岚山港液体石油化工品码头工程大圆筒基床下水下整平方案的设计与实施

结合工程实例 ,介绍了座床式大圆筒结构防波堤和码头基床整平所采用的“下钢轨拉线整平”方案、“十点验收法”及其实施步骤 ,并对该整平方案的优点进行了分析和总结。     

重力式方块码头的沉降位移与后倾坡度

本文通过青岛港八号码头工程的施工实例,系统论述了重力式方码头在施工中发生的沉降、位移与后倾坡度问题。指出影响后倾坡度变化的主要因素是码头断面的结构型式,抛石基床的密实度以及基床顶部的整平层厚度。文中还结合工程实例对重力式码头抛石基床的密实度及整平层厚度对沉降量的影响等给出较实用的经验公式。     

水下抛石基床的机械化施工

本文简述了七十年代以来国内外,主要是国内港工重力式建筑物抛石基床的机械化抛石、夯实和整平技术以及发展趋势。     

广州港南沙港区二期工程深基床爆破夯实效果分析

重力式码头基床爆破夯在深基床的情况下,具有更明显的优势。结合广州港南沙港区二期工程深基床爆夯的应用,对爆夯法加固深基床进行了效果分析,并提出需要探讨的几个问题。     

某浮箱式船坞的设计和施工

本文论述我国首次新建在大面积碎石基床上的3000吨级浮箱式干船坞的设计和施工经验。建造方法采用钢筋混凝土浮箱整体沉放的新工艺。结构计算简化为纵向和横向弹性地基上的基础梁,采用日莫契金链杆法确定地基反力,并计算了基床整平的施工误差和温度应力的影响。浮箱排水量近7000吨。本文介绍了浮箱在预制、拼装、起浮、拖运、沉放,到船坞建成投产采取的一些有效的技术措施,可提供有关工程参考。     

沉入式大圆筒结构码头工作机理离心模型试验研究

沉入式大圆筒结构码头，由于筒体下部有一定长度嵌入港地泥面以下的地基土层中，因此，其工作机理不仅不同于其它挡土岸壁式码头，而且也有别于基床式大圆铜结构码头。本文介绍了用土工物理离心试验对这一结构形式码头工作机理所作的研究，就沉入式大圆的深高比、径高比和筒壁摩擦作用对工作性状影响规律进行了初步研究，另外还尝试测定了大圆筒侧壁土压力分布规律，并探讨了码头面沉降发展趋势特征。     

港珠澳大桥东人工岛岛隧结合部沉管安放区导流堤掩护效果水动力精细模拟

港珠澳大桥东人工岛所在海域受水下地形和近岸边界影响呈"涨潮NE向、落潮SW向"的往复流特点,东人工岛岛隧结合部沉管基槽水域在岛头挑流作用下涨潮流呈N向流动。根据岛隧结合部区域的水流运动特征,制订了基槽掩护区南北两侧"非对称"型的双导流堤掩护措施。建立基槽局部水域的三维水流数学模型,模拟岛隧结合部水流运动的三维特征,对导流堤实施后的掩护效果进行水动力仿真模拟。研究结果表明:基槽掩护区内流速大幅减弱,E33管节基槽的人工整平段最大流速在0.5 m/s以内,整平船施工段最大流速不超过0.8 m/s,E33管节各区流速均能满足沉管安装的水流条件。为安全起见,E33管节沉放安装时机适合选在潮流动力较弱的小潮期。     

典型圆筒码头结构安全性检测评估研究

针对圆筒码头结构特点,在现场检测和结构安全性评估方面进行了研究,然后结合一种特殊圆筒码头结构实例进行了现场检测和结构安全评估介绍。研究发现,该特殊圆筒码头结构与一般的重力式码头和高桩码头结构有较大不同,在进行结构检测时应专门制定检测方案;结构安全性评估时应重点对结构倾覆、结构滑移及重要构件进行安全计算,以确保结构安全。     

坐底式整平船对流场影响的试验研究

通过整平船在长江口南导堤 Se段工程对流场影响的模型试验 ,得出各断面在不同潮位、流速、流向情况下 ,只有导堤和有整平船作业时会对周围流场有影响 ,为施工方案的比选以及施工中应采取的措施提供了可靠的依据。     

远破波波浪力计算公式的探讨

本文计算比较了暗基床及低基床直立堤上远破波各种波浪力计算公式的差别。表明在缓坡时,我规范公式值与日、苏规范的公式值差别不大,而陡坡时差别较大,明基床时差别也变大。     

Experimental Study on Friction Coefficient Between Concrete and the Top Surface of Rubble Mound Foundation

Experimental studies on the friction coefficient between concrete and the top surface of a rubble mound foundation in China are reviewed. Through comparison of different test results, the development of this research is comprehensively analyzed. An experiment is carried out in the condition similar to prototype. The process curve of friction coefficient with the test block sliding is analyzed and a standard for determination of the friction coetfficient is defined. The variation features of the friction coefficient are analyzed on the basis of the present experimental results and other studies in China. It is shown that the friction coettfficient between concrete and the top surface of a rubble mound foundation decreases with the increase of the foundation pressure, and the friction coettqcient for a very fine leveling bed is smaller than that for a fine leveling bed.     

复合加载条件下吸力式沉箱基础承载特性数值分析

吸力式沉箱基础的承载特性是海洋工程结构设施建造与设计中的一个关键问题。这种新型的深水海洋基础型式,通常承受竖向上拔荷载与水平荷载的共同作用,其工作性能与设计理论远远不能满足工程实践的需要。本文采用有限元分析方法对吸力式沉箱基础的极限承载特性进行数值计算。以大型通用有限元分析软件ABAQUS为平台,通过二次开发,数值实现了Swipe试验加载方法和固定位移比分析方法,针对不同的沉箱长径比、土的强度折减系数,探讨了沉箱基础在垂直上拔荷载和水平荷载单调联合作用下的极限承载力,通过对不同荷载组合的数值计算构造了复合加载条件下沉箱基础破坏包络面。     

注浆加固技术在局部地基处理中的应用

结合工程实例,介绍了压力注浆技术在局部软弱地基处理中的作用原理,对施工过程及其质量控制作了阐述,并对加固效果进行了检测及分析。     

振冲挤密法加固砂类土地基在海岸工程中的应用

为了有效控制软土地基上海岸建筑物的工后沉降和不均匀沉降,各种软基处理方法在海岸工程建设中得到了越来越广泛的应用。结合海岸工程软土地基处理实例,对振冲挤密法的地基加固机理、加固砂类土地基时的设计参数、施工及加固后地基的检测等进行了探讨,结果表明,振冲挤密处理砂类土地基是行之有效的,并对今后的施工和设计提出了一些参考性建议。     

长期非平稳荷载调谐质量减振阻尼器优化设计

研究外荷载为长期非平稳随机过程。考虑长期荷载的特性 ,采用 1个概率谱密度函数来反映长期非平稳随机荷载及其特征 ;概率谱密度函数是基于大量的一般谱密度函数的统计特性获得。以延长结构的抗疲劳使用寿命为目标函数 ,提出了调谐质量减振阻尼器的优化设计方法 ,这在实际工程中有着极为广阔的应用前景。本文旨在从理论上发展长期非平稳随机荷载作用下调谐质量减振阻尼器的优化设计方法 ;文中采用长期波浪实测数据 ,给出了 1个数值算例说明整个设计过程。     

软土地基沉箱防波堤失稳模式及稳定性分析方法

针对现阶段深水软黏土地基防波堤建设的设计理论和稳定性分析方法尚不成熟,结合实际工程,采用三维弹塑性有限元数值分析方法,研究在水平或竖直单一方向荷载以及复合加载条件下软黏土地基上沉箱防波堤的失稳模式,提出破坏包络线的稳定性判别方法。在波浪水平荷载作用下,深水软基上沉箱防波堤发生倾覆失稳破坏,失稳转动点为沉箱底面以下中轴线偏右的某点,不同于规范中规定的岩石或砂质地基沉箱倾覆转动点为其后踵点;在重力等竖向荷载作用下,沉箱的失稳模式为结构整体下陷,抛石基床及地基形成连贯的塑性区域,呈现较明显地冲剪破坏形式;在水平、竖向复合荷载作用下,软基上沉箱防波堤的破坏包络线由结构倾覆破坏线和地基承载力破坏线组成,包络线将荷载组合区分成稳定区、仅发生水平承载力不足倾覆破坏区、仅发生地基竖向承载力不足破坏区、同时发生水平承载力和地基竖向承载力不足破坏区4个区域。研究成果为深水软基沉箱防波堤建设提供参考和借鉴。     

Erosion mechanism of local scour around cushioned caisson on reinforced ground

The scour behavior of cushioned caisson constructed on reinforced ground, which is used to support superstructure constructed in deep water in seismic zones, was investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Flume tests under nine different flow velocities between 18 and 48?cm/s were performed based on hydraulic similarity design. Complementary numerical simulations were also conducted for the flow velocities ranging from 16 to 46?cm/s. Five typical working modes of the foundation under erosion, namely, ideal working, well working, edge failure, shear failure, and total failure, are analyzed together with their potential impacts on seismic-designed foundation. The critical shear stress, local flow structures, and streamlines were used as the key factors to analyze the change of bed materials and the scour characteristics. Fluid–solid interaction model was built by computational fluid dynamics with sediment transport model, and k–ε turbulent model has been implemented to describe the turbulence in the fluid phase typical of scour process. The mechanisms of two possible failure models for the foundation layer elements were identified, based on which recommendations were provided for scour protection to ensure the integrity and performance of seismic-designed foundations. The integrated computational model and model experiments also demonstrate a framework to understand the local scour mechanism for the cushioned caisson on reinforced ground.     

Study on Seepage Characteristics of Composite Bucket Foundation Under Eccentric Load

Under the effect of eccentric loads,when the suction pressure of the composite bucket foundation is leveled,the seepage failure is very easy to occur.The seepage failure occurrence causes the foundation to settle unevenly and impairs the bearing performance.This study uses ABAQUS finite element software to establish a composite bucket foundation model for finite element analysis.The model simulates the seepage of the foundation penetrating process under eccentric load to reveal the induced seepage characteristics of the bucket foundation.The most vulnerable position of seepage failure under the eccentric loading is elucidated.Critical suction formulas for different offset eccentric moment strategies are derived and compared with existing literature formulas.Then the derived formula is supplemented and corrected according to the pressure difference between adjacent cabins.Conclusions can be drawn:(1)Under eccentric loads,the critical suction decreases about 7%?10%.(2)The pressure difference between adjacent cabins impacts significantly on the seepage field,and the critical suction,at most,can be reduced by 17.56%.(3)the offset strategies have little effect on the seepage field.Efficient and appropriate strategies can be selected to meet the requirement of leveling in engineering project.     

Buckling of circular, solid and annular plates with an intermediate circular support

The title problem is solved in the case where uniform applied loading is present at the plate outer boundary. Two independent solutions are obtained: the optimized Rayleigh–Ritz method and the finite element algorithmic procedure. Good engineering agreement is shown to exist. The proposed analytical procedure is convenient from a designer's viewpoint. Admittedly exact analytical solutions can be found in terms of Bessel functions, the procedure being rather complex from an engineering viewpoint.