共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
松辽盆地F油层砂泥岩互层发育,高岭石、伊利石为其主要粘土矿物,对研究储层物性及该油层的有效开发具有重要意义。本文通过对F油层90块天然岩心的室内研究发现,F油层渗透率、孔隙度随着高岭石相对含量的增加而增加,随着伊利石相对含量的增加而减小。砂岩层渗透性较好,高岭石相对含量较高,次生石英很少就地沉积,大量长石溶蚀孔隙得以保存;泥岩层渗透性差,伊利石相对含量较高。而且伊利石纤维状赋存和高岭石书页状赋存使砂岩层孔渗性更好,而使泥岩层孔渗性更差。该层开发过程中,高岭石、伊利石对储层物性的影响由室内岩心流动实验可知,F油层为中等强度偏弱速敏、中等强度偏强碱敏,速敏指数随着高岭石、伊利石绝对含量的增加而增加;储层的碱敏指数随高岭石绝对含量的增加而增加,而与伊利石含量无关。由于在所有粘土矿物中,高岭石相对含量接近一半,所以在F油层的开发过程要注重防范高岭石的碱敏、速敏损害。 相似文献
2.
通过研究无烟煤层中泥岩夹矸的岩石矿物学特征,探讨了其主要成分高岭石发生转化的主要方向及影响因素。通过样品的显微镜下鉴定、差热分析、X射线粉晶衍射分析、红外吸收光谱分析等一系列测试结果的分析研究,发现无烟煤层泥岩夹矸中高岭石因受不同因素的影响而发生不同的转化,即:高岭石向伊利石转化,伊利石-蒙脱石(I/M)混层矿物及蒙脱石出现。其主要原因是区域变质作用及周围介质影响所致。 相似文献
3.
4.
浙江临安上奥陶统浊流沉积中的粘土矿物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
浙江临安上奥陶统于潜组和张村坞组为一套砂泥陆屑岩石组成的海相地层,该地层具浊流沉积性质。本文侧重研究两组砂泥岩中的粘土矿物,亦发现可证实浊流沉积的某些特征:1.泥岩中的粘土矿物虽经压实但多数分布杂乱,可能与紊流掀动有关;2.砂泥岩中可见少量碎屑高岭石(<5%)和碎屑伊利石,可能与高速浊流带入较深水快速埋藏以及岩石孔渗性差等因素有关;3.岩石内的粘土矿物组合是伊利石、绿泥石、高岭石以及蒙脱石,反映陆棚远岸区特点。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
通过研究无烟煤层中泥岩夹矸的岩石矿物学特征,探讨其主要成分高岭石发生转化的主要方向及影响因素。对晋城矿区实地观测,并采集一定量的标本,通过显微镜下鉴定、差热分析、X射线粉晶衍射分析、红外吸收光谱分析等研究,发现无烟煤层泥岩夹矸中高岭石主要向伊利石转化,并有伊利石-蒙脱石(I/M)混层矿物及蒙脱石出现。煤的变质程度升高、夹矸矿物转化的主要原因是区域变质作用及周围介质条件的影响。 相似文献
8.
滇东黔西上二叠统含煤岩系形成于陆相到海陆过渡相环境中,其泥岩的粘土矿物组成可以反映这种环境背景。该区泥岩粘土矿物类型以高岭石和伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物为主,伊利石次之,局部层段见较少绿泥石及蒙皂石。垂向上,高岭石在富源后所矿区、盘县盘关矿区剖面中下部(即宣威组中、下段和龙潭组)含量偏高;伊利石在织金矿区剖面上部(长兴组)和下部(龙潭组下段)含量明显偏高,而在剖面中部(龙潭组上段)偏低;伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物在后所矿区、盘关矿区、纳雍矿区占绝对优势,而在织金矿区仅在剖面中部含量较高,并与伊利石呈明显的负相关关系;蒙皂石含量很少,仅出现于盘关矿区和织金矿区剖面的上部和下部。粘土矿物的上述分布特征可大致反映出龙潭早期为海侵期,龙潭晚期为海退期,长兴期为新的更大的海侵期。平面上,从陆到海,即从滇东的冲积平原河流体系,向东经盘关向斜的上三角洲平原、纳雍的过渡带三角洲平原,到织金的下三角洲平原及潮汐平原,高岭石含量急剧减少,伊利石含量逐渐增加。最为明显的是从滇东河流体系到黔西三角洲—潮坪体系之间高岭石含量骤然减少。 相似文献
9.
无烟煤泥岩夹矸的岩石矿物学特征及其研究意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对山西晋城矿区3号无烟煤层进行了实地观测,采集了一定数量的标本,通过显微镜下鉴定、差热分析、X射线粉晶衍射分析、红外吸收光谱分析等一系列测试手段对无烟煤层中泥岩夹矸的岩石矿物学特征进行了研究,对其主要成分高岭石发生变化的主要原因及影响因素进行了探讨。结果发现,无烟煤层中泥岩夹矸的主要成分高岭石因受不同因素的影响而向不同方向发生转化,主要表现在高岭石向伊利石转化,并有伊利石-蒙脱石(I/S)混层矿物及蒙脱石出现。造成这种煤的变质程度升高而其夹矸成分转化的主要原因可能是区域变质作用及周围介质条件影响所致。 相似文献
10.
在柴达木盆地阿尔金斜坡第三系地层中,砂岩中碳酸盐重结晶强烈、压实程度弱、石英自生加大较弱、早期碳酸盐胶结物发育。碳酸盐主要为无机成因,少量与生物气有关,其含量受盐度的影响。泥岩中粘土矿物以伊利石、绿泥石和伊蒙混层为主,缺少蒙脱石和高岭石,随埋深增加,伊利石相对含量变化无规律可循,绿泥石相对含量减少,推测伊利石主要为陆源成因。 相似文献
11.
矿区高岭土严格受岩性和地层层位控制。矿石含矿率高。质量好,矿物组成主要为高岭石和石英,其次有伊利石,高岭石为自形的假六方片状晶体,有序度高,晶体粒度细,伊利石多属边界圆滑的等度片状晶体。矿床的形成经历了原始的沉积阶段和成岩改造阶段,为“沉积改造”成因。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
The clay mineral composition of Triassic sediments in the Negev and Sinai depends upon the environment of deposition. Kaolinite predominates in continental and epicontinental sediments. The mineralogical composition of the marine clays resembles that of corresponding samples from North Africa and Europe, which comprise various mixtures and interstratifications of illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite and chlorite. Evaporitic sediments are poor in clay minerals and those present are largely detrital. The results presented suggest that chlorite was formed diagenetically by prolonged percolation of seawater through pervious layers overlying impervious ones (hard beds). 相似文献
15.
Mineralogical and geochemical alteration of low-grade metamorphic black slates due to oxidative weathering 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cornelius Fischer Christian Schmidt Reinhard Gaupp 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2009,69(2):127-183
Low-grade metamorphic black slates of Silurian and Lower Devonian ages (from the Thüringisches Schiefergebirge in Germany) were investigated to identify mineralogical and geochemical alterations that occur during the oxidative weathering black slates.The slates exhibit an intense total organic carbon decrease (>90 wt%) due to oxidative weathering. The organic matter in black slate consists mainly of non-pyrolysable material with only minor portions of pyrolysable material. In contrast to the non-pyrolysable organic matter, the concentration of pyrolysable organic matter is not decreased during weathering. Heating experiments have yielded information about a potential protection of pyrolysable organic matter against weathering, which is probably caused by a structural configuration or the intergrowth of organic matter and illite.The slates consist mainly of illite. Iron oxide (goethite) and phosphate encrustations were formed on slate surfaces as a result of oxidative and acid weathering of both iron sulfide and monazite. Kaolinite often occurs as an older encrustation beneath the iron oxide encrustations. Encrustations of iron oxide and phosphate are major sinks for trace elements, released during oxidative weathering. 相似文献
16.
基于有孔虫AMS14C年龄年代框架,通过冲绳海槽中南部的OKT12孔沉积物黏土矿物的分析,探讨了16 ka以来冲绳海槽细颗粒沉积物的物源变化及其对源区气候的响应。研究结果显示,10 ka时黏土矿物组成发生明显变化,伊利石、绿泥石含量增加,高岭石、蒙皂石含量减少,指示物源由之前的长江和东海陆架源转变为台湾源。受到海平面上升影响,长江河口和冲绳海槽距离增加,夏季风增强,黑潮增强,既搬运台湾来源物质,又阻碍长江物质跨陆架输运,在这些因素综合作用下,长江物质减少、台湾物质增加。高岭石/(伊利石+绿泥石)和绿泥石/(伊利石+蒙皂石)比值在4 ka以来增加指示全新世晚期台湾源区侵蚀强度发生变化。4 ka前后物源判别显示,OKT12孔沉积物来源由台湾东北部河流变为台湾东南部河流,反映了该时期季风降雨导致源区台湾不同区域的侵蚀差异,可能与ITCZ南移、ENSO活动增强有关。 相似文献
17.
蚀变矿物组合对热液型铀矿勘探具有重要的指示意义。相对于航空或航天成像光谱,地面成像光谱在小范围矿床尺度的蚀变精细识别方面更具优势。为研究江西相山铀矿化热液蚀变组合特征,利用HySpex地面成像光谱仪获取可见光-近红外-短波红外波段的钻孔岩心成像光谱数据,针对铀矿化的两种基本类型——水云母-萤石型和碱交代型,分别从蚀变单矿物和蚀变矿物组合两个角度分析和提取他们的诊断性光谱特征,建立了光谱识别标志。发现伊利石具有光谱多型特征,按特征波长位置分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型两类。水云母-萤石型铀矿化蚀变组合包含高岭石、高岭石+地开石、蒙脱石和Ⅰ型伊利石,碱交代型铀矿化蚀变组合包含绿泥石、碳酸盐、绿蒙混层、赤铁矿和Ⅱ型伊利石;基于光谱匹配模型和岩心填图结果对两类铀矿化段蚀变结构进行了分析,铀矿化中心由近及远分别具有蒙脱石→Ⅰ型伊利石→高岭石+地开石→高岭石和碳酸盐→赤铁矿+绿泥石→绿蒙混层→Ⅱ型伊利石的分布特征,均存在流体的叠置改造作用;通过岩心成像光谱编录及三维建模表明,两类伊利石具有空间上的上、下分带特点,这预示着两种铀矿化亦具有相似的空间分布特征。上述研究为相山地区进一步找矿勘探提供了一定参考。 相似文献
18.
F. X. Gingele P. De Deckker C-D. Hillenbrand 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):867-874
Clay minerals eroded from soils by rivers and wind action become entrained in shallow‐ as well as deep‐water masses of the surrounding seas. Their pattern on the sea floor gives clues to their propagation by ocean currents. Clay mineral assemblages in sediment cores can be used as a useful proxy to decipher past changes in the intensity of ocean currents or in the nature of the palaeoclimatic processes on the adjacent landmasses. Three cores taken from beneath the path of the present‐day Leeuwin Current in the Timor Passage, from off the Australian North West Shelf and off the North West Cape of Western Australia are investigated. They provide a Late Quaternary record of environmental changes. Kaolinite and chlorite are transported into the Timor Passage today by the Indonesian Throughflow, while illite is provided locally from Timor. The Leeuwin Current leaves the Timor Passage with a characteristic clay mineral signature acquired in the Indonesian Archipelago (kaolinite, chlorite and illite). Uptake of clay minerals along its way through the Timor Sea, e.g. illite from the Kimberley area, changes this signature. South of North West Cape chlorite, injected by the rivers of the Pilbara region into the path of the Leeuwin Current, is prominent in surface sediments in less than 1000 m water depth and outlines the flow of the current today. During the last glacial period, the volume of the Indonesian Throughflow decreased and less kaolinite and chlorite reached the Timor Passage. Offshore from North West Cape, a reduction in chlorite during the last glacial may indicate a decrease or absence of the Leeuwin Current and/or a reduction in the input of chlorite due to drier conditions on land. A maximum of illite in recent sediments and the Holocene offshore from North West Cape results from the input of material from rivers periodically draining the adjacent hinterland. Again, a reduction in illite points to a drier climate in the area during the last glacial. 相似文献
19.
Andreas Dietrich Ronald Gutierrez Eric P. Nelson Paul W. Layer 《Mineralium Deposita》2012,47(3):233-249
The San José district is located in the northwest part of the Deseado massif and hosts a number of epithermal Ag–Au quartz
veins of intermediate sulfidation style, including the Huevos Verdes vein system. Veins are hosted by andesitic rocks of the
Bajo Pobre Formation and locally by rhyodacitic pyroclastic rocks of the Chon Aike Formation. New 40Ar/39Ar constraints on the age of host rocks and mineralization define Late Jurassic ages of 151.3 ± 0.7 Ma to 144.7 ± 0.1 Ma for
volcanic rocks of the Bajo Pobre Formation and of 147.6 ± 1.1 Ma for the Chon Aike Formation. Illite ages of the Huevos Verdes
vein system of 140.8 ± 0.2 and 140.5 ± 0.3 Ma are 4 m.y. younger than the volcanic host rock unit. These age dates are among
the youngest reported for Jurassic volcanism in the Deseado massif and correlate well with the regional context of magmatic
and hydrothermal activity. The Huevos Verdes vein system has a strike length of 2,000 m, with several ore shoots along strike.
The vein consists of a pre-ore stage and three main ore stages. Early barren quartz and chalcedony are followed by a mottled
quartz stage of coarse saccharoidal quartz with irregular streaks and discontinuous bands of sulfide-rich material. The banded
quartz–sulfide stage consists of sulfide-rich bands alternating with bands of quartz and bands of chlorite ± illite. Late-stage
sulfide-rich veinlets are associated with kaolinite gangue. Ore minerals are argentite and electrum, together with pyrite,
sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, minor bornite, covellite, and ruby silver. Wall rock alteration is characterized by narrow
(< 3 m) halos of illite and illite/smectite next to veins, grading outward into propylitic alteration. Gangue minerals are
dominantly massive quartz intergrown with minor to accessory adularia. Epidote, illite, illite/smectite, and, preferentially
at deeper levels, Fe-chlorite gangue indicate near-neutral pH hydrothermal fluids at temperatures of >220°C. Kaolinite occurring
with the late sulfide-rich veinlet stage indicates pH < 4 and a temperature of <200°C. The Huevos Verdes system has an overall
strike of 325°, dipping on average 65° NE. The orientations of individual ore shoots are controlled by vein strike and intersecting
north-northwest-striking faults. We propose a structural model for the time of mineralization of the San José district, consisting
of a conjugate shear pair of sinistral north-northwest- and dextral west-northwest-striking faults that correspond to R and R′ in the Riedel shear model and that are related to master faults (M) of north-northeast-strike. Veins of 315° strike can
be interpreted as nearly pure extensional fractures (T). Variations in vein strike predict an induced sinistral shear component
for strike directions of >315°, whereas strike directions of <315° are predicted with an induced dextral strike–slip movement.
The components of the structural model appear to be present on a regional scale and are not restricted to the San José district. 相似文献