Stratigraphic architecture of a tide‐influenced shelf‐edge delta,Upper Cretaceous Dorotea Formation,Magallanes‐Austral Basin,Patagonia

The Magallanes‐Austral Basin of Patagonian Chile and Argentina is a retroforeland basin associated with Late Cretaceous–Neogene uplift of the southern Andes. The Upper Cretaceous Dorotea Formation records the final phase of deposition in the Late Cretaceous foredeep, marked by southward progradation of a shelf‐edge delta and slope. In the Ultima Esperanza district of Chile, laterally extensive, depositional dip‐oriented exposures of the Dorotea Formation contain upper slope, delta‐front and delta plain facies. Marginal and shallow marine deposits include abundant indicators of tidal activity including inclined heterolithic stratification, heterolithic to sandy tidal bundles, bidirectional palaeocurrent indicators, flaser/wavy/lenticular bedding, heterolithic tidal flat deposits and a relatively low‐diversity Skolithos ichnofacies assemblage in delta plain facies. This work documents the stratigraphic architecture and evolution of the shelf‐edge delta that was significantly influenced by strong tidal activity. Sediment was delivered to a large slump scar on the shelf‐edge by a basin‐axial fluvial system, where it was significantly reworked and redistributed by tides. A network of tidally modified mouth bars and tidal channels comprised the outermost reaches of the delta complex, which constituted the staging area and initiation point for gravity flows that dominated the slope and deeper basin. The extent of tidal influence on the Dorotea delta also has important implications for Magallanes‐Austral Basin palaeogeography. Prior studies establish axial foreland palaeodrainage, long‐term southward palaeotransport directions and large‐scale topographic confinement within the foredeep throughout Late Cretaceous time. Abundant tidal features in Dorotea Formation strata further suggest that the Magallanes‐Austral Basin was significantly embayed. This ‘Magallanes embayment’ was formed by an impinging fold–thrust belt to the west and a broad forebulge region to the east.     

Sedimentology and stratigraphic development of the upper Nyalau Formation (Early Miocene), Sarawak,Malaysia: A mixed wave- and tide-influenced coastal system

This work presents the first detailed facies analysis of the upper Nyalau Formation exposed around Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. The Lower Miocene Nyalau Formation exposures in NW Sarawak represent one of the closest sedimentological outcrop analogues to the age equivalent, hydrocarbon-bearing, offshore deposits of the Balingian Province. Nine types of facies associations are recognised in the Nyalau Formation, which form elements of larger-scale facies successions. Wave-dominated shoreface facies successions display coarsening upward trends from Offshore, into Lower Shoreface and Upper Shoreface Facies Associations. Fluvio-tidal channel facies successions consist of multi-storey stacks of Fluvial-Dominated, Tide-Influenced and Tide-Dominated Channel Facies Associations interbedded with minor Bay and Mangrove Facies Associations. Estuarine bay facies successions are composed of Tidal Bar and Bay Facies Associations with minor Mangrove Facies Associations. Tide-dominated delta facies successions coarsen upward from an Offshore into the Tidal Bar Facies Association. The Nyalau Formation is interpreted as a mixed wave- and tide-influenced coastal depositional system, with an offshore wave-dominated barrier shoreface being incised by laterally migrating tidal channels and offshore migrating tidal bars. Stratigraphic successions in the Nyalau Formation form repetitive high frequency, regressive–transgressive cycles bounded by flooding surfaces, consisting of a basal coarsening upward, wave-dominated shoreface facies succession (representing a prograding barrier shoreface and/or beach-strandplain) which is sharply overlain by fluvio-tidal channel, estuarine bay or tide-dominated delta facies successions (representing more inshore, tide-influenced coastal depositional environments). An erosion surface separates the underlying wave-dominated facies succession from overlying tidal facies successions in each regressive–transgressive cycle. These erosion surfaces are interpreted as unconformities formed when base level fall resulted in deep incision of barrier shorefaces. Inshore, fluvio-tidal successions above the unconformity display upward increase in marine influence and are interpreted as transgressive incised valley fills.     

塔里木盆地西北缘震旦纪构造-沉积演化特征

本文在对塔里木盆地西北缘震旦系开展野外地质剖面实测工作及室内研究基础上,结合区域构造背景分析认为,塔里木盆地西北缘下震旦统苏盖特布拉克组发育河流相、湖泊相、滨海相及三角洲相碎屑岩沉积,上震旦统奇格布拉克组发育局限台地潮坪亚相、台内滩亚相碳酸盐岩沉积,底部发育混积潮坪相沉积。根据震旦系地层岩石组合特征及C同位素演化趋势,将震旦系划分为3个Ⅲ级层序：ZSQ Ⅰ、ZSQ Ⅱ和ZSQ Ⅲ,每个层序顶部分别对应一个不整合面。在此基础上建立塔里木盆地西北缘震旦纪拉张性裂谷沉积模式,并划分为3个构造沉积演化阶段：初始拉张阶段,对应于早震旦世早期,沉积一套粗碎屑岩堆积;快速拉张阶段,对应于早震旦世晚期,沉积一套湖相、滨海相、三角洲相砂岩,泥岩沉积,同时伴随玄武岩喷发;稳定沉降阶段,对应于晚震旦世,形成碳酸盐岩台地沉积。     

四川盆地元坝地区上三叠统须家河组的潮控河口湾与潮控三角洲沉积

通过盆地边缘地表剖面,以及元坝区岩芯的研究,发现须家河组并非长期以来人们普遍认定的陆相沉积,而是海岸系统产物。须二段属潮控河口湾环境,包括冲积河道、潮汐—河流水道、UFR沙坪、潮汐沙坝、泥坪和盐沼等相。须四段属潮控三角洲环境,包括三角洲平原河道、分流河口潮汐沙坝、三角洲前缘与前三角洲、泥坪与盐沼等相。这两种环境（沉积）,都是海侵的产物,都是地史上的暂时现象。当其被充满时（海退）,就变为潮坪—海岸平原环境,分别对应于须三段、须五段的细粒含煤序列。基于储层质量与原始沉积环境密切相关,划分了5类储层相。根据我们研究安岳地区须家河组的成功经验,提出了勘探建议。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙地区山西组一段海相、过渡相沉积标志研究及环境演化分析

鄂尔多斯盆地塔巴庙地区在上石炭统太原组到下二叠统山西组沉积过程中经历了潮坪、泻湖—海陆过渡三角洲演化过程。在这一演化过程中山西组一段沉积环境前人研究后得出了不同的结论,有的认为属于陆相湖泊三角洲沉积,有的认为是海陆过渡三角洲沉积,还有的认为是湖泊三角洲,但受到间歇性海侵影响。在前人大量研究基础上,通过详细的岩心观察和岩石学特征的分析,在山西组一段发现了代表海相或海陆过渡环境沉积的典型特征,分别为①成分成熟度和结构成熟度均高的石英砂岩、②泥晶菱铁矿岩、③海百合、有孔虫骨屑泥岩、④铝土矿质泥岩和⑤粉晶白云岩。上述海相环境标志的存在,充分说明塔巴庙地区山西组一段沉积期为海相或海陆过渡沉积环境。在上述基础上讨论了山西组一段沉积环境的时空演化特点。     

Sedimentology and depositional environments of the Maastrichtian Patti Formation, southeastern Bida Basin, Nigeria

The Maastrichtian Patti Formation, which consists of shale - claystone and sandstone members, constitutes one of the three Upper Cretaceous lithostratigraphic units of the intracratonic southeastern Bida Basin, in central Nigeria. Well exposed outcrops of this formation were investigated at various locations around the confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers. The lithostratigraphic sections were measured and their peculiar sedimentological features such as textures, physical and biogenic sedimentary structures, facies variations and associations were documented and used to interpret the depositional environments and develop a paleogeographic model. Some selected representative samples of the sedimentary depositional facies were also subjected to grain size analysis.Three shoreline sedimentary depositional facies composed of shoreface, tidal channel, and tidal marsh to coastal swamp facies were recognized in the study area. Continental sedimentary depositional facies such as fluvial channel, swamp, and overbank were also documented. The sandstones of the shoreface and tidal channel facies are medium- to coarse-grained, moderately sorted (standard deviation ranges from 0.45–1.28 averaging 0.72), and quartzarenitic. The fluvial channel sandstone facies are coarse- to very coarse-grained, mostly poorly sorted (standard deviation ranges from 0.6–1.56 averaging 1.17), and subarkosic. Typical sedimentary structures displayed by the shoreface and tidal channel facies include burrows, clay drapes, hummocky and herringbone cross stratifications, whereas the fluvial channel sandstone facies are dominated by massive and planar cross beddings. The tidal marsh to coastal swamp shales and ferruginised siltstone facies are fossiliferous and bioturbated, whereas the nonmarine swamp siltstones contain vegetal imprints and lignite interbeds. The overbank claystone facies are massive and kaolinitic.In the study area, a regressive to transgressive model is proposed for the Patti Formation. This model correlates with stratigraphically equivalent sediments of the Ajali and Mamu Formations in the adjacent Anambra Basin to a great extent.     

鄂尔多斯盆地及邻区晚石炭世本溪期构造—沉积环境及原型盆地特征

原型盆地恢复有助于盆地构造—岩相古地理的研究和揭示盆山耦合,对油气勘探与开发具有重要的指导意义。本文利用最新的钻井、测井及露头资料,以沉积相为研究实体,运用盆—山结合的思路,由点—线—面进行分析,重建了鄂尔多斯盆地晚石炭世本溪组沉积时期的构造—沉积环境,研究了原型盆地特征及性质。本溪组沉积期,鄂尔多斯盆地沉积具有东西分异的特征：淳化—庆阳—吴起地区及北部伊盟地区为暴露剥蚀区,东部为克拉通内坳陷盆地,西部为克拉通边缘裂陷盆地。乌达—呼鲁斯台及鄂尔多斯—神木地区发育三角洲相,并向南逐渐推进;鄂西石嘴山、环县及鄂东府谷、延安地区以环带状潮坪—泻湖相为主,受间歇性海侵影响;吴忠、柳林—吉县地区发育低能的泻湖相;中卫—中宁、韩城及以东地区发育不同深度的陆棚及开阔台地。该时期盆地构造环境表现为南北向双向俯冲、贺兰拗拉槽再活化,格局经历了南隆北倾向北隆南倾的转变。受此影响,鄂尔多斯盆地构造古地理格局开始由东西分异逐渐向南北分异转变,受东西两侧海侵影响沉积相带呈环带状展布,但在盆地北部发育潮控三角洲,表现出近缘特征。晚石炭世鄂尔多斯盆地构造—沉积环境与原型盆地特征与其对周缘大地构造运动的响应。     

川中—川南地区上三叠统沉积相研究

综合分析岩心、露头剖面和测井资料,认为川中—川南地区上三叠统发育三角洲相和湖泊相,其中,三角洲相可进一步划分为三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和前三角洲三个亚相,湖泊相则可细分为滨湖和浅湖两个亚相。不同时期三角洲相和湖泊相发育程度不同。须一段、须三段、须五段和须六段以湖泊沉积为主,由东向西,水体逐渐加深。须二段和须四段以三角洲沉积为主,湖泊沉积分布范围较小。须二段发育时期,研究区北部构造活动强烈,沉积物供给充分,三角洲相主要由北向南延伸;须四段沉积时期,由于北部构造活动逐渐减弱,东南部沉积物供给增加,三角洲相主要由东南向西北方向延伸。随着周缘构造活动的变化,研究区沉积范围逐渐扩大。早期沉积范围仅局限于宜宾—泸州以北地区,中晚期沉积范围扩大,宜宾—泸州以南地区开始接收沉积。     

贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段三角洲沉积体系

贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段形成于三角洲沉积体系,其中中段形成于潮汐影响的河控三角州沉积体系;上段形成于坝后河控三角洲沉积体系。每一种沉积体系的持续发展形成了一个沉积幕,分别包括4个成因单元。每个成因单元代表了该沉积体系在某一阶段内受海平面升降影响而沉积的一套完整的进积至后期废弃沉积。这些沉积由5种沉积相,即上三角洲平原;下三角洲平原;水下三角洲平原;三角洲间湾（或边缘）以及三角洲废弃相组合构成。两种不同类型的三角洲沉积体系聚煤作用有着根本的差别:受潮汐影响的河控三角洲沉积体系代表了龙潭组最活动的碎屑沉积部分,聚煤差,煤层普遍不可采;坝后河控三角洲沉积体系相对较稳定,聚煤好,煤层普遍可采。不同环境和相组合中聚煤作用也不同,本区以上三角洲平原和三角洲间湾（或边缘）环境聚煤最好。总之该三角洲沉积体系是我国海陆交替相含煤地层中沉积厚度大、聚煤最丰富的三角洲沉积体系之一。     

渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷渤中25-1油田古近系沙河街组沙二段沉积相及演化*

渤中25-1油田位于渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷南部,其主力油层为古近系沙河街组沙二段。在岩心观察的基础上,结合测井、录井及地震资料综合分析,认为沙二段发育辫状河三角洲和湖泊2种沉积相类型;由于距离物源较远,研究区内主要发育辫状河三角洲前缘亚相和滨浅湖亚相。沙二段沉积时的古地貌北高南低,早期水体较浅,主要发育由西南部低洼处向东北部隆起区超覆的滨浅湖滩坝砂体;随着构造沉降、水体加深,来自西南物源的辫状河三角洲前缘砂体向东北方向不断推进,最终占据了研究区的主体,滩坝砂体则逐渐萎缩至消亡;沙二段沉积末期,研究区西部BZ25-1-1井区发生局部构造抬升遭受剥蚀,导致该井区完全缺失沙二段,周边井区也有不同程度的厚度缺失。     

碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩混合地层沉积特征与演化－以神木气田太原组为例

鄂尔多斯盆地东缘的神木气田太原组为特征性的碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩互层含煤岩系.近期天然气勘探证实其具有良好的开发潜力.为指导神木气田太原组开发和盆地太原组储层勘探,根据测井、录井、常规薄片、铸体薄片、物性和粒度资料,结合岩芯描述,研究了神木气田太原组地层组合、沉积特征、沉积环境演化、砂体宽度以及沉积相对储层控制作用.太原组地...     

Depositional environments in an extensive tide-influenced delta plain, Middle Devonian Gauja Formation, Devonian Baltic Basin

The Middle Devonian Gauja Formation in the Devonian Baltic Basin preserves tide‐influenced delta plain and delta front deposits associated with a large southward prograding delta complex. The outcrops extend over 250 km from southern Estonia to southern Lithuania. The succession can be divided into 10 facies associations recording distributary channel belts that became progressively more tide influenced when traced southwards towards the palaeo‐shoreline, separated by muddy intra‐channel areas where deposition was characterized by crevasse splays, delta plain lakes, abandoned channel deposits and tidal gullies. Tidal currents influenced deposition over the entire delta plain, extending up to 250 km from the contemporary shoreline. Tidal facies on the upper delta plain differ from those on the lower delta plain and delta front. In the former case, deposition from river currents was only occasionally interrupted by tidal currents, e.g. during spring tides, resulting in mica and mudstone drapes, and distinctive graded cross‐stratification. The lower delta plain was dominated by tidal facies and tidal currents regularly influenced deposition. There was a change from progradation to aggradation from the lower to the upper part of the Gauja Formation coupled with a vertical decrease in tidal influence and a decrease in coarse‐grained sediment input. The Gauja Formation contrasts with established models for tide‐influenced deltas as the active delta plain was not restricted by topography. The shape of the delta plain, the predominant southward (basinward)‐directed palaeocurrents, and the thick sandstone succession, show that although tidal currents strongly influenced deposition at bed scale, rivers still controlled the overall morphology of the delta and the larger‐scale bedforms. In addition, there are no signs of wave influence, indicating very low wave energy in the basin. The widespread tidal influence in the Devonian Baltic Basin is explained by changes in the wider basin geometry and by local bathymetrical differences in the basin during progradation and aggradation of the delta plain, with changes in tidal efficiency accompanying the change in basin geometry produced by shoreline progradation.     

张性边缘海的成因演化特征及沉积充填模式——以珠江口盆地为例

珠江口盆地的形成和演化过程经历了晚白垩世至渐新世的裂陷-晚渐新世至中中新世的热沉降-晚中新世至今的断块升降3个演化阶段,沉积了陆相-半封闭海相-开阔海相3套不同的沉积体系组合。总结归纳出珠江口盆地新生代3个阶段的沉积充填模式,并发现：裂陷阶段以充填式堆积和河湖沉积为特征,形成盆地最重要的湖相烃源岩--文昌组泥岩;热沉降阶段以海陆交替、海相沉积体系为特征,为形成良好的储盖组合创造了条件,沉积了珠江口盆地内最主要的储油层系--珠海组、珠江组以及韩江组,主要为滨海相、三角洲相等碎屑岩沉积;晚期盆地整体下沉,区域性盖层形成。该沉积组合反映了张性边缘海盆地的演化特点,盆地演化与资源效应表现在裂陷期、热沉降期及断块升降期的生储盖配置,故勘探目的层段为热沉降阶段所形成的三角洲碎屑岩与陆棚碳酸盐岩。     

板桥凹陷钱圈地区沙河街组沉积及砂体展布特征

板桥凹陷钱圈地区沙河街组物源主要来自北部陡坡带增幅台地区和南部北大港潜山地区,在研究区北部陡坡带形成了扇三角洲沉积,在南部缓坡带形成了辫状河三角洲沉积。利用层序地层学和地震沉积学的研究思路和方法,在波阻抗数据体的基础上采用地层切片技术,在等时层序地层格架内结合单井岩-电关系,对三角洲体系砂体的展布特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:①南部缓坡带沙三上亚段沉积时期,物源主要来自北大港潜山地区,辫状河三角洲的砂体呈进积特征,展布范围逐渐变大,反映湖盆基准面下降的特征,在沙二段沉积时期,辫状河三角洲沉积物源来自增幅台和北大港潜山2个地区;陡坡带沙二段至沙一上亚段沉积时期,扇三角洲砂体呈退积特征,砂体展布范围逐渐变小,反映湖盆基准面上升的特征;②以地震波阻抗数据体为基础的地层切片技术可以清晰地刻画三角洲沉积体系的砂体沉积相带平面展布,砂体预测结果得到了钻井资料的进一步证实。     

西藏措勤盆地下白垩统多巴组沉积环境分析

西藏措勤前陆盆地下白垩统多巴组是一套分布面积广大,比较特征的碳酸盐、陆源碎屑混合沉积的地层,本文通过对几条较完整的主干剖面的详细沉积相分析,揭示了多巴组的主要沉积环境包括潮坪、低能潮下带、近岸碳酸盐台地缓坡、台缘介壳滩及碳酸盐台地等几种主要类型,建立了多巴组的沉积相模式,并指出多巴组的沉积演化主要受控于盆地构造运动和全球海平面变化,这将有助于该地区的构造沉积演化研究。     

An insight into the Eocene tide-dominated estuarine system: implications for palaeoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphic interpretations

This article describes a complete sedimentary succession of an ancient macrotidal tide-dominated estuarine system based on the detailed outcrop study. The Eocene siliciclastic sedimentary facies of Ameki Group in the south-eastern Nigeria provides a record of the sedimentary response to an initial regression, followed by marine incursion (transgression) into the Niger Delta Basin. These sedimentary successions are analogues to the subsurface petrolific Niger Delta lithostratigraphic units. Seven facies associations (FA 1 to FA 7) are documented in the study area and the sediments are interpreted as fluvial channel, tidally influenced fluvial channel, tidal channel, tidal flats, supratidal, tidal sand bar and estuarine embayment (open estuarine) deposits. The occurrence of low diversity ichnofaunal assemblages and/or localised high-density monospecific ichnofossil assemblages indicates brackish-water condition typical of estuarine settings. The suites of assemblages include Scoyenia, Skolithos, Cruziana, mixed Skolithos-Cruziana, Glossifungites, Psilonichnus and Teredolites ichnofacies. A complete depositional sequence is encountered in the Eocene Ameki Group which consists of the lowstand, transgressive, highstand and falling stage systems tracts. This depositional succession was most probably controlled by relative sea level changes, sediment supply, accommodation and regional tectonics which affected the development of Niger Delta Basin.     

塔里木盆地志留纪沉积层序构成及充填响应特征

塔里木盆地志留系是由角度不整合面所限定的一个区域性（二级）的沉积层序,其内可划分出5个三级沉积层序。总体上显示一个从水进到水退的沉积旋回,可识别出曲流河三角洲—辫状河三角洲、滨外陆棚及较深水盆地、无障壁碎屑滨岸—无障壁碎屑潮坪沉积体系组合,它们代表了二级沉积层序中相对低位、海侵和高位的3个沉积体系组合。研究区构造、沉积、古生物和古气候资料表明,层序1底界面和层序5顶界面是塔里木周缘板块构造挤压、盆地隆升作用的结果;层序2底界面是周缘板块强烈挤压、盆地挠曲下降作用结果,同期全球海平面快速上升;层序3、层序4和层序5的底界面是在构造作用稳定、全球海平面下降背景之上由相对海平面次一级旋回变化形成的,是古气候变化、沉积物供给及构造沉降共同作用的结果。     

First occurrence of the Salvador Formation in the Jatobá Basin (Pernambuco,Northeast Brazil): Facies characterization and depositional systems

Fan deltas, constituting proximal depositional systems adjacent to boundary faults, are common features associated with rift basins. The Cretaceous fan delta systems of the Salvador Formation, deposited during the rift phase of the Recôncavo-Tucano-Jatobá Basin, were first reported in the Recôncavo Basin and later discovered in the Tucano Basin. Because of the absence of any outcrops in the Jatobá Basin until now, these alluvial fans were interpreted solely through seismic analysis. We report the first revealed outcrops of the Salvador Formation in that basin and characterize their depositional systems as interlayered with the lacustrine Candeias Formation. Based on facies and architecture, the alluvial system can be subdivided into three associations: (1) proximal fan delta, characterized by meter-scale conglomerate bodies with a predominance of boulders and cobbles with thin sandstone layers; (2) distal fan delta, characterized by sheet-like pebble conglomerate and sandstone layers with flame and load structures; and (3) lacustrine, further subdivided into shallow lake facies reddish shales and mudstones with oolitic limestones and deep lake facies grey to green shales with pyrite. Paleocurrent measurements for the proximal fan association show paleoflow direction varying from SW to SE, which is expected for the rift phase alluvial system. The Recôncavo-Tucano-Jatobá rift system has two conglomeratic units, namely the Salvador and Marizal Formations, the former a syn-rift and the latter a post-rift unit. The absence of sedimentary clasts in the conglomerates, very low maturity, the presence of giant clasts, and a visible relationship between boundary faults in the outcrop, define the syn-rift Salvador Formation characteristics. Based on the facies and paleocurrent analyses, the Salvador Formation deposits in Jatobá Basin were interpreted as a deposition of a debris flow-dominated fan delta, indicating the lacustrine setting represented by the Candeias Formation.     

The Pangaea Megamonsoon records: Evidence from the Triassic Mungaroo Formation,Northwest Shelf of Australia

An integrated analysis in this study of paleogeographic, paleontologic, seismic and sedimentologic data has been used to explain the effect of the Pangaean megamonsoon on the whole Triassic (especially the Middle–Late Triassic Mungaroo Formation) in the North Carnarvon Basin, Northwest Shelf of Australia. Our results show that the three Triassic formations from bottom to top (Locker Shale, Mungaroo Formation and Brigadier Formation) comprise a complete depositional cycle and correspond to an undeveloped, strong, and weak monsoon periods, respectively. During the strong monsoon period of the Mungaroo Formation, the palynological evidences exhibited mixture spore-pollen characteristics of the hygrophytic assemblage (spore-pollen from the pteridophyte spores, seed ferns and cycads pollen in humid environment of lowlands and coastal plain) and the xerophytic assemblage (pollen from the drought tolerant plants of the interior mountainous areas). The sedimentary evidences of the Mungaroo Formation show low-angle shingled progradational seismic reflection configuration. The highly seasonal variations in precipitation during deposition of the Mungaroo Formation exhibited typical “sandwiched” depositional characteristics of coarse channels sandstone (fining-upward fluvial aggradational cycles (FACs) with poor to moderately sorting and angular to subangular roundness), organic mudstone and coal seam interbedded. Finally, in contrast to today's typical examples of Poyang Lake Delta, a shallow-water braided delta conceptual depositional model of the Mungaroo Formation is formed with a large proximal and distal delta plain, and small delta front. The model results serve mainly to indicate the importance of various climate-forming factors (climate, topography, eustatic), whereas tectonic activity unlikely played any significant role in this process.     

博格达山前凹陷上二叠统乌拉泊组沉积相及沉积模式

有关准噶尔盆地南缘上二叠统乌拉泊组的沉积环境, 一直存在较大争议。作者根据沉积物中的地球化学标志、碎屑岩的粒度分布特征及泥岩中的粘土矿物组合, 对博格达山前凹陷上二叠统乌拉泊组的沉积环境进行了分析, 认为乌拉泊组为一套海退背景下的沉积产物, 底部属海相沉积, 中、上部为陆相沉积。通过对野外剖面的岩性组合、沉积物的结构、原生沉积构造及沉积韵律等特征的研究, 在乌拉泊组中, 从底到顶识别出四种沉积相类型, 分别为潮坪相、滨岸水下扇相、辫状河流相和冲积扇相, 本区沉积相的演化主要受控于博格达陆间裂谷带的形成和发展.