中国热带珊瑚礁的第四纪气候记录

The coral reef in China’s tropics can be divided into three regions, namely, the South China Sea Islands, Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula as well as Taiwan Island. There are 34 islands of coral reef which are named in the South China Sea Islands …     

2007年海峡两岸地理学家大会在台湾举行(英文)

The 2007 Cross-Strait Geographical Conference was held at Kaohsiung Normal University in Taiwan,China on April 28-29,2007.A total of some 120 geographical researchers from     

第30届国际地理大会在英国格拉斯哥市召开

The 30th International Geographical Congress (IGC) was held on August 16-20 in Glasgow, the United Kingdom. Approximately 2000 geographers from more than 80 countries and regions participated in the IGC. The Geographical Society of China (GSC) attended the conference with a 60-odd-number delegation from Chinese mainland. Nearly 20 geographers from Taiwan and Kong Kong, as well as overseas Chinese attendees took part in the IGC.     

Problems and countermeasures of sustainable development in Fujian Province in the new century

1 IntroductionFujian province is one of the coastal provinces in Southeast China with superior location, abundant natural resources, vast mountain area, but less land to support a big population. Thanks to the location near Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao, and the situation connecting the relatively developed regions of the Yangtse delta and the Zhujiang delta, and owing to the exertion of advantageous geo-location and overseas blood relations, the export-oriented open economy developed very fa…     

"地理学发展与应用——30年回顾与展望"国际学术论坛在广州召开

International Forum on Development and Application of Geographical Sciences: A Retrospect for the Past Three Decades and Prospect was held in Guangzhou University on 19-22, December, 2008. It was sponsored by Guangzhou University, The Geographical Society of China, and Guangdong Geographical Society. More than 200 geographers and graduate students participated in this forum from more than 140 institutions throughout the world, including USA, UK, Australia and across the Taiwan Straits.     

The 30th International Geographical Congress 16-20 August, Glasgow, UK

The 30th International Geographical Congress (IGC) was held on August 16-20 in Glasgow, the United Kingdom. Approximately 2000 geographers from more than 80 countries and regions participated in the IGC. The Geographical Society of China (GSC) attended the conference with a 60-odd-number delegation from Chinese mainland. Nearly 20 geographers from Taiwan and Kong Kong, as well as overseas Chinese attendees took part in the IGC.Professor Ken Gregory, chair of the IGC 2004 from the …     

中国热带气旋潜在影响力指数分析(英文)

Tropical cyclone,a high energy destructive meteorological system with heavy rainfall and gale triggered massive landslides and windstorms,poses a significant threat to coastal areas.In this paper we have developed a Tropical Cyclone Potential Impact Index (TCPI) based on the air mass trajectories,disaster information,intensity,duration,and frequency of tropical cyclones.We analyzed the spatial pattern and interannual variation of the TCPI over the period 1949-2009,and taking the Super Typhoon Saomai as an example have examined the relationship between the TCPI and direct economic losses,total rainfall,and maximum wind speed.The results reveal that China’s TCPI appears to be a weak decreasing trend over the period,which is not significant overall,but significant in some periods.Over the past 20 years,the TCPI decreased in the southern China coastal provinces of Hainan,Guangdong and Guangxi,while it increased in the southeastern coastal provinces of Zhejiang,Fujian and Taiwan.The highest values of TCPI are mainly observed in Taiwan,Hainan,the coastal areas of Guangdong and Fujian and Zhejiang’s southern coast.The TCPI has a good correlation (P=0.01) with direct economic loss,rainfall,and maximum wind speed.     

中国地理学会2008学术年会在长春召开

The 2008 Annual Meeting of the Geographical Society of China （GSC） was held on July 13-15 in Changchun, Jilin Province of Northeast China. A total of over 1000 geographical researchers and educators from Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Australia participated in this meeting. More than 400 papers were submitted and discussed during this academic meeting. This meeting was co-sponsored by the GSC, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology （NEIGAE） under the CAS, Northeast Normal University, and Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research （IGSNRR） under the CAS. As an important part of the 2008 annual meeting, the 3rd Annual Academic Conference on Geography for Postgraduates was given a response from more than 200 postgraduates in universities and academic institutions.     

闽台建设用地变化与工业化耦合的对比

Comparative study of LUCC between Fujian and Taiwan provinces could be a good case for study because of their geographical proximities and historical, cultural similarities. Fujian and Taiwan had gone through and currently are in different economic development stages. Taiwan is in the stage of post-industrialization and Fujian is in the intermediate stage of industrialization. By using the official statistics, changes of built-land in Fujian and Taiwan were analyzed in details. The results showed that these two provinces seemed to have the same characteristics of built-land changes, i.e., accelerating development, and concentrated distribution on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, forming a pattern with the economic layout of two sides acting in cooperation with eath other. If comparing different industrialized areas in Fujian with industrialized stages in Taiwan, it is clear that these two provinces seemed to have the same characteristics of synthesized index of built-land change (Lc), i.e., which is from stabilization or comparative stabilization at the initial stages of industrialization to high ex- pansion at the intermediate stages of industrialization, then followed by low consumption at later stages of industrialization, but the Lc of the initial and the later stages of industrialization in Taiwan were slightly higher than those in Fujian. The results from comparison on relevant indexes have shown: The industrial structure changing rate of Fujian is actually higher than that of built-land in Taiwan, but its using efficiency of regional built-land is also obviously lower than that in Taiwan in the intermediate and later stages of industrialization of Fujian. The major driving forces of the built-land changes in both provinces were analyzed in Causal Models of Path Analysis, and its result indicated that the difference in built-land changes of the two provinces is closely related to their economic development stages and industrial structure. Countermeasure for the realization of sustainable utilization of built-land in Fujian put forward in this article is to strengthen its intension and tap the latent power.     

中国城市群分布及范围的定量评价(英文)

Urban clusters are the expected products of high levels of industry and urbanization in a country, as well as being the basic units of participation in global competition. With respect to China, urban clusters are regarded as the dominant formation for boosting the Chinese urbanization process. However, to date, there is no coincident, efficient, and credible methodological system and set of techniques to identify Chinese urban clusters. This research investigates the potential of a computerized identification method supported by geographic information techniques to provide a better understanding of the distribution of Chinese urban clusters. The identification method is executed based on a geographic information database, a digital elevation model, and socio-economic data with the aid of ArcInfo Macro Language programming. In the method, preliminary boundaries are identified accord-ing to transportation accessibility, and final identifications are achieved from limiting city numbers, population, and GDP in a region with the aid of the rasterized socio-economic dataset. The results show that the method identifies nine Chinese urban clusters, i.e., Pearl River Delta, Lower Yangtze River Valley, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Northeast China Plain, Middle Yangtze River Valley, Central China Plains, Western Taiwan Strait, Guanzhong and Chengdu-Chongqing urban clusters. This research represents the first study involving the computerized identification of Chinese urban clusters. Moreover, compared to other related studies, the study’s approach, which combines transportation accessibility and socio-economic characteristics, is shown to be a distinct, effective and reliable way of identifying urban clusters.     

从台湾《地理学报》看两岸人文地理学的发展

台湾地理研究一直以来都是中国地理研究的重要组成部分.由于历史发展原因,大陆素来缺乏对其发展进行全景式的了解.本文以台湾<地理学撤>自1962年创刊至2007年间发表的135篇人文地理成果为研究对象,分析探讨了台湾地区人文地理的发展现状、学科特点和发展脉络,反映出台湾人文地理学科发展的开放特点和受大陆重大事件影响的双重特性:人文地理研究呈现上升趋势,侧重于政治、社会、文化视角的研究,学科属性亦偏向后现代的文化、社会和制度等交叉研究层面;在空间方面,著作者和研究空间明显具有不均衡性.在对海峡两岸中国地理界权威期刊的对比和解读中可以发现.大陆人文地理依然热衷于地理空间事项特征的描述和分布研究,反映了两岸间经济社会水平发展的差异之影响.而两岸地理学界反映出在地理学理论探讨不足的问题应引起重视.     

经贸视角下中国台湾“新南向政策”分析——基于SNA和VAR方法

中国台湾“新南向政策”倍受社会关注。基于经贸视角及2001~2015年贸易数据,在分析经济依赖度及国际竞争力基础上,通过社会网络分析（SNA）方法探讨中国大陆在贸易网络中的地位及其对中国台湾的影响,利用VAR脉冲响应函数对比分析中国台湾与中国大陆、新南向国家的对外贸易对中国台湾经济发展的影响。研究结果表明：新南向国家对中国大陆的经济依赖度远高于其对中国台湾的经济依赖度,中国大陆对其的贸易地位是中国台湾难以替代的;中国台湾对中国大陆的经济依赖度明显高于其对新南向国家的经济依赖度,中国大陆对其的贸易地位是新南向国家难以替代的;中国大陆在贸易网络格局中处于核心地位,对于提升中国台湾贸易网络地位起着重要促进作用;中国大陆与中国台湾的对外贸易对中国台湾经济发展的正向效应明显高于新南向国家。中国台湾当局应秉承“九二共识”,抓住机遇,积极推进“新南向政策”与“一带一路”倡议融合,加强同中国大陆的经贸合作与交流,促进其经济稳定持续发展。     

中国大陆入境台胞游客时空分布格局及其变化

随着海峡两岸联系的不断加强,入境台胞游客市场对中国大陆入境旅游市场的影响与日俱增,因此对入境台胞游客市场的研究具有重要意义。收集1988~2008年相关数据,采用地理分析手段和GIS技术方法对中国大陆入境台胞游客数量年内、年际分布和空间格局变化及其原因进行分析。结果表明,中国大陆入境台胞游客数量发展呈波浪形递增趋势,旅游发展符合一般的经济发展周期,年内变化幅度总体较小,高峰(旺季)主要是在2月、4月、7月、10月,形成明显的"双M"形曲线。空间分布东部高、西部低,呈"W"形,并有向"U"形转变的趋势,而且游客数量地理集中程度呈现不断提高、省际差异逐步扩大,并向东部进一步集中的趋势。     

从亚太地区大国关系格局看台湾问题的前景

早日解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是中华民族在新世纪复兴的伟大起点。中央政府对台政策可概括为：一个中国、一国两制，立足于和平统一，但不放弃使用武力。在台湾问题上中美两国有共识也有分歧。分析亚太地区大国关系格局及政治经济局势对台湾前途的影响，可以预言：无论是大国之间还是两岸之间的力量对比，“时间”都不在台湾一边，祖国统一是大势所趋、人心所向，任何人也阻挡不住。     

建立多元化的闽台区域旅游协作体系

福建是台胞赴大陆旅游的主要目的地之一。随着形势的不断变化，福建吸引台胞前往旅游的各种优势正逐步减弱或消失，此状况已引起有关方面的重视，另一方面，尽管大多数的台湾居民,特别是台湾的旅游业界人士强烈呼吁当局开放大陆（闽）居民赴台旅游，以促进台湾经济的发展，但是，大陆（闽）居民赴台旅游仍然困难重重，闽台旅游并未能实现双向互动式的协调发展。尽管闽台区域旅游协作体系的真正建立还有赖于“三通”等诸多不确定因素，但作者相信不远的将来各种不利因素会得到解决。本文就是在上述前提下，从促进福建对台旅游的角度，对闽台旅游发展多元化区域协作体系的建立进行初步探讨，并分析该区域旅游协作体系建立的现实意义。     

基于地缘影响力模型的大国地缘政治博弈——以钓鱼岛问题背景下的中美博弈为例

大国地缘政治博弈事关国家安全,影响世界格局。通过对地理要素的综合考量构建了地缘影响力模型,并基于博弈论建立了钓鱼岛问题大国地缘政治博弈树,对中美博弈过程进行了分析。最后针对钓鱼岛问题4种博弈走势提出了战略应对参考建议。研究结果表明：①在中国大陆主导时,各国保持合作将共赢,一旦动武,若美俄地缘战略决策指数不高,形势对中国大陆不利。②当美国地缘战略决策指数较小,俄罗斯较大时,是解决钓鱼岛问题的战略良机。③中国台湾是中国解决钓鱼岛问题的重要影响因素,要灵活把握与处理。④ 在4种战略博弈形势下,均存在中美战略博弈的纳什均衡,但美国、日本和中国台湾有一定概率铤而走险,要保持警惕并做好战略应对。⑤ 博弈分析结果较为客观的反映了钓鱼岛问题的多种战略走向,并与当前相关大国关于钓鱼岛问题的战略基本吻合,印证了地缘影响力模型对地理要素量化的可行性以及大国地缘政治博弈分析方法的合理性。     

海峡两岸旅游管理比较研究

中国大陆和台湾的旅游业都有良好的发展前景,由于体制和区情的不同,两地在旅游发展和旅游管理上有着诸多差异;由于文化上的同根同源,两地在旅游发展与管理上也存在着互补共融的关系.如何处理好竞争与合作、经济利益和可持续发展之间的关系,成为两岸学术界和旅游业工作者共同关注的课题.通过重点比较两岸在旅游管理方面的特点,找出了两岸的差异及差异存在的部分原因,以期能为两岸旅游业取长补短、互相促进、共同发展提供有价值的参考.     

中国热带特征及其区域分异

受季风气候和海陆分布的影响,中国热带不如其他热带国家那样典型,热带界线也不够规则和明显,大致有如下特点:(1)热带地区分散,不连续;(2)东西跨度大,从台湾到滇南热带的跨度长达2500km,而面积只有80000km~2;(3)北部热带界线从形态上呈断续和凹凸状;(4)东段和西段自然条件差异大,东部为丘陵、台地、海岸带、岛屿、半岛、海洋,橡胶主要种在丘陵、台地上;西部为内陆、高山、深谷、坝子,橡胶作物主要种在山坡和坝子上。根据自然和社会条件的不同,将中国热带从东到西分为四个区:(1)台湾南部;(2)海南和雷州半岛;(3)滇南;(4)南海诸岛。     

“基因图谱”视角下闽台石器时代文化空间结构分析

聚落是识别区域文化景观同一性的重要指标。中国闽台石器时代文化因受区域环境的影响,呈现出与全国其他地区不同的文化特征。借用"文化基因"的概念,运用GIS技术对闽台石器时代文化遗址空间特征、文化特质和历史渊源进行分析。研究结果表明:闽台石器时代文化遗址在产生时间上具有继承性;在空间扩散、迁移及居住地空间选择上,闽台石器文化遗址都呈现了山岗、沿河流阶地和滨海分布模式,并经历了由点经线到面的扩散和迁移过程;在器具、技术工艺和作物类型等方面亦存在着广泛的相似性和共同性。石器遗址文化表明闽台具有相同的文化根基。     

中国不同产业空间的碳排放强度与碳足迹分析

采用2007 年中国各省区不同产业各种能源消费等数据,通过构建能源消费碳排放和碳足迹模型,对各省区化石能源和农村生物质能源的碳排放量进行了估算;建立了不同产业空间与能源消费碳排放的对应关系,将产业活动空间分为农业空间、生活与工商业空间、交通产业空间、渔业与水利业空间、其他产业空间等五大类;对各省区不同产业空间碳排放强度和碳足迹进行了对比分析。主要结论如下：(1) 中国2007 年能源消费碳排放总量为1.65 GtC,其中化石能源碳排放占89%;(2) 2007 年中国产业空间碳排放强度为1.98 t/hm²,其中,生活及工商业空间、交通产业空间的碳排放强度较高,分别为55.16 t/hm²和49.65 t/hm²;(3) 2007 年中国产业空间碳足迹为522.34×10⁶ hm²,由此造成的生态赤字为28.69×10⁶ hm²,这说明我国的生产性土地面积不足以补偿产业空间的碳排放,补偿率约为94.5%。各地区碳足迹差异明显,不少省份甚至存在生态盈余。总体而言,从产业活动空间的角度来看,中国目前的碳赤字不大;(4) 全国产业空间单位面积碳足迹为0.63 hm²/hm²,其中生活与工商业空间的碳足迹最大,为17.5 hm²/hm²。不同产业空间单位面积碳足迹大都呈现从东到西逐渐下降的趋势。