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The methods were discussed to calculate the gravity variation due to crustal deformation based on a model of dis-location on a finite rectangular plane.Taking the Lijiang Ms=7.0 earthquake as an example the calculating princi-ple of fault parameters were determined,and the results were given.Of particular interests were the characteristics of the gravity variations in different dislocation types.With comparison between the calculated results and the practical measurements,it was found that the model could to some extent account for the observations.But it failed to give explanations to the more far spatial gravity variation. 相似文献
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融合多源数据的高精度、高分辨率的局部重力场建模是物理大地测量学的前沿和热点问题.本文研究了基于径向基函数融合多源数据的局部重力场建模方法,利用Monte-Carlo方差分量估计实现了不同类型的观测数据的合理定权,引入了最小标准差法确定基函数的适宜网络,分析了地形因素对于基函数网络确定及局部重力场建模精度的影响.以泊松小波基函数为构造基函数,结合残差地形模型,融合实测的陆地重力异常、船载重力异常及航空重力扰动数据构建了局部区域陆海统一的似大地水准面模型.研究结果表明:引入残差地形模型平滑了地形质量引入的高频扰动信号,简化了基函数的网络设计;并提高了重力似大地水准面的精度,平原地区其精度提高了4 mm,地形起伏较大的山区其精度提高了约5 cm.总体而言,基于"三步法"构建的局部重力似大地水准面在荷兰、比利时及德国相关区域,其精度分别达到1.12 cm、2.80 cm以及2.92 cm. 相似文献
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The gravity field and crustal thickness of Venus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The gravity and topography of Venus obtained from observations of the Magellan mission, as well as the gravity and topography from our numerical mantle convection model, are discussed in this paper. We used the hypothesis that the geoid of degrees 2–40 is produced by sublithospheric mantle density anomalies that are associated with dynamical process within the mantle. We obtained the model dynamical admittance(the geoid topography ratio based on a convection model) by a numerical simulation of the Venusian mantle convection, and used it to correct the dynamical effect in the calculation of crustal thickness. After deducting the dynamical effect, the thickness of the Venusian crust is presented. The results show that the gravity and topography are strongly correlated with the Venusian mantle convection and the Venusian crust has a significant influence on the topography. The Venusian crustal thickness varies from 28 to 70 km. Ishtar Terra, and Ovda Regio and Thetis Regio in western Aphrodite Terra have the highest crustal thickness(larger than 50 km). The high topography of these areas is thought to be supported by crustal compensation and our results are consistent with the hypothesis that these areas are remnants of ancient continents. The crustal thickness in the Beta, Themis, Dione, Eistla, Bell, and Lada regiones is thin and shows less correlation with the topography, especially in the Atla and Imdr regiones in the eastern part of Aphrodite Terra. This is consistent with the hypothesis that these highlands are mainly supported by mantle plumes. Compared with the crustal thickness calculated with the dynamical effect, our results are more consistent with the crust evolution and internal dynamical process of Venus. 相似文献
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利用我国低纬地区琼中、广州和泉州3个地磁台1982-1989年的地磁静日实测值,分析了H、Z和Y三个地磁分量的谐波特征。结果表明,①H、Z两分量的谐波振幅一般在春秋季最大,冬季最小,Y分量的谐波振幅在夏季最大,冬季最小,它们的变化形态基本上与太阳黑子数的变化形态同步;②三分量的相位都受到太阳活动和季节的影响。 相似文献
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地球固体潮观测对验证各种地球模型、研究地球内部构造具有重要意义,可为地震预报提供重要的参考依据.BBVS-120甚宽带地震计具有较低的自噪声水平,在低频端输出信号的频率很低,涵盖固体潮信息频带范围.本文提出:BBVS-120地震计输出信号中存在周日波、半日波和1/3日波的固体潮信号,利用小波分析,提取垂直分量中的重力固体潮信号,并作调和分析. 相似文献
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在大地坐标系下利用Forsberg局部扰动位协方差模型(即DPM模型)导出了实用的局部重力异常协方差模型(即GAC模型)和局部扰动重力协方差模型(即GDC模型),两种模型形式完全一致.针对GAC模型,提出了两种模型参数的拟合方法,即按照泊松积分向上延拓获得的不同高度数据进行拟合以及按照测量区域的平面实测数据进行拟合,通过某地区的实测数据检验得出两种参数拟合方法得到的参数值相差不大,这种差别在向上和向下延拓过程中的影响可以忽略.依据本文的算例,GAC模型作为配置法的协方差模型用于延拓时,其向上延拓的精度在1.8×10-5 m·s-2左右,向下延拓的精度在5×10-5 m·s-2左右,完全满足局部重力场在中等山区的延拓要求.通过对不同高度下GAC模型用于延拓效果的对比,可以得出基于GAC模型的延拓精度随着高度的增加而衰减,在满足测量精度要求下其最大向下延拓高度约为7 km.总体而言,本文推导的GAC模型能够很好地利用地形数据,较好地满足了航空重力测量在局部重力场的延拓要求. 相似文献
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研究利用重力场模型直接进行GPS高程转换的方法,即模型高程异常法和模型重力位法.根据误差传播定律,导出了由重力场模型位系数方差计算模型高程异常以及模型正常高的误差公式,并对影响两种GPS高程转换方法精度的因素进行分析.利用具有代表性的EGM96、EIGEN-51C和EGM2008重力场模型及某线路GPS/水准数据对两种方法进行实验研究与精度分析,结果表明:理论公式及实验结果都显示两种高程转换方法是等价的,转换精度相当;两种方法使用过程中,均可能需要系统偏差校正;EGM2008重力场模型具有非常好的分辨率及精度,在局部区域,基于EGM2008模型的GPS高程转换精度有望达到cm级. 相似文献
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月球重力场是月球科学研究的重要部分,是进一步了解月球内部结构和构造的基础,也是我国探月计划“嫦娥工程”一个重要的科学研究内容.本文针对“嫦娥工程”,利用GSFC/NASA/USA的GEODYNII/SOLVE轨道分析软件,分析计算了利用单星跟踪数据恢复月球重力场的能力,同时模拟计算了双星跟踪数据在恢复月球重力场方面的能力,结合可能的工程环境我们对两种情况分别给出了30天、60天和90天的计算结果.计算表明双星相比于单星对月球重力场的中低阶位系数有比较显著的改善. 相似文献
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分析了地球自转引起的位旋转效应公式中采用近似速度的影响. 对一组GFZ的快速科学轨道、一组TUM的约化动力法轨道以及一组GFZ的事后科学轨道,计算了星历提供的速度与只有地球引力场对卫星产生作用时的卫星速度的差值,其中参考重力场模型分别采用EGM96、EIGEN2和EIGEN_CG01C. 通过比较得出:轨道数据与EIGEN2地球重力场模型的自恰性优于EGM96和EIGEN_CG01C地球重力场模型. 速度差各分量的变化具有很明显的周期性且与卫星轨道的运行周期相吻合. 当要求在卫星轨迹处获得1m2/s2精度的扰动位时,也即要求位旋转效应公式中卫星速度的近似精度小于2mm/s时,GFZ的快速科学轨道、TUM的约化动力法轨道只需要剔除那些速度精度不满足要求的卫星轨迹点;当要求在卫星轨迹处获得0.5m2/s2精度的扰动位时,应当重新估算上述轨道的速度信息,或采用精度更高的GFZ事后科学轨道. 相似文献
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本文介绍了嫦娥一号月球探测卫星轨道跟踪数据的特征,简要阐述了基于动力法精密定轨解算月球重力场模型的原理及策略.在嫦娥一号测控数据精度和覆盖均有限的条件下,独立使用嫦娥一号月球探测器6个月的在轨运行双程测距测速跟踪数据,成功得到了50阶次月球重力场模型CEGM-01.通过多种方式,如重力场模型频谱特性、实测数据定轨残差、月球重力异常特征、与地形的相关性及导纳值,对解算得到的CEGM-01月球重力场模型进行了精度评价,分析了相应的物理特性和效果.结果表明了CEGM-01解算过程的有效合理.在此基础上展望了我国月球重力场探测未来可能的发展方向. 相似文献
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在非全张量卫星重力梯度观测数据的处理过程中,由于卫星姿态角误差、梯度观测数据误差和非全张量观测等原因,重力梯度值从卫星重力梯度仪系转换到地固系后,精度损失严重.本文研究了张量不变量法以解决上述问题.首先在重力梯度张量不变量线性化的基础上,建立了基于卫星轨道面的不变量观测模型,完整地推导了两类重力梯度张量不变量的球近似和顾及地球扁率影响的球面边值问题的求解公式.针对GOCE卫星任务非全张量观测数据类型,分析了张量不变量的计算误差;结果表明,重力梯度观测误差在不变量的计算中并没有被放大.最后运用广义轮胎调和分析方法进行了模拟试验,数值试验证明,在卫星姿态误差较大时,处理张量不变量比处理张量分量更具优势,并且张量不变量法能有效地解决非全张量观测的问题. 相似文献
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安振昌 《地震地磁观测与研究》2000,21(5):9-15
如何计算地磁场 (或地磁剩余场 )及其长期变化的趋势变化 ,是提取震磁异常的关键。文章简要介绍了计算震磁背景场的数学方法 :多项式方法、球冠谐和分析方法、矩谐分析方法和曲面样条函数方法 相似文献
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The gravity field of the earth is a natural element of the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS). Gravity field quantities are like spatial geodetic observations of potential very high accuracy, with measurements, currently at part-per-billion (ppb) accuracy, but gravity field quantities are also unique as they can be globally represented by harmonic functions (long-wavelength geopotential model primarily from satellite gravity field missions), or based on point sampling (airborne and in situ absolute and superconducting gravimetry). From a GGOS global perspective, one of the main challenges is to ensure the consistency of the global and regional geopotential and geoid models, and the temporal changes of the gravity field at large spatial scales. The International Gravity Field Service, an umbrella “level-2” IAG service (incorporating the International Gravity Bureau, International Geoid Service, International Center for Earth Tides, International Center for Global Earth models, and other future new services for, e.g., digital terrain models), would be a natural key element contributing to GGOS. Major parts of the work of the services would, however, remain complementary to the GGOS contributions, which focus on the long-wavelength components of the geopotential and its temporal variations, the consistent procedures for regional data processing in a unified vertical datum and Terrestrial Reference Frame, and the ensuring validations of long-wavelength gravity field data products. 相似文献
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A two-step free-positioned point mass method is used for regional gravity field modeling together with the remove-compute-restore (RCR) technique. The Quasi-Newton algorithm (L-BFGS-B) is implemented to solve the nonlinear problem with bound constraints in the first step, while in the second step the magnitudes of the point masses are re-adjusted with known positions in the least-squares sense. In order to reach a good representation of the gravity field, a number of parameter sets have to be defined carefully before the computations. The effects of four important parameter sets (depth limits, number of point masses, original/reduced basis functions and optimization directions) are investigated for regional gravity field modeling based on two numerical test cases with synthetic and real data. The results show that the selection of the initial depth and depth limits is of most importance. The number of point masses for obtaining a good fit is affected by the data distribution, while a dependency on the data variability (signal variation) is negligible. Long-wavelength errors in the predicted height anomalies can be reduced significantly by using reduced basis functions, and the radial-direction optimization proves to be stable and reliable for regular and irregular data scenarios. If the parameter sets are defined properly, the solutions are similar to the ones computed by least-squares collocation (LSC), but require fewer unknowns than LSC. 相似文献
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考虑到不同坐标系下各个方向观测值对反演地球重力场的频谱贡献不同,建立了顾及多方向观测值权比的动力积分法,并利用该方法反演了高精度的GOCE HL-SST卫星重力场模型.首先,分析了不同坐标系下各个方向观测值与地球重力场信息的响应关系,其中惯性系(IRF)下X、Z方向的观测值分别对扇谐系数、带谐系数最为敏感,Z方向的解算精度在全频段均略高于X、Y方向;地固系(EFRF)下各个方向的独立解算精度均与能量守恒法的解算精度相当;局部指北坐标系(LNOF)下X、Z和Y三个方向的解算精度依次递减,且Y方向在47阶附近有明显"驼峰"现象.其次,比较了不同坐标系下顾及三个方向观测值权比的加权解算模型,其中加权联合解算模型精度在20至70阶次均明显优于等权解算模型,在带谐项和共振阶次精度提升明显,且LNOF下的加权联合解算精度要优于IRF和EFRF.最后,比较了GOCE和CHAMP卫星的模型解算精度,采用本文计算方法,仅利用2个月GOCE轨道观测值解算的模型精度优于包含更长观测时段信息的AIUB-CHAMP01S和EIGEN-CHAMP03S模型,且略优于ASU-GOCE-2months模型. 相似文献
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本文利用解的叠加原理求解了轨道扰动微分方程组,构建了扰动位系数与轨道和星间距变率的观测方程,并分别引入非线性改正项.通过惯性坐标系与运动坐标系的转换求解状态转移方程组,分析了观测方程的低频误差特征,导出了目前常用的消除剩余星间距变率低频误差的五参数或七参数经验公式.此外,根据非惯性力模型误差是分段标定的特点,提出利用三次样条函数来处理低频误差,通过模拟计算表明三次样条函数处理低频误差略优于七参数.最后,处理实际的GRAEC Level-1b数据,解算了2006年1月至2009年12月期间的月时变重力场模型UCAS_Grace01,通过在不同区域进行比较可以得出本文计算的时变重力场模型与国际官方机构精度基本是一致的结论.
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