Spatial prediction of landslide for Badong County in the ThreeGorges reservoir district

By using the landslide risk evaluating model and the advantages of GIS technology in image processing and space analysis, the relative landslide hazard and risk evaluating system of the new county site of Badong is built up. The system is mainly consisted of four subsystems： Information management subsystem, hazard as- sessment subsystem, vulnerability evaluation subsystem and risk prediction subsystem. In the system, landslide hazard assessment, vulnerability evaluation, risk predictions are carried out automatically based on irregular units. At last the landslide hazard and risk map of the study area is compiled. During the whole procedure, Matter-Element Model, Artificial Neural Network, ancl Information Model are used as assessment models. This system provides an effective way for the landslide hazard information management and risk prediction of each district in the Reservoir of Three Gorge Project. The result of the assessment can be a gist and ensure for the land planning and the emigration project in Badong.     

Spatial prediction of landslide for Badong County in the Three Gorges reservoir district

By using the landslide risk evaluating model and the advantages of GIS technology in image processing and space analysis, the relative landslide hazard and risk evaluating system of the new county site of Badong is built up. The system is mainly consisted of four subsystems: Information management subsystem, hazard assessment subsystem, vulnerability evaluation subsystem and risk prediction subsystem. In the system, landslide hazard assessment, vulnerability evaluation, risk predictions are carried out automatically based on irregular units. At last the landslide hazard and risk map of the study area is compiled. During the whole procedure, Matter-Element Model, Artificial Neural Network, and Information Model are used as assessment models. This system provides an effective way for the landslide hazard information management and risk prediction of each district in the Reservoir of Three Gorge Project. The result of the assessment can be a gist and ensure for the land planning and the emigration project in Badong.     

Assessment of soil erosion by compensatory hoeing tillage in a purple soil

This study explores the role of a traditional tillage method,i.e.,compensatory hoeing,for sustainable agro-ecosystem management in the hilly areas of the Chongqing municipality,south-western China.To validate the effects of compensatory tillage on the terraced slopes,the tillage method of noncompensatory hoeing was conducted on a linear slope.To acquire information about 137 Cs inventories and soil texture,soil samples were collected by a core sampler with a 6.8-cm diameter at 5.0-m intervals along the toposequence and the linear slope in the dry season(March) of 2007.Meanwhile,a tillage erosion model was used for evaluating the spatial pattern of tillage erosion.The 137 Cs data showed that on the terraced slope,soil was lost from the upper slope,and soil deposition occurred at the toe slope positions on each terrace.As a result,abrupt changes in the 137 Cs inventories of soil were found over short distances between two sides of terrace boundaries.Results obtained from the tillage erosion model and the 137 Cs data indicate that soil redistribution mainly results from tillage erosion in the terraced landscape.Consecutive non-compensatory tillage caused soil redistribution on the linear slope,resulting in thin soil profile disappearing at the top and soil accumulating at the bottom positions of the linear slope.This result further validates that compensatory tillage could avoid the complete erosion of the thin soil layer at the summit position.Therefore,this traditional tillage.method,i.e.,compensatory tillage,has maintained the soil quality at the summit of the slope in the past decades.     

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Enveloping relief surfaces of landslide terrain

Two relief surfaces that envelop the rock fall region in a part of Garhwal Himalayas around Chamoli have been identified. Relative relief and absolute relief have been analyzed and the enveloping surfaces recorded at two levels of relief in the landscape. All landslide activity lies within these surfaces. The lower enveloping surface (800 m) dips due south by 7-8 degrees,due to an elevation rise of 100 meters within 12 km from south to north,i.e.,a gradient of 8 percent. The nature of the surface is smooth. The upper enveloping surface (> 2500 m) is almost parallel to the lower one but its surface is undulatory due to landslides and denudation. The area has been a seismically active region and has undergone seismic activity up until recently,as evidenced by the Chamoli earthquake of 29th March 1999. The effects of earthquakes are seen at higher levels in the form of landslide imprints on the terrain.     

三峡库区大型-特大型层状岩质滑坡成因模式及地质特征分析

三峡库区大型-特大型滑坡发育,尤以层状岩质滑坡的危害性大。因库区各段地质条件差异使得滑坡成因模式各不相同,这影响了滑坡的运动形式和岩土体解体程度。在收集三峡库区51处典型的大型-特大型层状岩质滑坡调查资料基础上,根据堆积岩体结构和区段地质条件反推该段滑坡破坏成因模式,而不同成因模式下的滑坡坡体渗透性不同,分析已有滑坡对库水位变动存在的复活响应差异,据此得出以下结论:①在成因模式上,除顺层滑移型滑坡在库区中均有分布外,从库首至库尾随着岩层倾角的逐渐减缓,滑坡成因模式从崩塌型、反倾弯曲型逐渐过渡到平推式;②在坡体渗透性上,成因模式造成的岩体结构变化与坡体中的泥质含量共同作用,导致顺层滑移型滑坡前后缘渗透性存在较大差异;反倾型滑坡渗透性则整体变化较小;③在库水位变动影响下,不同坡体渗透性与滑面形态共同决定了滑坡的复活变形差异。     

三峡库首区滑坡空间分布特征分析及危险性评价

采用遥感和GIS技术从宏观上对三峡库首区三峡工程二期、三期治理滑坡和新增滑坡的空间分布与地形地貌、地层岩性、断裂构造、水系流域和人为影响等因素的相关程度进行分析,获取孕灾环境特征规则,并对其危险性进行评价。结果表明,地形因子中的高程、坡向和高程变异系数与滑坡的相关性较高;研究区内断裂构造对滑坡发育的控制作用不明显;研究区滑坡体的空间分布受到不同因子组合的约束,可根据不同因子组合约束的权重对研究区滑坡危险性进行评价。     

滑坡治理中格构式锚杆框架结构设计

结合略阳县城狮子山滑坡的治理，讨论了格构式锚杆框架结构治理松散堆积体滑坡设计的全过程。根据防治区的工程地质情况和相应的规范要求，确定了防治工程的安全等级。利用格构式锚杆框架结构所采用的小间距、小吨位锚杆及连续格构梁柱．从而使格构梁柱受力较均匀，适合松散堆积体滑坡治理的需要，即同时满足深层抗滑和浅层护坡。给出了坡面推力的计算模型和计算公式．对于格构式锚杆框架结构中的格构梁柱、锚杆和框架间面板也分别给出了相应的结构设计方法和公式．再就施工中应注意的事项给出了明确的建议和要求。