激光采样—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析系统的研制及其分析性能

报道了一个连续激光采样，连接电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪作检测的分析系统。其结构简单，稳定性好，适合于进行直接固体粉末分析。由于激光采样时间短，靶点温度高于５６６０℃，故基体效应较小。检出限可达１０＾－６级，分析重现性一般可达３％－５％。     

LMA－3型激光微量物质分析仪

ＩＭＡ－３型激光微量物质分析仪是用小型封闭式紫外脉冲激光器做激发光源，根据激光－时间分辨荧光分析原理设计的一种通用型微量物质分析仪器。仪器由激光器系统和测量系统两部分组成，适用于发光寿命在１μｓ～１０ｍｓ的物质测量。该仪器灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简单、有较好的稳定性和可靠性，检出下限可达１０￣（－１３）ｇ／ｍｌ（Ｅｕ）．在１×１０￣（－１０）～２×１０￣（－８）ｇ／ｍｌ量级测量时ＲＳＤ在５％～１０％范围。     

激光采样电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法在地质样品测定中的应用

使用ＣＯ２激光器与ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ联接，实现了地质样品的固体采样分析，加入一定量的聚三氟氯乙烯，可基本消除样品组成及元素赋存状态的影响，改善了分析结果的准确度。测定了地质样品中的Ｂａ，Ｃｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｃｒ，Ｌａ，Ｍｎ，Ｎｂ，Ｓｃ，Ｓｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｙ，Ｙｂ和Ｚｒ等１４种元素，检出限０．１×１０＾－６至１０×１０＾－６，ＲＳＤ一般在３％－７％，最大为１０％，。     

激光探针等离子体质谱法（LAM—ICPMS）用于年龄锆石U—Pb定年

利用激光探针等离子体普（ＬＡＭ－ＩＣＰＭＳ）技术对中生代锆石进行了详细的２０６Ｐｂ／＾２３８定年研究。采用线扫描（Ｌｉｎｅ ｓｃａｎ）进样法减小了传统的剥深（Ｄｅｐｔｈ ｐｒｏｆｉｌｅ）进样法所引起的激光熔蚀分异效应;优化仪器参数可三ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ对Ｐｂ和Ｕ的质量歧视效应。测得了精确的＾２０６Ｐｂ／＾２３８Ｕ比值及年龄。研究结果表明,均匀颗粒锆石的＾２０６Ｐｂ／＾２３８Ｕ比值测量精度为２％～１０％,     

LMA—3型激光微量物质分析仪

ＬＭＡ－３型激光微量物质分析仪是用小型封闭式紫外脉冲激光器做激发光源，根据激光－时间分辨荧光分析原理设计的一种通用型微量物质分析仪器，仪器由激光器系统和测量系统两部分组成，适用于发光寿命在１μｓ－１０ｍｓ的物质测量，该仪器灵敏度高、选择好、操作简单，有较好 的稳定性和可靠性，检出下限可达１０＾－１３ｇ／ｍｌ，在１×１０＾－１０－２×１０＾－８ｇ／ｍｌ量级测量时ＲＳＤ在５％－１０％范围。     

激光探针:稳定同位素分析的新式“武器” Ⅱ.不同类型激光探针的分析流程与优缺点比较

激光探针：稳定同位素分析的新式“武器”Ⅱ．不同类型激光探针的分析流程与优缺点比较肖益林郑永飞（中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学系，合肥２３００２６）关键词激光探针稳定同位素分析分析流程优缺点１不同激光探针分析流程的比较１．１ＣＯ２激光探针的分析流程样品...     

新疆莫托萨拉铁锰矿的物质成分

莫托萨拉铁锰矿中铁矿石的化学成分以Ｆｅ２Ｏ３为主,ω（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）可达７８．７６％,其次为ω（ＳｉＯ２）（１０￣５０％）,ω（ＦｅＯ）含量多〈５％。矿物成分以赤铁矿为主,次为玉髓、磁铁矿、镜铁矿、云母等。微量元素以Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ较高,局部Ｃｕ含量较高。稀土元素含量较低。锰矿石中以ＭｎＯ２为主,ω（ＭｎＯ２）可达６０％左右,其次ω（ＳｉＯ２）（１０￣２０％）和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３;矿物组合分为两种类型;一种以菱锰     

泛滥平原沉积物的超低密度采样代表性研究(一)

运用１个样／１ｋｍ２、１个组合样／４ｋｍ２，１个样／（１００～１０００）ｋｍ２、１个样／（１０００～１００００）ｋｍ２的采样密度系统研究了泛滥平原沉积物的超低密度采样代表性。通过对Ｓｂ、Ａｓ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｎ、Ｎａ２Ｏ元素的地球化学分布模式，Ｗ的地球化学特征在不同采样密度间的信息传递，证明了用１个样／（１０００～１００００）ｋｍ２的采样密度，采集的泛滥平原沉积物具有代表性     

激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定碳酸盐矿物中元素组成

碳酸盐中微量元素信息可为探究古环境、古气候演化、壳幔相互作用以及成岩成矿等重要地质作用过程提供关键约束,其微量元素含量的准确测定一直备受学者关注。激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱（LA-ICP-MS）可提供碳酸盐矿物中微量元素含量的精细信息,而常规激光测试方法严重制约着碳酸盐矿物微量元素分析的空间分辨率和低含量元素的检测能力。相比于常规剥蚀池条件时的低频率分析,本研究通过采用气溶胶局部提取快速清洗剥蚀池结合高频率激光剥蚀的方式,快速提升激光微区分析瞬时信号强度,有效地提升峰形信号灵敏度（约13倍）,碳酸盐激光微区元素检出限降低5～10倍。在此激光分析模式下,分别采用纳秒和飞秒激光剥蚀联用四极杆等离子体质谱仪（LA-Q-ICP-MS）,以NIST610玻璃为外标,Ca为内标开展了较小激光剥蚀束斑（32μm）条件下碳酸盐矿物中微量元素（亲石元素、亲铁和亲硫元素）分析。结果表明,纳秒和飞秒激光分析碳酸盐矿物标样CGSP-A、CGSP-B、CGSP-C、CGSP-D和MACS-3获得的亲石元素（如Sc、Sr、Y、Ba、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb和Th等）测试值与推荐值在误差范围内一致;而亲铁和亲硫元素（如Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Sn、Sb和Pb）测试结果则存在较大偏差（大于20%）,这可能与本研究选用的高频激光剥蚀和较小剥蚀束斑（32µm）造成显著的“Downhole”分馏效应有关。本研究通过研制新型激光剥蚀池,改变激光剥蚀方式,即采用气溶胶局部提取剥蚀池和高频率剥蚀方法可有效地提升碳酸盐矿物微量元素（如亲石元素）分析的空间分辨率和低含量元素检测能力,有利于促进碳酸盐矿物在地质环境等领域的广泛应用。     

流动注射－原子荧光法测定岩矿中痕量硒和碲

讨论了题示方法中的干扰，指出在一般岩石中多数共存元素不干扰Ｓｅ和Ｔｅ的测定；Ｃｕ的干扰可在含Ｆｅ￣３＋、ＨＣｌＯ＿４的介质中加入邻菲罗啉沉淀预先消除；Ｐｂ的干扰可在Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４分解试样时形成ＰｂＳＯ＿４消除；试液保存在塑料容器中可免除残留Ｆ￣－的影响。所拟方法每次采样１ｍＬ，每小时测定９０次。对Ｓｅ和Ｔｅ的检出限均为０．２μｇ／Ｌ，测定浓度为１０μｇ／Ｌ的Ｓｅ和Ｔｅ，其ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１２）分别为３．７％和４．３％。经标样分析验证，方法可行。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861