Visualization and level-of-detail of metadata for interactive exploration of Sensor Web

There are several issues with Web-based search interfaces on a Sensor Web data infrastructure. It can be difficult to (1) find the proper keywords for the formulation of queries and (2) explore the information if the user does not have previous knowledge about the particular sensor systems providing the information. We investigate how the visualization of sensor resources on a 3D Web-based Digital Earth globe organized by level-of-detail (LOD) can enhance search and exploration of information by easing the formulation of geospatial queries against the metadata of sensor systems. Our case study provides an approach inspired by geographical mashups in which freely available functionality and data are flexibly combined. We use PostgreSQL, PostGIS, PHP, and X3D-Earth technologies to allow the Web3D standard and its geospatial component to be used for visual exploration and LOD control of a dynamic scene. Our goal is to facilitate the dynamic exploration of the Sensor Web and to allow the user to seamlessly focus in on a particular sensor system from a set of registered sensor networks deployed across the globe. We present a prototype metadata exploration system featuring LOD for a multiscaled Sensor Web as a Digital Earth application.     

Progress and challenges in the architecture and service pattern of Earth Observation Sensor Web for Digital Earth

The Earth Observation (EO) Web is the data acquisition and processing network for digital Earth. The EO Web including Data Web and Sensor Web has become one of the most important aspects of the Digital Earth 2020. This paper summarised the history of the development and status quo of the major types of EO data web service systems, including architecture, service pattern and standards. The concepts, development and implementation of the EO Sensor Web were reviewed. Furthermore, we analysed the requirements on the architecture of the next-generation EO Sensor Web system, namely Spaceborne-Airborne-Ground integrated Intelligent EO Sensor Web system, and highlighted the virtualization, intelligent, pervasive and active development tendency of such system.     

Earth observation metadata ontology model for spatiotemporal-spectral semantic-enhanced satellite observation discovery: a case study of soil moisture monitoring

Monitoring soil moisture with satellite sensors is an effective approach for agricultural drought assessment. Currently, large quantities of sensor-derived observation data with different observation metadata models exist, and they require efficient and accurate methods of discovery. In this study, an earth observation (EO) metadata ontology with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced structure is designed to solve this problem. The ontology is based on the proposed EO metadata model, which is composed of nonfunctional and functional sub-modules and supports the Open Geospatial Consortium EO profile of observations and measurements. Using EO metadata ontology, an application for soil moisture monitoring in Hubei Province in China is tested. The results indicate that metadata retrieval with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced method can efficiently achieve fine-grained discovery of qualified EO metadata and obtain soil moisture monitoring information from sensor images. In summary, the spatiotemporal-spectral semantics in the proposed ontology demonstrate the use of EO metadata in the context of a soil moisture monitoring application, improving the efficiency and accuracy of EO metadata discovery.     

GEOID: GRID Services for Earth Observation Image Data Processing

Abstract

Recent developments in space technology and exponential increase in demand of earth observation data from space have generated a requirement of a data processing environment, where users can discover the data and process, based on their requirements. Grid Services for Earth Observation Image Data Processing (GEOID) is proposed with a motivation to cater to future earth observation applications requirements of digital earth. This paper discusses the overview of the GEOID architecture, its deployment scenario, use-cases and simulation results. Core technologies used for implementation include Grid computing and Service Oriented Architecture. GEOID provides capability to address requirements of applications such as real-time monitoring, time series data processing and processing with user required quality to meet the requirements of end user applications. GEOID allows users to access the archive products or the raw satellite data stream and process their area of interest. Simulations show that applications such as time series analysis show considerable improvement in processing time by using GEOID.     

基于Web服务的数字城市空间数据资源共享研究

数据异构、处理复杂、海量管理、部门专有等问题制约了空间数据在数字城市中广泛的共享与应用。本文以Web服务技术为核心,提出了一个包括管理层、数据层、服务层以及应用层的数字城市空间数据资源共享框架。研究了共享数据服务平台层基本服务的实现,以及服务的组合、服务的注册与发布、服务的Qos等关键技术。最后通过共享服务平台支撑下的数字城市应用系统的实现,验证了本文提出的方法在数字城市建设中的实用性和有效性。     

论智能化对地观测系统

分析了不同遥感用户对遥感数据的不同需求,提出了解决遥感数据处理自动化、智能化和实时化的方案———智能对地观测系统(IEOS),分析其体系结构和关键技术,并对IEOS的前景做了展望。未来全球IEOS的用足出不出户,就可以通过终端设备,方便获取全球任何空间信息。     

对地观测与抗震救灾

2008年5月12汶川地震灾害发生后,全国相关涉灾部门充分利用空间信息技术为汶川地震救灾提供科学有效的决策支持,在灾害应急响应中发挥了巨大的作用。本文主要从对地观测以及地震救灾的空间信息技术支持两个方面,分析了空间信息技术在救灾中的作用。为今后空间信息如何更好地服务于自然灾害救助,提出了中国空间信息技术发展的思路与建议。     

A RESTful proxy and data model for linked sensor data

Abstract

The vision of a Digital Earth calls for more dynamic information systems, new sources of information, and stronger capabilities for their integration. Sensor networks have been identified as a major information source for the Digital Earth, while Semantic Web technologies have been proposed to facilitate integration. So far, sensor data are stored and published using the Observations & Measurements standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) as data model. With the advent of Volunteered Geographic Information and the Semantic Sensor Web, work on an ontological model gained importance within Sensor Web Enablement (SWE). In contrast to data models, an ontological approach abstracts from implementation details by focusing on modeling the physical world from the perspective of a particular domain. Ontologies restrict the interpretation of vocabularies toward their intended meaning. The ongoing paradigm shift to Linked Sensor Data complements this attempt. Two questions have to be addressed: (1) how to refer to changing and frequently updated data sets using Uniform Resource Identifiers, and (2) how to establish meaningful links between those data sets, that is, observations, sensors, features of interest, and observed properties? In this paper, we present a Linked Data model and a RESTful proxy for OGC's Sensor Observation Service to improve integration and inter-linkage of observation data for the Digital Earth.     

The circular dataimage,a graph for high-resolution circular-spatial data

Abstract

Vectors and periodic phenomena, e.g. traffic versus time, have direction on a circular scale of 360°. An overview of existing methods for the display of circular-spatial and vectorial-spatial data, such as arrow plots, is given. We introduce the circular dataimage, a new type of graphic for the display of circular-spatial data. It is defined by encoding direction in a spatial display by using colors from a color wheel constructed by connecting three or more two-color gradients with color continuity at the connections. Therefore, image discontinuity from using a single-color gradient, e.g. blue–red, does not occur. High-resolution global views of ocean wind direction are used as a running example throughout the paper. Advantages and disadvantages of circular dataimages compared to arrow plots were obtained from a usability study. Circular dataimages provide for simultaneous recognition of fine structure on a small-scale and large-scale structure on a global scale.     

真三维GIS技术研究的现状与发展

阐述了现实生活中三维现象存在的普遍性 ,列举了人们已经采集到的大量三维数据源 ,指出了目前 GIS在处理三维信息方面的不足 ,分析了作为“数字地球”的技术支柱之一的真三维 GIS理论研究的现状 ,提出了一些应深入研究的理论与技术问题和可行的研究途径。     

中国对全球地球观测系统的贡献

进一步认识地球、关注地球发展规律, 保护人类共同家园已成为世界各国政府的共识。共同发展地球观测技术, 提高对地观测能力成为新世纪世界各国的共同要求。2003年发起, 2005年由欧盟组织的地球观测部长级峰会上通过了全球综合地球观测系统(Global Earth Observation System of Systems, GEOSS)十年执行计划, 构成了世界范围内地球观测领域国际科技合作的主流。中国地球观测领域呈现出快速发展的趋势, 并提出了该领域的全球性发展战略, 预示着中国将在国际地球观测领域发挥越来越重要的作用。文章介绍了中国地球观测领域发展现状和趋势, 在分析中国参与全球地球观测领域国际合作现状及目前存在问题的基础上, 提出进一步促进中国参与该领域国际合作, 为中国乃至国际社会发展做出重要贡献的建议。     

The Open Geospatial Consortium Sensor Web PivotViewer: an innovative tool for worldwide sensor web resource discovery

In recent years, large-scale sensor arrays and the vast data-sets they produce worldwide are being utilized, shared, and published by a rising number of researchers on an ever-increasing frequency. An increasing number of sensor web services are deployed to host and share the large volume of sensor data online. How to efficiently discover the sensor web resources and visualize different types of sensor data in a coherent environment becomes an important research question that is still not fully resolved. In this paper, we propose the Sensor Web PivotViewer system. By integrating the Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure for Environmental Sensing (GeoCENS) cyber infrastructure, the Microsoft PivotViewer, and the Microsoft BingMaps, the proposed system fills in the missing software components for users to easily and intuitively discover and utilize the worldwide sensor web resources.     

嵌入式Web服务器的Android空间数据离线解决方法

针对移动GIS应用商业开发组件难以进行自由定制与分发的问题,该文提出一种基于嵌入式Web服务器的Android移动端空间数据离线解决方法,该方法通过在Android设备中移植开源的NanoHTTPD服务器实现了地图瓦片服务和矢量要素服务,并通过编码读取bundle切片数据包和扩展Spatialite空间数据库的方式,解决了切片数据和矢量要素数据的存储,然后利用Webview控件内嵌HTML5页面加Leaflet地图库完成了前端功能实现,并进行了实际应用展示。该方案的实现可节省Android端移动GIS应用开发成本,具有推广意义。     

Web GIS及其在房地产估价中的应用展望

Web GIS是地理信息系统(GIS)未来发展的主要方向和研究热点,结合我国房地产估价现状和特点,本文从理论上探讨了将Web GIS应用于房地产估价中的前景。通过可行性分析,认为构建基于Web GIS技术的“数字化房地产”将是未来房地产业信息化的重要内容。     

空间信息Web服务在Web GIS中的共享应用研究

分析了地理空间信息共享的重要性以及传统Web GIS在数据共享方面存在的问题,结合Web服务的自身优势,研究讨论了空间信息Web服务技术在空间数据共享方面的特点。针对空间信息共享需求,提出一种基于Web服务的空间数据共享应用框架。最后,基于ArcGIS Server10.0与.net技术,介绍了省级应急指挥GIS系统中的空间数据共享技术实现案例。     

Web2.0地图的双向地图信息传递模型

在柯拉斯尼模型的基础上,借助因特网通信体系的分层方法,提出了Web 2.0地图作为空间信息平台的双向传输体系,丰富和完善Web 2.0环境下的地图信息传递理论。     

WebService与地理信息数据共享的研究

WebService作为互联网数据共享的技术,为解决地理信息数据共享的问题提供了有效的手段。本文提出了利用WebService技术实现地理信息数据共享的解决方案。     

基于Web的3维数字社区建设方法与应用研究

提出了一种基于Web的3维数字社区建设方案与技术路线,对3维数据社区关键技术进行了研究,并结合具体应用。本文提出的数字社区平台建设思想,结合了Web计算机技术与3维地理信息系统技术,以期对数字社区平台建设提供有益借鉴。     

做好城管部件普查是数字化城市管理的重要手段

以重庆市南岸区数字化城市管理信息系统建设综合普查工作为例,讨论如何利用现代测绘技术进行城市管理部件普查,提高网格信息系统部件信息的准确性,科学运用信息化管理好城市。