云南古地磁次生剩磁的研究

在古地磁研究中,次生剩磁往往被作为“有害组分”而剔出。本文为了说明次生剩磁的利用。笔者采用了多种方法,对云南不同时代地层的1238个古地磁样品作了较详细的研究。结果表明,云南曾遭受过多期重磁化作用,其中全新世和始新世时期的重磁化影响面最大。始新世产生的与印度次大陆同欧亚大陆的碰撞有关。本成果为了对云南的古地磁次生与原生剩磁的辩别提供依据,也为次生剩磁的应用开拓新的途径。     

青藏高原古地磁研究新结果

本文给出了青藏高原主要地体古生代至中生代的27个古地磁新数据,并综合前人资料,分析和探讨了青藏高原主要地体的古地理分布、地体边界、地体拼合时代及青藏高原隆升机制等地质问题,并初步建立了青藏高原主要地体演化模式。     

古地磁研究工作的回顾

在本世纪40-50年代古地磁学科创立之初,李四光教授就敏锐地预见到,新兴的古地磁方法在研究地壳运动问题时可能发挥独特的重要作用。      

东北地块大兴安岭地区的古地磁研究

本文通过对东北地块大兴安岭地区古生界泥盆系，奥陶系及岩体的古地磁研究，结合已有的古地磁研究成果，发现奥陶纪时，东北地块，东北地块，西伯利亚地块，华北地块很接近，表明三者此时可能为联合古陆，泥盆纪时，东北地块快速向南向北运动，导致三者之间的分离，至晚二叠纪，东北地块靠近华北地块而远离西伯利亚地块，至晚株罗世－早白垩世，三者又拼合在一起。     

陇西黄土剖面的古地磁研究

The Longxi loess section is quite different from that at eastern Liupanshan Meuntains in stratigraphic structure, but with better magnetic stability than that of Luochuan loess. 43 samples were collected from the 95 m-thick Longxi loess section. Results of palcomagnetic measurement indicates that those samples taken from 0 down to 48m in.the section are normally magnetized. So there is no doubt that this part of Longxi loess was accumulated during the Brunhes epoch corresponding to the Middle Pleistocene Lishi Loess (Q2) and the Late Pleistocene Maian Loess (Q3). On the other hand, samples between 48-82 m within the section are mainly of reversed polarity, formed during the Matuyama reversed polarity epoch, corresponding to the Early Pleistocene Wucheng Loess (Q1). Jaramillo normal event was recorded at between 64-69m within this section. The starting point of loess accumulation is estimated to be about 1.15 my according to the boundary ages of polarity epochs and event and an accumulation rate of 8 cm per thousand years was obtained.     

贵州草海沉积物的古地磁地层学初步研究

从贵州威宁县草海湖区的窑上、陈选屯两天然剖面和CK15、CK17两钻孔剖面共取得古地磁定向样品252块。测量结果表明，陈选屯组、窑上组(以CK17孔为代表)属于高斯正极性世。松坡组(以CK15孔为代表)主要形成于布容正极性世。本区在松山倒转极性世时有一段较长时间的沉积间断，并因构造运动，使地层发生倾斜。根据古地磁结果结合^14C、孢粉和地质古生物资料，对本区地层进行了划分和对比，认为陈选屯组，窑上组主要属于晚更新世或更早些、CK15孔揭露的松坡组属于中更新世至全新世。     

洛川黄土剖面的古地磁研究

Paleomagnetic measurements were conducted on 96 ariented loess specimens collected from the Lochuan section in Shanxi Prov., the total thickness of which is up to 130 m and more. The results have provided evidence that the deposition of Late Pleistocene Malan Loess and Middle Pleistocene Lishih Loess in the Lochuan section took place during the Brunhes normal epoch. The lower limit of the Lishih Loess which represents the boundary between the Brunhes epoch and the Matuyama epoch is located at the top of the lower silt bed, corresponding to a depth of 75 m. The Wucheng Loess, which recorded the Jalomillo normal polarity event, deposited during the middle-late period of the Matuyama reversed epoch. The upper limit of the Jalamillo is set at a depth of 100 m. and the lower limit at 110 m. Experiments have shown that rotated remanent magnetization of the specimen resulted from AF demagnetization Can be effectively eliminated by means of magnetic cleaning in opposite directions,despite of the differences in magnetic stability and ages of various strata (loess, silt bed, buried soil and weathered beds) in the Lochuan section.     

塔里木盆地古地磁研究新成果

古地磁学在定量研究地质问题方面具有其它学科无法比拟的优势,古地磁场是目前唯一能被直接测定的保留了地质历史时期地磁场的主要参数。通过高密度采样和高精度测试获得高质量的基础数据,运用最新统计检验方法对多种磁性分量进行多重分析,各种特征分量可定量地反映出采样区的古地理位置和古环境及其后期的构造单元变化状况。“八五”和“九五”期间,在国家攻关项目“塔里木盆地次级构造单元和区域构造的古地磁研究”（编号：８５－１０１－０１－１９）和“塔里木盆地深部构造和板块构造特征”（编号：９６－１１１－０１－０１－０１）…     

岩心裂缝重定向的古地磁方法研究

裂缝信息对于低渗透储层的勘探开发具有重要意义。本文在深入探讨利用古地磁方法进行岩心裂缝重定向原理的基础上,详细介绍了岩心裂缝重定向的工作方法。针对垂直及平行于岩心中心轴的两种样品加工方式,推导出可直接利用退磁结果表达的裂缝方向的公式,并将这一结果应用于鄂尔多斯盆地一口有裂缝井的岩心,取得较好的应用效果。研究结果表明,利用古地磁方法进行岩心裂缝重定向具有操作简便、成本较低、且精度相对较高的特点。本文研究结果对于鄂尔多斯盆地的裂缝系统研究具有参考意义。     

华南二叠系的古地磁结果分析

本文从磁化方向的对蹠性、极移曲线、视地极移动速率、石炭-二叠纪基亚曼反向极性期的终止时间、峨眉山玄武岩的地层关系和K-Ar同位素年龄值等方面的分析,得出结论,认为峨眉山玄武岩正向磁化方向不代表二叠纪的原生剩磁方向,只有反向磁化方向有可能代表了二叠纪的原生剩磁方向。     

应用古地磁研究云南古猿的生存年代

应用古地磁研究方法，对我省出土古猿化石的开远小龙潭煤系，禄丰石灰坝的砂、砾石、褐煤层及元谋竹棚、小河一带的砂、泥质层作了系统的古地磁采样测试得出：（１）开远小龙潭煤系及动物群化石的时代为５．１０－１０．００Ｍａ，其中，开远古猿产出层位的年代为８．３０±０．１０Ｍａ。（２）禄丰石灰坝含古猿及哺乳动物化石的一套砂、砾石、褐煤的时代为３．８９－４．５９Ｍａ，禄丰古猿化石产出层位的年代为４．００±０．１０Ｍａ。（３）元谋竹棚、小河一带古猿化石及动物群的地层时代为２．１２－３．４０Ｍａ，其中元谋蝴蝶古猿的时代为２．７６±０．１０Ｍａ，竹棚猿人的年代为２．１３±０．１０Ｍａ。上述古猿的地质年代为晚中新世一早更新世。云南古猿的演化，从开远小龙潭到禄丰石灰坝直至元谋竹棚、小河一带，在时间和地点上构成了一连续的演化序列。云南古猿生存年代的进一步确定，对研究人类的起源、演化及寻找人类的祖先有着重要的科学意义。     

河北衡水地区钻孔岩芯的古地磁研究

Paleomagnetic measurements were carried out on 134 vertically oriented spccimens taken from a Cenozoic drilling core in the Hengshui area, North China Plain.An alternating magnetic field with a peak value of 160 Oe, was adopted for oppositedirection-magnetic cleaning to eliminate secondary viscous and rotated remanent magnetization. The results proved greatly successful. It is evident from the paleomagnetic studies that geomagnetic polarity epochs and events were recorded in this set of loose sediments during the last 3 m.y. with the boundary between the Brunhes normal epoch and the Matuyama reversed epoch (ca. 0.7m.y.) at a depth of 140m and the Matuyama-Gauss boundary (ca. 2.43m.y.) at 489 m depth with respect to the drilling cores. At present, it is acceptable that the beginning of the Quarternary should be dated back at 1.8--2 m.y., rightly corresponding to the basal limit of the Olduvia event at the depth of 360m. The area is characterized by a high and constant rate of sedimentation (ca. 200mm per 1,000 years).