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新一代全空间信息系统提出了新的空间数据模型——多粒度时空对象模型,多粒度时空实体对象通过唯一实体标识、多元特征信息记录空间实体,能够较好地支持空间实体的空间和语义表达。矢量地图数据作为现有重要的基础地理空间数据,记录了地理实体具体属性和位置信息,为实体对象生成提供了强大的基础数据支持。本文提出了路网矢量地图数据生成实体道路对象的研究方法,通过地图数据特征分析、实体对象生成策略和关键技术研究、实体对象转换3个方面对矢量地图数据的实体对象生成展开研究,实验表明:本文提出的实体对象转换方法为矢量地图数据生成实体对象提供了一个可行的解决方案。 相似文献
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本文结合地理实体建设现状,明确了基础地理实体内容,提出了基于图元的地理对象实体化规则、地理实体图形规则、关于语义的地理实体标识码编码规则和地理实体的通用属性项等地理实体整合关键技术,设计了基础地理实体数据整合流程,并以城市道路与附属设施实体数据的整合与应用为例验证了整个技术路线。通过本文的案例介绍,城市地理信息系统项目建设中的数据整合提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2010,(8)
针对传统弧段-结点模型不能完整有效地表达道路网的几何与属性特征,提出了基于动态分段的道路网示意性地图综合模型。即按照道路网属性一致性、图形延续性等原则组织道路网路径实体,以完整路径线状实体为单元,采用基于路径的道路网图形简化、移位一体化处理方法,实现道路网地图快速示意化。实验对比分析结果表明,基于动态分段的道路网示意性地图表达更加清晰、有效。 相似文献
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目前,利用地理本体进行实体空间关系的表达与计算是地理信息领域的研究热点.针对这一热点,本文提出了基于地理本体空间特征的属性关系推理方法.首先,分析了空间关系计算的相关基础理论;其次,研究了基于OWL语言的地理本体空间关系表达方法;最后,以"山脉"为目标地理实体进行验证.实验表明:该方法能够有效提取地理实体的空间关系信息... 相似文献
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随着数字地图与地理信息服务的需求增长,快速高效的地图制图和地理信息更新技术需求迫切,协同制图是提高地图制图工作效率、快速更新地图和地理空间数据库的有效方法.针对基于空间数据库的地图编辑事务执行效率低、并发控制复杂、地图数据一致性维护困难的问题,提出一种利用地图文档模拟的地图编辑事务模型,它支持空间坐标、属性、几何、关系... 相似文献
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《测绘科学技术学报》2020,(1)
地理空间数据异构问题长期并将持续存在,作为克服语义异质的关键技术,地理类别概念之间的语义映射研究已经引起了广泛的关注。综合利用地理类别概念集的本体属性内涵、分类层次结构等语义信息,提出一种基于本体属性特征学习的地理要素分类语义映射方法。该方法将本体属性特征作为基础语义框架,建立地理类别概念的语义特征向量化描述,并提出一种新的层次编码机制来标识地理类别概念的分类状态;接着引入BP神经网络建立本体属性特征向量与概念分类状态之间的非线性关系,从而支持概念语义映射。通过两种不同地理信息标准下陆地水系要素概念的语义映射测试,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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系统回顾了地理信息系统产生以来地理信息内涵发展与拓展的主要历程,指出地理信息的定义一直是在"空间+属性"的地图信息基本框架下逐步扩展,其发展历程经历了地图GIS、语义GIS、时空GIS和大数据GIS 4个不同的阶段,但仍无法满足时空大数据的分析和应用需求。从地理学研究的对象和内容出发,对地理学所需要的"地理信息"的内涵和外延进行了系统的梳理总结,提出了涵盖"空间定位""语义描述""属性特征""几何形态""演化过程""要素相互关系"的地理信息六要素表达模型。在地理定律和地理规律的指导下,面向地理现象空间分布、时空格局、演化过程、相互作用机理的集成表达、系统分析和高效管理,设计了六要素集成表达的几何代数统一GIS数据模型、地理规律与相互作用驱动的新型GIS数据结构、非结构化时空数据组织与存储等关键技术,为测绘地理信息走向地理科学信息提供了另一个理论基础与技术方法支撑,有助于提升GIS对地理格局、演化过程和要素相互作用等地理规律的组织、管理、表达和分析能力。 相似文献
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The ability to visualize location and time information on satellite‐generated maps using geographic information systems (GIS) such as Google Earth has enabled researchers with limited mapping expertise to use GIS for a wide range of applications. GIS holds special benefits for research in historical geography involving visualization of events and time‐based changes in geographical information. This article describes a Microsoft Excel VBA application which automatically converts information contained in a Microsoft Excel workbook into a.kml (Keyhole Markup Language) file suitable for display by mapping systems such as Google Earth. The application requires no knowledge of KML or Excel VBA. An example illustrates how the application can be used to trace the Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe. 相似文献
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An enterprise GIS data model was developed for use in public gardens, which includes botanical gardens, arboreta, and zoos. The data model defines the representation of geographical phenomena, the attributes of each feature, and the relationships between them in order to support information management and analysis within public gardens. The data model was developed using a three‐stage process consisting of conceptual, logical, and physical design, each guided by stakeholder workshops and software testing. The data model includes the attributes of features necessary to create collection maps and perform collection analysis, and is designed to link to existing plant and animal records management systems (BG‐BASE and ZIMS) through a common key. The Public Garden Data Model consists of three modules (Base Map, Facilities and Infrastructure, and Basic Plant Records), unified into one comprehensive spatial data model for public gardens, and contains 59 feature classes and tables connected by 49 relationship classes. 相似文献
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Many organisations are today working at establishing information systems and quite a few exist already. When it comes to geographical information systems (GIS), the geographical reference will soon be solved. All new mapping in Denmark is digital and in 1992–93 the country will have complete coverage. In addition, many public registers are already computerised. A lot of other information sources, like utility networks, are still to be converted. As these developments are in the hands of many different organisations, both private and governmental, this paper will deal with the efforts made to co-ordinate various activities in a strongly competitive world. As there is a distinct difference between large scale and small scale GIS activities, this paper will deal mainly with large scale GIS, as should be the case when considering GIS and photogrammetry. 相似文献
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Isi A. Ikhuoria 《Transactions in GIS》1999,3(4):343-358
The provision of geographical information systems (GIS), particularly as an integrator of digital cartographic principles, in West Africa is evaluated by examining the professionalism and manpower issues, trends of cartographic and GIS education and training, usage of modern technology and dissemination of spatial information as well as in terms of the level of regional co-operation. The analysis shows that there is potential for the rapid growth and recognition of the disciplinary and societal relevance of GIS in West Africa. This is indicated by the cartography, remote sensing, and GIS programmes being established in Nigerian and Ghanaian tertiary institutions, as well as the changes from analogue to digital mapping procedures in the public and petroleum oil organisations. 相似文献
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《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):264-279
This paper presents a semi-automated GIS model for extracting structural information from a spaceborne imaging spectroscopy classification of sedimentary rocks by combining the IS classification with a digital terrain model. The output consists of a database with structural attributes, specifically the dip and strike, of the geological layers. The model was evaluated statistically for its accuracy with promising results, which demonstrate its potential to support field surveys, for geological mapping, for 3D modeling of the subsurface, and for geological spatial analysis. 相似文献