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Jun Yang 《地震学报(英文版)》1998,11(4):455-465
The relation of tidal factor value to tiltmeter type has been founded from the harmonic analysis for observational data. The
relation is deducted theoretically. It is discovered that the frequency responses of different type tiltmeters and operative
periods or damping constant are slightly different in same station. The tiltmeter of small operative period is able to receive
more precursory information. That is the tidal factors obtained from harmonic analysis for observed data on tiltmeter of different
damping constant are different. The relation between frequency response and tidal factor is searched. It is necessary to calibrate
absolutely tiltmeter to predict earthquake. In order to obtain any amount of ground tilt information, it is necessary to select
appropriately different frequency tiltmeters to make comprehensive observation.
The study is sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation, No. 91100. 相似文献
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通过跟踪分析湖州地震台数字化水管倾斜仪和垂直摆倾斜仪连续2年的资料质量,发现水管倾斜仪观测精度高于垂直摆倾斜仪,并且资料稳定性逐年提高。从映震效能看,水管倾斜仪同震响应幅度远大于垂直摆,水管倾斜仪的自振周期远大于垂直摆倾斜仪而接近远震面波的周期,形成谐振,但两者的同震响应时间相当。 相似文献
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Antonio Eff-Darwich Olivier Grassin José Fernández 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2008,165(6):1049-1070
Continuous monitoring of ground deformation in the volcanic island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, is based on GPS networks,
since there are as yet no tiltmeter stations installed on the island. However, there is a world-class astronomical observatory
on the island, the El Teide Observatory, where four tiltmeters, two aligned in the North-South and the other two in the East-West,
are monitoring the movements of the solar telescope THEMIS. THEMIS (Heliographic Telescope for the Study of Solar Magnetism
and Instabilites) is among the three largest solar telescopes in the world. Since THEMIS is located a few kilometers from
the main volcanic structures of the island, in particular the El Teide-Pico Viejo stratovolcano, and the precision of the
inclinometers is comparable to those used in geophysical studies, we carried out the analysis of the tilt measurements for
the period 1997–2006. The tiltmeters at THEMIS are placed in the seventh floor of a tower, hence their sensitivity to geological
processes is reduced compared to geophysical installations. However, THEMIS measurements are the only terrestrial data available
in Tenerife for such a long period of observations, which include the sustained increase in seismic activity that started
in 2001. In this sense, a significant change was found in the East-West tilt of approximately 35 μ-radians between the years
2000 and 2002. Some theoretical models were calculated and it was concluded that such tilt variation could not be due to dike
intrusions, nor a volcanic reactivation below the El Teide-Pico Viejo volcano. The most likely explanation comes from dislocations
produced by a secondary fault associated to a major submarine fault off the eastern coast of Tenerife. In any case, taking
into account the nearly permanent data recording at THEMIS, they could be considered as a complement for any ground deformation
monitoring system in the island. 相似文献
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对青海省格尔木、门源和乐都地震台水平摆与垂直摆倾斜仪观测资料进行对比分析,论述温度、气压、人为活动(工作人员进入观测山洞)以及大风等干扰因素对观测资料的不同影响,发现垂直摆倾斜仪受温度、大风和人为活动等因素的干扰程度总体低于水平摆倾斜仪,对观测环境的要求相对较低。 相似文献
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选取2014-2018年海南五指山形变台DSQ型水管倾斜仪和VP型垂直摆倾斜仪记录的20个地震的同震响应资料,对比分析2套仪器的同震响应特征。结果表明:在震中距相近时,二者响应幅度、同震响应持续时间与震级呈正相关;除少数地震外,在震级相近或相同时,二者地震响应幅度与震中距呈负相关;地震响应延迟时间与震中距有关,二者均呈正相关;对于同一地震,一般VP型垂直摆倾斜仪的最大响应幅度较大,且同震持续时间较长。 相似文献
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报道了在武汉华中科技大学地震与固体潮试验站的同一观测平台上,用数字宽频地震计、倾斜仪及重力仪对长周期地震波动信号的综合观测结果,以及各观测的对比和分析。近3年来,不同的观测仪器同时观测到了几十个形态一致、信号较弱而且成分复杂、持续时间大多约为2——3天的异常波(震颤)。分析表明,这些异常震颤中的一部分由来自西太平洋进入中国大陆及近海的台风产生,其信号强弱主要与台风运动中心进入中国大陆近海后与观测点之间的距离,以及风速大小这两个因素密切关联。另外,还有一部分异常震颤信号的产生原因不明。频谱分析结果显示,与平常的背景噪声信号相比,异常震颤信号的成分较为丰富, 除了3——5 min周期的信号外,还含有20——30 min,甚至一小时以上的长周期信号。我们以多种观测仪、长时间的连续观测结果表明,这种震颤信号是真实的和普遍存在的。其产生原因和机制还有待更广泛和深入的研究。 相似文献
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James F. Lewkowicz 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1985,41(1):58-65
Measurements of the Earth tide using tilt and strainmeter data can be used to infer crustal structure. However, in almost all measurements of crustal motion using shallow tiltmeters and strainmeters, reference is made to the degradation of the data implied to be caused by influence of meteorological parameters on near surface layers. For example, studies by Wood and King and Goulty et al. indicated that a substantial portion of measured crustal motion by shallow tilt and strain data may be attributed to the weather. These studies were limited to data outside the tidal band. However, it is important to determine the effects of weather on these data, within the tidal band, if shallow tiltmeters are to be used to determine crustal structure.Collocated deep and shallow borehole tiltmeter arrays were operated by The Air Force Geophysics Laboratory in eastern Massachusetts and provided an opportunity to investigate weather effects on shallow tilt. The tiltmeters installed in deep boreholes (100 m) yielded internally consistent M2 amplitudes (2%) and phases (3%) (Cabaniss and McConnell) but the collocated shallow (4 m) borehole tilt array did not produce the same results. Least squares analyses of the shallow tilt data revealed variations of 20% for M2 tidal amplitude compared to the deep data. A multichannel Wiener filter technique was used to investigate the hypothesis that this discrepancy was due to meteorological influence. Results indicated that approximately one-half of the anomalous M2 power was correlated with air and borehole temperatures. It is suggested that the remaining anomalous power may be due to ground deformation caused by the action of groundwater. If this is true, shallow tiltmeters might not be measuring the same deformation as the deep instruments and, therefore, not capable of measuring the Earth tide with the accuracy required to determine crustal structure. 相似文献
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在地震与固体潮台站的日常监测中,常发现有一些异常"脉动"信号叠加在固体潮曲线上.这些异常"脉动"与宽频带数字地震计的观测在时间上同步、一致,其中的一部分由发生在西太平洋上的热带气旋引起,而其他的则大多与强地震相伴随,统称为震颤异常波.本文介绍了华中科技大学的地震与固体潮观测台站(HUST)的概况,报道了该台应用 DZW重力仪和VS-1倾斜仪观测记录到的大量震颤异常波事例.大量观测事实表明:中国固体潮台站记录的震颤异常波,绝大多数只在DZW重力仪和VS-1倾斜仪的低通滤波1 通道(LP1)出现,而在其低通滤波2通道(LP2)和其他固体潮仪器中则罕有发现;震颤异常波的包络线大多呈"纺锤状"或"尾巴状",持续时间多为1~3天. 通过对震颤异常波和固体潮观测仪器的分析研究,得到以下结论:震颤异常波实际上就是一种来源复杂的地球脉动信号,响应范围广泛,可被宽频带数字地震计和固体潮仪器记录.由西太平洋上的热带气旋引起的震颤异常波的主要周期在3~7 s范围,而强震前的震颤异常波则除此外,还包含10~60 s及更长周期的信号.固体潮仪器对震颤异常波响应的差异是因为仪器的传递函数不同和特性所致. DZW重力仪和VS-1倾斜仪分钟值采样数据中的震颤异常波,只是真实信号的一种"混叠"或映射.强震前的震颤异常波是否与地震有关?是否是震兆?尚需做更深入细致的分析和研究. 相似文献
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Aline Peltier Patrick Bachèlery Thomas Staudacher 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2011,199(1-2):96-104
We report a compilation of data recorded at a distant tiltmeter station (RER) during recent episodes of dyke emplacement and eruption (2003–2007) at Piton de La Fournaise volcano (La Réunion Island). This sensitive station provides useful information for evaluating the extent of deformation. Distinct responses of this station were recorded based on the eruption type. Dykes feeding summit eruptions did not significantly influence the RER tiltmeter signals, whereas dykes feeding large distal eruptions (with vents located more than 4 km from the summit) generated up to 1.4 μrad of tilt, an amplitude 2 to 4 times greater than for proximal eruptions (0.3–0.7 μrad) on the flanks of the summit cone. The distinct tilt amplitude is directly linked to the location, depth, and volume of the dyke. Comparison with summit tiltmeters reveals that up to one-third to half of the RER tilt signal associated to dyke propagation is recorded when the dyke is still below the summit crater. Thus, before large distal eruptions, more than 0.5 μrad of tilt is recorded in less than 20 min when the dyke is below the summit crater (i.e. a few minutes/hours before the beginning of the eruption). We can thus propose for the RER station a threshold value of 0.5 μrad which, when reached as a dyke rises beneath the summit crater, suggests a high likelihood of a large distal eruption. The distant RER tiltmeter station thus appears to be a powerful tool for forecasting the type of eruption that is likely to occur, and can contribute to the early detection of large distal eruptions at Piton de La Fournaise, which are the most dangerous to inhabitants. For volcano monitoring, installation of high precision distant tiltmeters along the lower slopes of a volcano may provide warnings of large eruptions with enough lead time to allow for short-term hazards mitigation efforts. 相似文献
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泰安地震台垂直摆和水平摆抗干扰能力对比 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
利用泰安地震台垂直摆和水平摆倾斜仪记录的干扰事件,从自然环境和人为干扰2方面,比较2套仪器对同一干扰因素的敏感程度,分析存在差异的原因,对垂直摆和水平摆倾斜仪的抗干扰能力进行研究,结果表明,在相同的观测环境中,泰安地震台水平摆抗干扰能力较强。 相似文献
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This paper discusses the resolution of geometrical characteristics of pressurized fractures from tiltmeter data. The quasi-static
deformation and tilt field induced by such fractures can be modeled by superposition of displacement discontinuity (DD) singularities.
Despite the relatively common use of such measurements to infer fracture characteristics, there is a widespread misunderstanding
of what can be accurately determined, depending on the relative distance between the tiltmeter array and the fracture. We
investigate in detail the resolution of the dimensions and orientation of hydraulic fractures or faults from tilt measurements.
In particular, we formally prove that at a distance larger than about twice the characteristic length of the fracture, elastostatic
measurements such as those measured by tiltmeters are not able to resolve independently all the dimensions of the fracture,
although the fracture volume can be robustly inverted from the data. The resolution of fracture orientation is also discussed
using an analysis based on a spatial Fourier Transform of the tilt field. The relative angle between the plane where the measurements
are located and the fracture plane plays a major role in the accuracy of this estimation. In an illustrative field example,
where the measurements are located in the far-field of the fracture deformation field, we show how a single DD singularity
can be used to model tiltmeter data and efficiently obtain the fracture orientation and volume. 相似文献
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对乾陵地震台2019年7—12月VP型垂直摆倾斜仪和DSQ型水管倾斜仪观测数据进行系统分析,对比研究2套仪器在固体潮记录、数据连续性、观测精度、日均值变化趋势相关性和映震能力等方面的差异,结合乾陵地震台地质构造、台基岩性和仪器自身差异等分析产生差异的可能原因,并分析2套仪器在不同方面的优势。 相似文献
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汶川地震近震源区地形变短期前兆现象的解析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
2008年汶川8.0级地震是我国自建国以来灾难最为严重的一次强地震, 有关震前该区域地壳变形情况引起许多学者的关注。 本文给出了沿龙门山地震带地倾斜及跨龙门山断裂断层水准剖面临震前变化的特征: 汶川地震前沿龙门山地震带分布的康定、 汶川及茂县台地倾斜无明短期显变化; 6个断层水准观测场地, 除耿达场地观测到较大幅度变化有争议外, 其他断层观测场震前均未观测到突出的短临前兆性异常变化。 本文分析了汶川地震前大区域地震活动性资料及震前沿南北地震带显著形变异常点分布特点, 探讨了汶川地震震中区域应变积累过程, 认为近震源区域无显著短期前兆变化现象很可能与震中区域介质所具有的高应变、 小变形性质有关。 另外, 也不排除地形变观测点所处的位置等有关因素。 相似文献
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