青海西部哈尔扎地区晚泥盆世腕足动物群

哈尔扎位于青海茫崖镇（旧址）西南45公里处。属于东昆仑西段祁漫塔格山北麓的低山区。1955年,张文堂等在哈尔扎沟口附近的灰绿色碎屑岩灰岩中,首次采获腕足化石:Cyrtospirifer sp.,Productella sp.及三叶虫:Proetus sP.确定为晚泥盆世。1959年,朱夏将上述地层称之为哈尔扎群。1958年,西北地质局石油普查大队在哈尔扎沟口剖面的中部采得腕足:Cyrtospirifer sinensis(Gra bau),植物:Leptophloeum rhombicumDawson。1969—1970年,青海地质局第一区调队在哈尔扎东侧山脊于相当层位中采到腕足:Cyrtospirifer sinensic(Grabau),C,chaoi(Grabau),Tenticospirifersp.及瓣鳃。     

伊朗珊瑚在新疆的发现

本文描述的伊朗珊瑚(Iranophyllum)是1971和1984年第一区调队在新疆南部昆仑山下二叠统黄羊岭群和叶桑岗组采集的,共4新种和1未定种,名单是:Iranophyllum xinjiangense(sp.nov).Ir.kunlunense(sp.nov.),Ir.clisiophylloides(sp.nov.),Ir.neoclisio-phylloides(sp.nov.),Ir.sp.A等.与其共生的有(?)类:Sumatrina annae,Verbeekina of.verbeeki,paraverbeekina of.umbi-lcata,Polydiexodina sp.,Yangchienia sp.,Neo-misellina sp.,parafusulina sp.,Chusenella sp.,Afghanella?sp.,腕足:Neospir-ifer sp.,Martinia sp.,Stenoscisma sp.,Waagenoconcha sp.,四射珊瑚:Amplexo-carinia sp.,Huangophyllum sp.,Lytvolasma sp.,plerophyllum sp.等.因此,含Ira-nophyllom的黄羊岭群和叶桑岗组应属同一层位,它们与新疆喀喇昆仑地区空喀山口组、西藏阿里地区龙格组及文部组是相当的.     

内蒙西乌珠穆沁旗哲斯组木化石

我们在哲斯组中采到木化石一属三种,即Dadoxylon(Cordaites)houtoumiaoense sp. nov.,D.xiuqiense sp.nov.,D. sp.。本文仅描述其中的两个新种。其木化石标本系我所郭胜哲等同志采自内蒙西乌珠穆沁旗猴头庙公社西北约三公里处的下二叠统哲斯组中。在木化石层的上下层位中,均产有丰富的腕足类、珊瑚、苔藓虫等动物化石及植物化石,它们指明其时代为早二叠世。     

新疆昆仑山、喀喇昆仑山中泥盆世及石炭纪一些四射珊瑚

昆仑山西段及喀喇昆仑山,部分四射珊瑚化石,经笔者研究计有:喀喇昆仑山楚隆帕斯坦中泥盆统落石沟组含Grypophyllum kelakunlunense(sp.nov.);昆仑山西段下石炭统他龙群产Diphyphyllum kunlunense(sp.nov.)喀喇昆仑山中石炭统含Protodurhamina kelakunlunensis(sp.nov.), Lithostrotionella sp.;昆仑山西段中、上石炭统库尔浪群含Protodurhamina kunlunensis (sp.nov.), Neokoninckophyllum sp., Kionophyllum kunlunense(sp. nov.), Paracarruthersella sp., Orygmophyllum convexum Fomitchev。     

四川旺苍附近缺失泥盆石炭纪地层

四川旺苍附近出露于二迭纪栖霞灰岩与志留纪页岩之间的灰岩、页岩和砂岩等,长期被误认为泥盆石炭系。1939年,侯德封、王现珩认为:旺苍枫香铺(现名燕子峡)有含腕足类化石Athyriscf.vittata Hall,Spirifer cf.vilis Grabau,Meris-tella?sp.的中泥盆统;寨巴河北(现名南木)有含植物化石的石炭-二迭系。解放后在川北工作的四川省地质局区测队也提及本区的泥盆石炭系。     

西藏保吉地区晚侏罗世珊瑚动物群的发现及其意义

西藏班戈县纳木错西岸的保吉地区新发现了晚侏罗世牛津期-基默里奇期珊瑚化石14属21种及未定种。它们分别是:Goniocoracf.annulata Roniewicz,Calamophylliopsis cf.moreauna(Michelin),Thecosmilia?sp.,Calamophylliopsis?sp.,Micrabacia?sp.,Stylosmilia michelini M.-Edwards et Haime,Cladophyllia turbinata(Gregory),Cladophyllia?sp.,Thamnasteria?sp.,Ovalastraea?sp.,Montlivaltia?sp.,Latiastraea goldfussi(Koby),Donacosmilia cf.silinensis Liao,Thecosmilia baingoinensis sp.nov.,Placophyllia cf.rugosa Becker,Cladophyllia rollieri Koby,Thecosmilia cf.costata Fromentel,Goniocora?sp.,Pleurocora crassa(Reuss),Calamophylliopsis moreauna(Michelin),Trocharaea?sp.等。这些珊瑚表明其所在地层的时代不是中二叠世,因此不能划为中二叠统下拉组。通过与已有上侏罗统岩石地层单位的对比分析,该套地层应属于吐卡日组。本研究吐卡日组的发现证明了保吉地区的上侏罗统并非缺失,而是礁滩相碳酸盐岩地层。这一发现进一步表明了措勤盆地上侏罗统并非缺失,也不仅仅是接奴群或者是拉贡塘组为代表的碎屑岩沉积,而且也有上侏罗统礁滩相碳酸盐岩地层。这一发现为开展措勤盆地礁滩相上侏罗统的油气勘探工作提供了地层古生物学证据,因此,笔者建议将上侏罗统吐卡日组作为措勤盆地新的油气勘探目标层系。     

新疆北塔山晚志留—早泥盆世苔藓虫

本文描述的上志留统一下泥盆统的苔藓虫标本产自新疆东准噶尔北塔山地区。上志留统考克赛组中包括6属7种,它们是:Fistulipora granulosa Astrova, Hallopora xinjiangensis Lu, Semicoscinium pyramidatum Kopaevich, Sem. fragilis Astrova, Chasmatopora sp., Orthopora sp., Sceptropora sp.; 下泥盆统托让格库都克组中包括2属3种:Fistulipora Sp., Semicoscinium baytikensis Wang et Lu(sp. nov.), Sem. kurjensis Nekhoroshev.根据上述苔藓虫组合特征,可建立两个苔藓虫组合,上志留统为Fistulipora granulosa-Hallopora xinjiangensis组合;下泥盆统为Semicoscinium baytikensis-Sem. kurjensis组合。     

湖南中泥盆统一下石炭统海参化石

本文描述了湖南中泥盆统—下石炭统海参化石6个属、12个种(1个新属、8个新种):T huroholia crassa sp. nov., Th. hexangularia sp, nov., Th.pulchra sp. nov., Th. marginata Langenheim＆Fpis, Th. regularis sp. nov., paraeocaudina minularis gen. et sp. nov., Paracucumarites asymmetricus sp, nov., Protocaudina traquairii(Ftheridge). Pro. symmetrica sp. nov., Microantyx betoni Gutschick. Mortensenites teat sp. nov,, 讨论了它们的地层分布和地层对比。此外,扼要地介绍了海参化石基本构造及其地层意义。     

Stratigraphic Implications of Skeletal Microfossils from the Cambrian of Korea: A Preliminary Report

Diverse small shelly fossils and other associated fossils were recently recovered from the Cambrian Hanaeri section, southwestern Mungyeong, Korea. The fauna includes conoidal problematica, poriferans (sponge spicules), coeloscleritophorans (chancelloriids), brachiopods, monoplacophorans, trilobite (?) fragments, echinoderms, and conodonts. A preliminary assessment of faunal associations, stratigraphic implications, and the correlation of these skeletal fossils is given, based on occurrences of Actinotheca cf. mira (He), Microcornus sp., Torellela laevigata (Linnarsson), Torellela sp., Archiasterella quadratina Lee, Chancelloria sp., Lingulella sp., Prototreta sp., Phakelodus tenuis (Müller), Phakelodus elongates (An), Hertzina sp., and Furnishina sp.     

Stratigraphic Implications of Skeletal Microfossils from the Cambrian of Korea: A Preliminary Report

Diverse small shelly fossils and other associated fossils were recently recovered from the Cambrian Hanaeri section, southwestern Mungyeong, Korea. The fauna includes conoidal problematica, poriferans (sponge spicules), coeloscleritophorans (chancelloriids), brachiopods, monoplacophorans, trilobite (?) fragments, echinoderms, and conodonts. A preliminary assessment of faunal associations, stratigraphic implications, and the correlation of these skeletal fossils is given, based on occurrences of Actinotheca cf. mira (He), Microcornus sp., Torellela laevigata (Linnarsson), Torellela sp., Archiasterella quadratina Lee, Chancelloria sp., Lingulella sp., Prototreta sp., Phakelodus tenuis (Müller), Phakelodus elongates (An), Hertzina sp., and Furnishina sp.     

再论海南岛南好地区“南好组”的地质时代——兼评“海南省南好地区南好组地质特征及时代”一文

海南岛保亭县南好地区"南好组"所产腕足类Xinanospirifer flabellum Rong,Xu et Yang,X.cf.sanduensis(Jing),三叶虫Latiproetus cf.latilimbatus(Grabau)和腹足类Homotoma sp.等化石证明,该组的地质时代为早志留世特里奇期晚期。对腕足类化石的深入研究结果表明,早先划分该地区下石炭统岩关阶"南好组"所依据的主要化石Eochoristites sp.,Fusella sp.,Cyrtiopsis sp.,Tenticospirifer cf.supervilis,Cyrtospirifer sp.等是误定的结果,不能用作地层划分对比的证据。因此,陈哲培等(2012)根据早已废弃的化石名单得出南好地区"南好组"属下石炭统岩关阶的结论明显有误。对南兵—南好公路剖面、南好矿区锌山等早先采获早石炭世腕足类化石产地的反复多次采集,都没有重复采到原先报道的化石种类、而全部为早志留世属种,以及南好地区迄今没有发现可靠的早石炭世化石等事实表明,该地区既不存在下石炭统,也不存在下石炭统与下志留统之间的不整合接触关系。"南好组"原选层型剖面的地质构造极其复杂、地层多次重复、叠覆关系不明、层序混乱、厚度不清,不能充当岩石地层单位的选层型,应连同"南好组"一名一并废弃。     

从北疆某超基性岩体首次发现原生金刚石和辉砷钴矿探讨该岩体成岩温度压力

某超基性岩体位于北疆一起基性岩带南段.岩带呈北东一南西向延展,长100余公里,宽约5公里,由10个岩体组成,本岩体为其中规模较大的一个.岩体长20余公里,最宽处约2公里,走向北东一南西,倾向北西,倾角60度左右.岩体在剖面、平面上,形态均较复杂.岩体侵贯于下石炭统两个岩组的接触线附近,岩体上盘围岩是太勒古拉组的灰色、灰黑色凝灰质砂岩、粉砂岩、凝灰岩等,其底部有较大量的从中性到基性的喷出岩(安山岩、玄武岩、辉绿岩、细碧岩等)及钙质砂岩.岩体下盘围岩是包古图组的灰黑色薄层凝灰岩、粉砂岩、砂岩和灰绿色凝灰岩互层.互层间夹有砾岩、硅质岩、凝灰角砾岩等.本岩体为含纯橄岩、二辉橄榄岩、橄榄岩等岩相的斜辉辉橄岩岩体.其具有二大特点:     

Abstracts of Acta Geologica Sinica (Chinese Edition) Vol. 78, No. 3,2004

A Taxanomic Study on Primitive EuconodontsWU Guichun, YAO Jianxin and JI Zhansheng(Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037)Primitive euconodonts are extrmely abundant and varied in the Late Cambrian in western Shandong Province. Two new genera are established, including Camconodontus gen. nov. and Laiwunodus gen. nov. Among them the following species are described: Camconodontus rotundatus gen. et sp. nov., Camconodontus sp., Laiwunodus lateronodus gen. et sp. nov., and     

西藏措勤盆地上侏罗统萨波直不勒组的发现及其烃源岩

措勤盆地东部班戈县保吉乡各昌茶玉地区发现晚侏罗世珊瑚化石约10属15种及未定种,分别为Actinaraea?sp.,Allocoenia?sp.,A.matheyi(Koby),Clausastraea?sp.,Hydnophora?sp.,Latiastraea minima(Koby),Latiastraea?sp.,Meandraraea?sp.,Stylosmilia crassitheca Liao et al Li,S.corallina Koby,Thamnasteria?sp.,T.concinna(Goldfuss),Thecosmilia.baojiensis sp.nov.,Thecosmilia?sp.,Trocharaea cf.patelliformis Gregory等。化石指示各昌茶玉剖面第1—41层地层时代为晚侏罗世牛津期—基默里奇期。珊瑚化石产出的层位原来被认为是混杂在中侏罗世蛇绿岩中的中二叠统下拉组,本文根据剖面中化石及岩性组合特点将其修订为上侏罗统萨波直不勒组,并得出了该地区不存在原来所认为的中二叠统下拉组与中侏罗统蛇绿岩构造混杂现象的认识。本次萨波直不勒组与改则县物玛乡抢古村建组剖面相对比,其岩性更细、灰岩夹层更多,珊瑚化石更为丰富,代表了更远离陆源碎屑源区的沉积环境,进一步证明晚侏罗世冈底斯地区地势是从北向南逐渐加深的,措勤盆地在晚侏罗世处于活动型深海-半深海相和上斜坡相的沉积环境中。保吉地区萨波直不勒组顶部存在上斜坡相68 m厚黑色泥页岩,TOC(总有机碳)平均值为0.83%,属于中等-好烃源岩,剖面第20层12 m厚黑色泥岩TOC值为0.65%,属于中等烃源岩。萨波直不勒组顶部为上斜坡相沉积,分布范围应该比上覆的吐卡日组更广泛。经计算,措勤盆地内萨波直不勒组烃源岩的生烃量约为44.373亿吨。萨波直不勒组的泥页岩为措勤盆地提供了充足的油源保障,同时其中的碳酸盐岩夹层也可能是油气有利储层,建议对上侏罗统萨波直不勒组开展钻探取样工作,获取更为翔实丰富的有机地球化学参数。     

Abstracts of Acta Geologica Sinica (Chinese Edition) Vol. 78, No. 3,2004

A Taxanomic Study on Primitive EuconodontsWU Guichun, YAO Jianxin and JI Zhansheng(Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037)Primitive euconodonts are extrmely abundant and varied in the Late Cambrian in western Shandong Province. Two new genera are established, including Camconodontus gen. nov. and Laiwunodus gen. nov. Among them the following species are described: Camconodontus rotundatus gen. et sp. nov., Camconodontus sp., Laiwunodus lateronodus gen. et sp. nov., and     

New Fossil Beetles of the Family Ommatidae （Coleoptera： Archostemata） from the Jehol Biota of China

A new genus with one new species and five new species of genus Amblomma of fossil ommatids are described and illustrated： Euryomma tylodes gen. et sp. nov., Amblomma cyclodonta sp. nov., Amblomma miniscula sp. nov., Amblomma porrecta sp. nov., Amblomma eumeura sp. nov., and Amblomma protensa sp. nov. All of them were collected from the Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, China. A key to the species of Amblomma is given. The wide epipleural space shows that Euryomma may be a primitive genus in Ommatidae. Many different species of Amblomma occurred within the same sedimentary horizon in this area could be environmental changes caused by frequent volcanic activities during the deposition of the Yixian Formation.     

CORALS OF THE UPPER SILURIAN SPIRIFER TINGI BEDS OF KWEICHOW.

The species of corals here described comprise the following.1. Favosites forbesi E. & H. vat kweitungensis Grabau2. Omphyma glomerata Grabau.3. Omphyma cystiphylloides Grabau.4. Cystiphyllum omphymiforme Grabau.5. Cystiphyllnm sp.6. Amplexus of lojopingensis Grabau.With these corals occur numerous well-preserved specimens of Spirifer tingi Gr. and several other brachiopods of undescribed species. Also a species of Holopea, probably H. yilungensis Gr.Though not large, this fauna is distinctive and consists of typical Silurian forms.The Spirifer tingi beds were first recognized as a part of the Miaokao group in the Chütshing region of East Yunnan, where these beds overlie the Lower Silurian Mientien group disconformably, and have an exposed thickness of 165 metres. The fauna in the typical section at Yilung comprises the following species~1.ANTHOZOA.Cladopora kütsingensis GrabauBRACHIOPODACamarotoechia of tongkinensis Mans.Spirifer (Eospirifer) tingi Grabau.PELECYPODAPterinea mientienensis GrabauActinopteria mansuyi GrabauModiolopsis miaokaoensis GrabauModiolopsis sp.Leda yilungensis GrabauPraecardium distans GrabauGASTROPODAHormotoma kütsingensis GrabauH. kütsingensis var. major GrabauHolopea yilungensis Grabau OSTRACODALeperditia tingi GrabauLeperditia sp.Entomis? corduroides GrabauIn the East Yunnan region, the Spirifer tingi beds are overlain by the Spirifer bourgeoisi beds, and these by higher beds with Ceratiocaris, while still higher beds with fish remains succeed these. None of these higher beds however, have so far been found in Kweichow. The stratigraphy is given in the following note by V. K. Ting.     

西藏班戈县扎穷地区古生界混杂岩块中发现中生代化石

西藏班戈县新吉乡扎穷地区新发现了晚侏罗世珊瑚化石10属11种:Stylina?sp.、Goniocora annulata Roniewicz,Epistreptophyllum cf.cornutiformis(Gregory),Solenocoenia?sp.,Calamophylliopsis moreauana(Michelin),Thamnasteria?sp.,Clausastraea?sp.、Isastraea?sp.,Montlivaltia?sp.,Montlivaltia tenuilamellata Roniewicz,Thecosmilia?sp.,早白垩世珊瑚化石3属3种:Eohydnophora tosaensis YabeEquchi、Clausastraea tabulate Morycowa、Stylosmilia baojiensis sp.nov.,早白垩世腹足类化石5属8种:Mesoglauconia neumayri(Nagao),Rhabdocolpus asiaticum Djalilov,Pseudomesalia bangoinensis Yu,Mesoglauconia bicarinata(Hamlin),Mesoglauconia arkelli Mennessier,Nerinea domaensis Yu,Mesoglauconia cf.arkelli Mennessier,Microschizacf.inflata Orbigny。根据上述化石,原中二叠统下拉组被修订为上侏罗统吐卡日组和下白垩统朗山组,原下石炭统永珠组被修订为下白垩统多尼组。上述地层时代修订的意义如下:(1)上侏罗统吐卡日组的分布范围向南可以到达扎穷地区,进一步否定了冈底斯南部在晚侏罗世是古陆的认识。(2)朗山组和多尼组的发现指示早白垩世海相地层分布范围向南可以扩展到扎穷地区,这对冈底斯南部在早白垩世是古陆或岛弧的认识提出了质疑。(3)扎穷地区不存在古生界岩块与中侏罗统蛇绿岩构造混杂的现象。本区的构造活动强度并不强烈,没有造成古生界岩块大规模出露并混杂堆积的现象。(4)因为吐卡日组、多尼组和朗山组分布范围的扩大、措勤盆地中部构造破坏并不强烈,所以措勤盆地的油气前景进一步变好。     

新疆喀喇昆仑山啌喀山口一带发现单通道(竹蜓)(Monodiexodina)动物群

1982年笔者随新疆区调大队四分队在甜水海西南的喀喇昆仑山工作。我们在加勒万河谷,温泉,啌喀山口一带发现多处丰富的早二迭世筵类化石。这些筵类沿崆喀山口大断裂南北两侧作较有规律的分布。崆喀山口断裂北侧,为一套浅海相的灰岩,生物灰岩、角砾状灰岩夹灰黑色碳质粉砂岩及炭质细砂岩、浅黄绿色薄层细砂岩。角砾状灰岩及灰岩中含有大量筵类化石:Neoschwagerina sp.,Misellina sp.,Schwagerina sp.,Parafusulina sp.,Yangchienia sp.,Schubertella sp.,Pseudofusulina sp.,Ozawainellasp.,Chusenella sp.,Pseudodoliolina sp.,Sumatrina sp.等。     

Mesozoic Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in Spanish Amber: Reanalysis of the Phylogeny of the Evanioidea

<正>One new genus and five new species of the family Evaniidae are described from the Early Cretaceous (Albian)Spanish amber of Penacerrada-Ⅰ(Province of Burgos),San Just and Arroyo de la Pascueta(both in the Province of Teruel):Cretevania alonsoi sp.nov.,C.montoyai sp.nov.,C.alcalai sp.nov.,C.rubusensis sp.nov.,and Iberoevania roblesi gen.and sp.nov.Taxonomic changes include Cretevania pristina(Zhang and Zhang,2000) comb.nov.,C.exquisita(Zhang,Rasmtsyn,Wang and Zhang,2007)comb.nov.,C.vesca(Zhang,Rasnitsyn,Wang and Zhang,2007)comb.nov.,and C.cyrtocerca(Deans,2004)comb.nov.,as a result of the reinterpretation of the genera Procretevania and Eovernevania.The new well preserved specimens of the genus Cretevania,together with the characters shown by the type specimens of the synonymized genera,give new information about their anatomical characters of taxonomical importance,and the genus Cretevania Rasnitsyn,1975 is re-diagnosed.The holotypes of the Russian species in amber have been revised.A cladistic analysis of fossil and extant groups of the superfamily Evanioidea is included.Cretevania had a wide palaeogeographic distribution,with the highest diversity known from Spain.The 13 known Cretevania species show a high interspecific variation mainly in wing characteristics,and a wide range of body and wing size.