华北八次强震前区域地震单位平均能量迁移速率变化特征

在强震发生前，发现平均能量迁移速率Ｖ△Ｔ值是减少的，华北地区八次强震中有六次震前出现低值异常，有五次地震发生在Ｖ△Ｔ最低值出现并恢复合的一年左右。整个Ｖ△Ｔ低值异常持续时间和幅度与未来震级无明显的对应关系，笔认为Ｖ△Ｔ是与介质的时间平均强度相应的，与地震活动的时，空分布图像有相应关系的特征量。     

基于结构能量分析的抗震设计新方法的研究

概要介绍了多自由度结构能量分析方法，根据单自由度体系得到的输入能量谱，研究分析了多自由度与单自由度输入能量和耗能的等效性问题，并对一座钢筋混凝土框架结构算例进行了能量计算，对计算结果进行了分析，为能量分析设计方法应用于结构抗震设计进行有益的探索。     

用宽频带辐射能量检验地震能量标度性

本文研究了宽频带辐射能量的能量－频度关系，并试图以此对地震能量标度性假说进行重新检验．结果表明，宽频带辐射能量与其他震级标度之间似乎并不存在一个理想的能量－震级关系，然而至少对所研究的日本和阿拉斯加地区而言，直接针对宽频带辐射能量的频度统计可以得到更好的标度性．     

中小地震宽频带辐射能量的单台测定

辐射能量是独立于地震矩的另一个重要的震源参数，在地震危险性和地震危害的评估工作中具有重要的实际意义。通过辐射能量和地震矩的比较可以估计视应力，而视应力是震源物理研究中一个重要的物理量。考虑到我国地震台网分布不均匀的情况，本文尝试利用单台宽频带波形资料进行辐射能量的测定。选用CDSN昆明台(KMI)记录的中小地震宽频带波形资料，分析地震图横向分量上的SH波及其后续震相，采用哈佛大学的震源机制结果进行辐射花样因子的校正，通过采用Brune模型，用补偿谱的方法试错得到品质因子Q。所得结果与NEIC用远震体波测得的能量结果具有较好的一致性。用同样的方法，还对更小的地震进行了能量测定的尝试，结果表明小地震的视应力一地震矩标度关系似乎与中强震有所不同。     

复杂地震系统的数字模拟

借用细胞自动机的计算处理方法，对地震孕育过程中整个系统能量输入，积累，释放，传播等进行了数字模拟，并研究了复杂地震系统的整体特征，结果表明，整体调整系统，地震时能量的损耗系数，外部构造应力场的驱动力大小会影响到地震系统中能量积累和释放的状况，影响到Ｇ－Ｒ关系中ｂ值的大小。     

天山各分区地震活动性与能量积累阶段关系初探

本文研究了天山各地震构造区的地震活动特征与所处能量积累阶段之间的关系，在此基础上分析了天山各分区当前地震危险性。初步得到处于不同能量积累阶段的天山不同地震构造区的地震活动特点及其所反映的能量积累状态。认为天山地区的地震活动性既受区域构造运动强度的影响，又受地震构造所处的能量积累阶段的影响。对于构造运动非常强烈的地区，正确判断其目前所处能量积累阶段，可以对未来地震震级上限有比较准确的判断；而对现今地震活动相对较弱地区所处能量积累阶段的判断，可使我们对潜在地震危险有较充分的认识。研究表明，南天山西段各区能量积累水平大都进入中、后期阶段，地震活动水平高，地震危险性明显高于北天山和中天山各区（段）。北天山各分区以及中天山地区能量积累多处于早、中期阶段．     

增强异型柱框架结构抗震耗能能力的研究

本文以试验研究为基础，分析了异型柱框架结构抗震耗能能力的问题，有关结论可供抗震设计参考。     

与频度或能量有关的各种地震学指标的相关性研究

应用川滇11个地震带（区）资料，研究了与地震频度N或地震能量E有关的各种地震学指标在描述地震活动性变化方面的相关性．统计相关检验表明，从地震频度N或地震能量E变换得到的各种地震学指标，与N或E在描述地震活动性变化方面都在一定程度上相关．凡属线性变换的，相关系数为１；偏离线性变换愈小，相关系数愈大．      

地震能量吸引子维数研究

探测一个复杂系统，往往是通过某一时、空域内对一个“适当“变量的观察进行的，初看起来似乎单变量时间序列只能提供十分有限的信息，实则单变量时间序列包含着丰富的信息，它蕴藏着参与动态变化的全部其它变量的痕迹，并使人们得以验证潜在体系的某些与任何模型化无关的重要特征。此种特性为引进能量吸引子提供了可行性。     

双能量CT虚拟单能量成像在鉴别脊柱急慢性压缩骨折中的应用价值

目的:探讨双能量CT虚拟单能量成像在鉴别脊柱急慢性压缩骨折中的应用价值.方法:收集85例脊柱压缩性骨折患者行双能量CT及MRI检查并进行回顾性分析,其中50例急性压缩性骨折(共60个椎体)、35例慢性压缩性骨折(共48个椎体).所有病灶椎体均有MRI诊断结果作为参照.将双能量CT图像数据进行虚拟单能量重建,分别得到40...     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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