiters with limited resources

The combination of GPS measurements and high-fidelity dynamic models via a Kalman filter/smoother, known as the reduced dynamic technique, allows 3D positioning of Low Earth Orbiters to the sub-decimeter level. Such accuracies can only be achieved if the GPS data are nearly continuous, post-processed and a dual-frequency receiver is utilized. The focus of this study is to quantitatively analyze the degradations in position accuracy in the presence of various limitations or constraints, which can be brought on by mission hardware limitations, for example, on micro- or nanosatellites. The constraints explored in this study are as follows: the use of single-frequency data only; real-time processing; limited dynamic modeling due to computing capabilities; and non-continuous GPS receiver operation due to power limits. The experiments are conducted with 6-h data arcs for 7 separate days using data from the CHAllenging Mini-Satellite Payload. A 3D root mean square (rms) error of 15 cm is observed in the best-case solution, in which dual-frequency data are post-processed with all available data. Various levels of accuracy degradations are observed as constraints are placed on this best-case solution. The 3D rms error of the post-processed, single-frequency solution is 68 cm and 1.3 m for the real-time, dual-frequency solution. In very challenging environments, for example, with the receiver on for only 10 min of a 90-min orbit, the 3D rms increases to 350 m.     

基于EMD的桥梁GPS动态监测数据处理

采用GPS监测运营期大跨度桥梁时,受到交通载荷和观测噪声的影响,GPS监测序列中的振动信号(mm级)完全被湮没,如何从监测序列中提取桥梁变形信息及其振动特性是桥梁健康检测的重要内容。文中利用EMD方法对GPS监测序列进行处理,得到一定数量的本征模态函数(IMF),选取特定的IMF做信号重构和功率谱分析,得到桥梁变形信息和振动特性,相较于传统FFT方法,能准确识别结构振动频率,同时提取变形特征。