基于MEM1谱分析的水文时间序列隐含周期特性研究

水文时间序列的隐含周期(本文将简单周期、复合周期及近似周期等统称为隐含周期)的识别、判定是一个重要而又较为困难的问题,相对成熟和有效的做法是对其进行频谱分析。建立在最大熵原理(POME)基础之上的MEM1谱分析,克服了传统谱分析方法的诸多不足,具有频谱光滑、分辨率高等独特优势。为此,以黄河花园口(秦厂)测站年径流系列、月径流系列和年最大洪峰流量序列隐含周期特性的研究为例,探讨了MEM1谱分析在水文时间序列隐含周期特性中的应用。     

昆明松华坝水源地降水特征及小波分析

对松花坝站1953～2011年降水特征分析表明,昆明市松华坝水源地降水量呈减少趋势,且降水高度集中在主汛期,后汛期降水偏少,不利于水库防洪调度与水库蓄水。小波分析结果表明,松华坝水源地年降水量、汛期、主汛期和后汛期降水量均存在2a短周期,但长周期各异。年降水量、汛期及主汛期降水量在较大时间尺度上分为1977年之前的偏丰期、1977～1993年的偏枯期、1994～2008年的偏丰期、2009～2011年的偏枯期,而后汛期降水量在较大时间尺度上分为1957年前的偏枯期、1957～1968年的偏丰期、1969～1982年的偏枯期、1983～1997年的偏丰期、1997～2011年的偏枯期。由小波分析和趋势来看,2009年之后的降水偏枯期还将延续11a左右的时间。     

深层软基加固处理方案试验研究

在软土地区既有铁路线旁修建复线时,为控制施工期沉降与工后沉降,保证既有线路与新建线路的稳定性,对新建复线的深层软基加固区,通过现场试验采用6种方法分7个观察项目进行了对比研究。试验结果表明：无论是沉降分析、稳定分析或是对既有线的影响分析,用粉喷桩加固地基比用砂井、插塑板及土工布加固地基均有着显而易见的优越性,相对来说短而密的粉喷桩较长而疏的粉喷桩加固效果更好。     

Thermodynamic analysis of heat transfer in a wellbore combining compressed air energy storage

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a potential energy storage technology. The gas phase and short cycle period are two key factors affecting heat transfer loss in the wellbore of CAES. A semi-analytical solution was developed by using the convolution method considering gas movement in this study to describe the transient behavior of heat transfer with a short cycle period. The comparative analysis of the presented solution with two published solutions showed that the solution matched well with the previous solutions under steady state. Parametric studies were carried out to investigate the impact of injection rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and thermal diffusivity of the formation on heat loss in the wellbore. The results indicated that a low overall heat transfer coefficient and thermal diffusivity of the formation with an appropriate injection rate can efficiently reduce the heat loss. A hypothetical case study with a short cycle period of injection and production was conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the developed solution in CAES. The results suggest that the semi-analytical solution is applicable for heat transfer in the wellbore of CAES.     

某深基坑支护设计方案实施过程中的优化

通过徐州锦绣大厦深基坑开挖过程中的变形情况,分析该工程基坑变形的根本原因,及时对设计方案进行了合理的优化,有效地限制了基坑的变形,不仅保证了基坑周边建筑物的安全,还节约了造价、方便了施工、缩短了工期。     

宁晋泊地区全新世温暖期以来气候与环境变化研究

宁晋泊沉积物的环境指标高分辨率分析,揭示了作新世温暖期以来气候变化规律和湖泊演化过程。全新世温暖期早期,气候温暖,降水丰沛,环境稳定,湖泊水草茂美;其中在５５００－６０００ａＢＰ有一个短暂的降温过程;温暖期晚期,气候波动明显。全新世晚期,气候呈规律性波动,与华北地区文史资料一致,具有良好的可比性。     

青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草甸植物种群物候学定量研究

采用青藏高原腹地北麓河多年冻土区高寒草甸14种代表性植物种群2009年和2010年两个生长季的物候观测资料, 进行植物种群物候学特征的定量分析, 划分物候类型并指出影响不同物候期的环境因子主次. 结果表明: 营养期和结实期的物候指数都较大, 分别为32.70和24.39, 其他物候期则相对较小; 整个生长期持续天数较短, 为155 d左右. 14种植物可划分为3种类型和6大类群. 在营养期和整个生长期, 与物候变化最为密切的环境因子为降水量, 其次为日照时数, 温度居第三; 而影响其他物候期的因子均以日照时数为主, 降水量和温度依次居后.     

Intra-seasonal variations of kinetic energy of lower tropospheric zonal waves during northern summer monsoon

Space spectral analysis of zonal (u) and meridional (v) components of wind and time spectral analysis of kinetic energy of zonal waves at 850 hPa during monsoon 1991 (1st June 1991 to 31st August 1991) for the global belt between equator and 40°N are investigated. Space spectral analysis shows that long waves (wavenumbers 1 and 2) dominate the energetics of Region 1 (equator to 20°N) while over Region 2 (20°N to 40°N) the kinetic energy of short waves (wavenumbers 3 to 10) is more than kinetic energy of long waves. It has been found that kinetic energy of long waves is dominated by zonal component while both (zonal and meridional) the components of wind have almost equal contribution in the kinetic energy of short waves. Temporal variations of kinetic energy of wavenumber 2 over Region 1 and Region 2 are almost identical. The correlation matrix of different time series shows that (i) wavenumber 2 over Regions 1 and 2 might have the same energy source and (ii) there is a possibility of an exchange of kinetic energy between wavenumber 1 over Region 1 and short waves over Region 2. Wave to wave interactions indicate that short waves over Region 2 are the common source of kinetic energy to wavenumber 2 over Regions 1 and 2 and wavenumber 1 over Region 1. Time spectral analysis of kinetic energy of zonal waves indicates that wavenumber 1 is dominated by 30–45 day and bi-weekly oscillations while short waves are dominated by weekly and bi-weekly oscillations. The correlation matrix, wave to wave interaction and time spectral analysis together suggest that short period oscillations of kinetic energy of wavenumber 1 might be one of the factors causing dominant weekly (5–9 day) and bi-weekly (10–18 day) oscillations in the kinetic energy of short waves.     

Seasonal growth in the bivalveMacoma balthica near the southern limit of its range

Shell-length growth inMacoma balthica from San Francisco Bay, California, as measured on living animalsin situ, is highly seasonal despite a mild Mediterranean climate: a long period of near non-growth from May to the following February is followed by a short period of rapid growth between March and May. The rapid-growth period follows the spawning period during January/February and ends as water temperature rises above about 15°C. Despite the shortness of the growth period,M. balthica grows larger at a given age in San Francisco Bay than is recorded elsewhere in the world. Application of a model, developed elsewhere from these same field measurements, shows that (1) measurable growth occurs during the summer/autumn/early winter “nongrowth” period, (2) there is an autumn recruitment, and (3) both spring and autumn recruits combine to form a single “one-year-old” size grouping. None of these features is detectable through growth-ring analysis of field samples, apparently because of indistinct climatic seasons, or through size-frequency histogram analysis because of the combined effects of slow growth and intermittent recruitment.     

阜新五龙刘家区煤层气开发前景浅析

为了进一步开发阜新五龙刘家区煤层气，对研究区煤层气地面开发与井下瓦斯抽放进行了探讨，并着重对其开发前景及经济效益进行了分析，其结论是投资回收期较短、经济效益好、投资风险较小。是煤炭枯竭城市经济转型的良好项目之一。     

软基沉降的BP神经网络和灰色系统联合预测

使用BP神经网络插值方法对灰色数据进行了预处理,进而建立了预测软基沉降量的BP神经网络和灰色系统联合模型.实例分析表明,该模型短期沉降预测结果的最大相对误差小于2%,最终沉降预测结果的相对偏差小于5%,且灰色预测时取后期沉降瘦导颇算结果准确度高于取前期沉降数据的计算结果准确度.     

江西贵溪盆地罗塘群层序地层分析

贵溪盆地罗塘群层序地层特征的研究表明,罗塘群由低水位体系域、水进体系域、高水位体系域组成,是一个完整的三级层序,自下到上可以划分为35个准层序,9个准层序组,准层序的形成是由于短期内的湖水深度的变化,这种短期内的湖水深度变化可以发生在水进期,也可以发生在高水位期,控制罗塘群三级层序形成的主要因素是构造活动和气候变化.在对罗塘群层序地层分析的基础之上,建立了贵溪盆地的层序地层模式.     

群锚静载试桩研究

应用全长粘结式锚杆群代替反力桩进行桩基静载试验,不但工艺简单、施工方便,而且工期短、成本低。通过对锚杆的力学分析和现场量测,获得了锚杆的受力和位移特征,为这类锚杆的设计与计算提供理论依据。     

Analysis of multifrequency effects in oscillations of the Earth’s pole

A least-squares analysis of measurements of the Earth-rotation parameters is used to interpolate these data in order to redict the polar motion using a basic mathematical model that includes two frequencies: the Chandler and annual frequencies. A model taking into account the oscillations induced by the influence of the Moon is considered. The manifestation of high-frequency lunar oscillations in the beat period is demonstrated, together with the feasibility of interpolating these oscillations over short time intervals. A comparative analysis of models taking into account the monthly and bi-weekly frequencies is presented. A reasonable model explaining anomalous phenomena in the six-year beating is proposed.     

歧口凹陷滨海地区沙一下鲕粒发育特征与重力流沉积

沙一下沉积时期,歧口凹陷板桥斜坡、滨海斜坡和歧北低斜坡滨海地区主要沉积类型为重力流沉积,物源主要来自西部沧县隆起。同时在滨海地区CT16×1等井沙一下部分取样薄片中发现鲕粒的存在。通过对歧口凹陷300余口井沙一下亚段薄片等资料的统计分析,认为滨海地区沙一下层段中的鲕粒为异地鲕粒,其来源主要为板桥斜坡及滨海斜坡,以上地区在沙一下沉积时期虽然仍以陆源碎屑沉积为主,但在某些短时段内,存在＂暖、清、浅＂的区域性欠补偿的高钙清水沉积,发育含鲕粒的碳酸盐岩,形成的原地鲕粒在后期重力流滑塌等事件活动的作用下,沿着滨海、港东断层等输送通道被搬运至滨海地区。通过此次鲕粒来源分析,一方面重新梳理了歧口凹陷两大盆外物源（北部燕山、西部沧县隆起）的波及范围,深化了对歧口凹陷沙一下沉积时期沉积体系的认识;另一方面发展形成了利用地震相、测井相、岩芯相和薄片相＂四相合一＂的沉积体系研究方法。     

基准面旋回结构与叠加样式的沉积动力学分析

以地层过程-响应沉积动力学为理论基础,以中期基准面旋回为周期,以短期基准面旋回为成因地层单元,较为详细地讨论了层序结构、层序叠加样式与可容纳空间 /沉积物补给通量比值 (A/S比值 )变化、基准面升降幅度及沉积动力学条件的相互关系,描述了不同结构和叠加样式的短期基准面旋回在中期基准面旋回中的分布规律,最终提出以中期基准面旋回为单元的标准层序模式。有意义的是,上述理论分析结果与四川、鄂尔多斯和辽河等盆地中的中、新生代陆相地层高分辨率层序地层分析结果完全一致,说明高分辨率层序地层学理论及其技术方法非常适合于中国广泛分布的中、新生代陆相含油气盆地的层序地层学研究。     

关于深水环境下内波、内潮汐沉积分类的探讨

深水环境下内波、内潮汐沉积从在地层记录中被发现已过去20年,在这20多年里虽然积累了不少资料,但至今未对内波、内潮汐沉积进行细分。本文以地层记录中已发现的内波、内潮汐沉积为基础,结合内波、内潮汐的破碎过程和海洋物理学中内波的研究现状,对深水内波、内潮汐沉积的分类进行了探索。将其分为3个层次下的9种类型,分别为：正压内潮汐沉积、斜压内潮汐沉积、正压短周期内波沉积、斜压短周期内波沉积、等深流叠加内波沉积、低密度浊流叠加内波沉积、长周期内波叠加沉积、驻波沉积和其他内波叠加沉积。地层记录中已发现的内波、内潮汐沉积分别归为：正压内潮汐沉积、正压短周期内波沉积和长周期内波叠加沉积3类,其余类型尚未被发现。这样的分类较合理地解释了为什么在现代海洋中内波、内潮汐无处不在,但地层记录中的内波、内潮汐沉积却少得可怜的现象,同时将内波、内潮汐沉积研究和海洋物理学中对内波的研究结合起来,并能将内波、内潮汐沉积研究置于更为广阔的研究背景之中,使之可以和大洋突发事件、天文旋回及大洋环流等联系起来。     

Ionospheric precursor for a deep earthquake (∼378 km) near Papua New Guinea occurred on 7 July 2013, Mw = 7.2 in the environment of geomagnetic storm using two-dimensional principal component analysis

Two-dimensional ionospheric total electron content (TEC) data during the time period from 00:00 on 2 July to 12:00 UT on 8 July 2013, which was 5 days before to 1 day after a deep earthquake at 18:35:30 on 7 July 2013 UT (M_w = 7.2) with a depth at about 378.8 km in Papua New Guinea, were examined by two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) to detect TEC precursor related to the earthquake because TEC precursors usually have shown up in earlier time periods. A TEC precursor was highly localized around the epicenter from 06:00 to 06:05 on 6 July, where its duration time was at least 5 minutes. Ionizing radiation radon gas release should be a possibility to cause the anomalous TEC fluctuation, e.g., electron density variation. The plasma might have large damping at that time to cause TEC fluctuation of short time, and the gas released with small amount in short time period, and 2DPCA could identify short time TEC fluctuation while the fluctuation lasted for a long time. Other background TEC anomalies caused by the geomagnetic storm, small earthquakes and non-earthquake activities, e.g., equatorial ionization anomaly resulted in the small principal eigenvalues, therefore the detection of TEC precursor was regardless of these background TEC anomalies.     

特殊地质条件下定向对接复杂井组的工艺设计

H001LA井为土耳其贝帕扎里采集卤钻井三期工程中的定向水平对接井,在三期设计里处于由不同目标矿层和多种井组型式组成的复杂井组中。在钻井施工中,遇到了目标矿层缺失、地层起伏大、涌水严重、钻遇巨大溶腔和地层坍塌等严重问题。经过问题分析,通过对3个可行性方案的比较,采用了成本低、工期短和更加安全的施工方案,最终顺利完井。     

干旱地区路堑边坡失稳的机理及稳定性分析方法

水对边坡的失稳有很大的影响,在内蒙古西部干旱地区,往往由于集中降雨导致大量的路堑边坡失稳破坏,本文分析了降雨对边坡的不利影响,提出了考虑降雨作用的边坡稳定分析方法,并通过工程实例对该地区的边坡稳定性进行数值分析计算,其方法对干旱地区的路堑边坡设计及稳定性评价具有重要的借鉴意义。