桂北向阳坪铀矿床矿石矿物LA-ICP-MS原位稀土元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体的制约

向阳坪铀矿床是桂北苗儿山地区最具代表性的花岗岩型铀矿床,对该矿床矿石矿物REE开展了微区原位研究并结合前人研究成果进行了综合分析,表明铀黑∑REE介于689.12×10^-6～869.31×10^-6之间,LREE相对富集,HREE相对亏损具强Eu负异常及Ce正异常,TE_1,3值介于1.26～1.33之间,具典型M型四分组效应;沥青铀矿∑REE介于569.73×10^-6～3 373.83×10^-6之间表现出两种特征:①LREE富集,HREE亏损,轻重稀土元素分馏程度较大具强Eu负异常和弱Ce正异常,配分曲线呈右倾型;②轻重稀土元素分馏程度较小,Eu负异常明显弱Ce负异常,配分曲线呈海鸥型。围岩稀土元素配分模式相似,Y/Ho值范围狭窄,指示具有相同物源;矿石矿物稀土元素与围岩存在较大差异,亲缘性不明显。成矿作用伴随围岩发生蚀变及围岩高铀背景;成矿流体具多阶段、富U-Y-REE特征,铀主要来自深部热液,围岩贡献不显著;矿床定位受构造-岩体联合控制,矿体规模、形态受构造规模、产状控制。     

内蒙古东七一山萤石矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征及成因

运用等离子质谱和等离子体光谱对内蒙古东七一山萤石矿的萤石矿石和围岩样品的稀土元素进行了系统分析.结果表明,矿石的∑REE<30×10-6,LREE为5×10-6～15×10-6,HREE<5×10-6,Y<20 ×10-6;而围岩的∑REE>290×10-6,LREE>240×10-6,HREE>40×10-6,Y>70×10-6.可将萤石矿石的稀土元素的分布型式分为轻、重稀土富集型两类一类矿石的∑REE多小于29×10-6,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别大于7和12,δEu、δCe的变化范围分别为0.85～1.10,Ce、Eu基本不显异常;另一类的∑REE 约18×10-6 ,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别小于3和2,δEu为0.45～0.70,δCe为0.70～0.90,具明显的负Eu异常,Ce微具负异常.矿石与围岩的稀土地球化学研究显示,该萤石矿系岩浆热液成因.     

黔东南从江那哥铜多金属矿床稀土元素地球化学特征

那哥铜多金属矿床是江南古陆西南端黔东南地区多金属矿床的典型代表。该矿床产于新元古界地层中,受近东西向构造控制,与辉绿岩空间接触。利用ICP-MS,本文系统获得了该矿床矿石、赋矿围岩、外围花岗岩和隐伏花岗斑岩的REE组成,结果显示矿石具有变化的总稀土含量(∑REE=6.61×10-6～235×10-6)、轻稀土富集和负Eu异常(δEu=0.59～0.88)特征;赋矿围岩∑REE值范围较宽,介于74.2×10-6～286×10-6,并具有轻稀土富集和负Eu异常(δEu=0.79～0.88)特征;辉绿岩∑REE值介于78.1×10-6～90.9×10-6,较为稳定,为轻稀土富集和不明显的Eu异常特征(δEu介于0.98～1.01);花岗岩总稀土含量稳定(∑REE=132×10-6～193×10-6),具有轻稀土富集和明显的Eu负异常特征(δEu介于0.55～0.79);新发现隐伏花岗斑岩∑REE=74.9×10-6～120×10-6,具有轻稀土明显富集和显著的Eu负异常(δEu=0.44～0.56)。对比研究认为,那哥铜多金属矿床成矿流体中的REE主要继承围岩,表明部分成矿物质由赋矿地层岩石提供。     

湖南花垣地区铅锌矿床稀土元素地球化学特征初步研究

本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析了湖南花垣地区铅锌矿床中闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿以及围岩灰岩中的稀土元素含量,并对成矿物质及成矿流体来源进行了探讨.测试结果表明:花垣地区铅锌矿床矿石硫化物的稀土总量较低,平均值为0.16× 10-6,明显低于围岩灰岩的稀土元素总量平均值5.75×10-6.具有高的∑LREE/Σ HREE比值,轻重稀土分馏明显,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,稀土配分曲线均为右倾型.三种矿石硫化物样品多表现出正Eu异常,弱正Ce异常的特点,围岩灰岩则存在中等程度的负Eu异常和负Ce异常.矿石硫化物的Y/Ho值主要介于11~ 23,低于围岩灰岩的Y/Ho值26~39.两者稀土元素组成具有较大的差异性,反映了矿石硫化物与赋矿围岩灰岩之间的非同源性,推断该区含矿层并不是成矿物质的主要来源,成矿物质应来源于古老基底地层和下伏地层牛蹄塘组,成矿流体来源为具有海水混合的还原性热液流体.     

滇东富乐铅锌矿区地层稀土元素地球化学

通过对罗平富乐铅锌矿区地层及矿石进行了稀土元素地球化学特征对比研究.结果显示,梁山组样品 ΣREE值25.91×10-6~108.40×10-6,δEu值0.35~0.73,δCe值0.64~1.35.具Eu负异常和Ce弱正异常;阳新组碳酸盐岩样品 ΣREE值0.82×10-6~6.75×10-6,δEu值0.15~0.97,δCe值0.22~0.62,具Eu负异常和Ce负异常;玄武岩样品 ΣREE值204.17×10-6~290.57×10-6,δEu值变化范围0.91~0.97,δCe值1.02~1.03,Eu异常和Ce异常不明显.峨眉山玄武岩、阳新组、梁山组岩石与矿石REE配分模式比较区别明显,暗示成矿物质并非这些地层提供另有其它来源;梁山组及含矿地层阳新组样品为轻稀土富集型,并具有Eu负异常,暗示地层可能形成于被动大陆边缘还原环境.     

西昆仑阿巴列克地区地层样品稀土元素地球化学特征

阿巴列克地区位于西昆仑铅、锌、铜等多金属矿带的中部,该区具有极大的找矿潜力。为阐述成矿物质来源,本文系统测定了该区霍什拉甫组8条地层剖面82件样品的稀土元素组成。分析结果表明,样品的稀土元素含量变化较大,其∑REE、∑LREE、∑HREE、Y含量的变化范围分别为(7.52~220.70)×10-6(、5.82~198.46)×10-6、(1.49~32.74)×10-6和(4.77~91.30)×10-6;绝大多数样品的球粒陨石标准化配分模式均为典型的LREE富集型(∑LREE/∑HREE平均值6.57),轻重稀土分馏显著[(La/Yb)N平均值8.20],并具弱负Eu异常(δEu平均值0.77),Ce异常不明显(δCe平均值0.88)。对比研究发现,阿巴列克地区地层样品与西昆仑多金属矿带内其它四个代表性矿床(铁克里克、塔木、卡兰古、托库孜阿特)的岩石、矿石样品的稀土元素组成特征较一致,表明该矿带众多矿床的成矿物质与围岩二者间存在密切的成因联系。     

滇西小龙河锡矿床、来利山锡矿床萤石、方解石微量元素地球化学特征

为研究滇西小龙河锡矿床和来利山锡矿床的成矿流体演化特征和矿床成因,采用等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)对2个矿床中的脉石矿物萤石和方解石进行了微量元素和稀土元素分析测试。结果表明,小龙河矿床萤石的稀土元素总量(ΣREE)为12.86×10-6~2275.96×10-6,具有弱的负Ce异常和强的负Eu异常,相对富集Rb、Th、U、Pr、Nd和Sm等元素。来利山矿床方解石的ΣREE值低,为3.18×10-6~29.16×10-6,具有弱的负Ce异常,相对富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、Sr和Eu等元素。2个矿床的Y/HoLa/Ho图解和Tb/Ca-Tb/La图解指示萤石和方解石均为热液成因。小龙河矿床成矿物质主要来源于岩浆热液,随着成矿流体的演化,后期明显带有沉积地层物质加入,而来利山矿床成矿物质主要来源于围岩地层。     

贵州遵义牛蹄塘组黑色岩系有机质的稀土元素地球化学研究

以贵州遵义寒武纪初牛蹄塘组黑色岩系的有机质为分析对象,对22个样品的稀土元素(REE)组成进行了研究,结果表明:①有机质的∑REE占全岩∑REE的lO%左右,且其REE标准化配分曲线不同于全岩的.由于有机质主要来自海洋上层水体中的微生物,囚而可以认为其REE特征代表的是古海洋上层水体的稀土元素组成特征;②有机质的REE总量变化于11.6×10-6～548×10-6之间,Ce异常系数变化于O.40～O.92之间,Eu异常系数变化于O.59～1.14之间.有机质的ce异常系数和LaN/CeN值在剖面上显示明显的变化,指示研究区经历了大陆斜坡到大洋盆地再到大陆边缘的环境,指示在寒武纪初存在一次海侵.     

藏北南羌塘陆块北缘晚三叠世弄佰组火山岩的特征及构造环境

藏北南羌塘陆块北缘发育一套晚三叠世火山岩,命名为弄佰组。该组火山岩以玄武岩为主。岩石化学成分以低TiO_2、FeO Fe_2O_3、K_2O为特征。∑REE介于162.91×10~(-6)383.4×10~(-6)之间,∑Ce／∑Y介于1.83～3.00之间,δEu介于0.47～0.97之间,平均为0.73,负Eu异常较明显。微量元素Sr、K、Rb、Ba、Th、Ce、Sm强烈富集,Ta、Nb、P、Ti、Cr相对亏损。岩石学和岩石地球化学特征表明弄佰组火山岩形成于消减带岛弧区。弄佰组火山岩出露于龙木错-双湖结合带的南侧,K-Ar同位素年龄值为223Ma±5Ma.与双湖带中蓝片岩和绿片岩相变质岩系的形成年龄(220～235Ma)基本一致,时空关系的紧密相连,说明其形成可能与晚三叠世龙木错-双湖古特提斯洋的南向俯冲消减事件有关。     

大兴安岭克一河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩形成时代、地球化学特征及地质意义

大兴安岭北段克一河地区满克头鄂博组岩石主体岩性为流纹质、英安质火山岩,火山岩TAS图解中显示其为流纹岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,其形成于(139±2)Ma。火山岩多为高钾钙碱性系列,具有高SiO_2和全碱含量。稀土元素总量较低(ΣREE=137.34×10~(-6)~191.18×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏明显((La/Yb)_N=12.57~22.25),具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.40~0.72)。富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti。岩石Sr平均值为115×10~(-6),Yb的平均值为1.70×10~(-6),Y/Yb平均值为9.46,(Ho/Yb)_N平均值为1.04,且具负的Eu异常,暗示岩浆可能来源于加厚麻粒岩下地壳部分熔融,结合区域特征,推测该火山岩可能形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合碰撞造山所导致的地壳加厚环境。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861