The structure features of stick-slip mechanism of the strike-slip earthquake generating structure in the interior of the Chinese mainland

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中国东南地区塑性流动波与地震迁移(Ⅰ)

根据岩石圈塑性流动网络与塑性流动波 (网络波 )的观点 ,在采用和改进以往对于亚洲中东部其它地区网络波研究方法的基础上 ,通过地震活动沿塑性流动网带的迁移、速度场及边界起波期等研究 ,绘制了中国东南地区网络波走时等值线图和波峰带分布图 ,初步展示了网络波控制下的地震能量背景 ,为进一步的研究及该地区地震能量背景的物理预测提供了依据     

朝鲜核试验相关地震学研究进展及其文献计量学分析

朝鲜自2006年10月9日第一次开展地下核试验以来,分别于2009年5月25日、2013年2月12日、2016年1月6日、2016年9月9日和2017年9月3日相继进行了5次规模较大的核试验.由于核爆炸和天然地震的震源机制不同,可以通过核爆炸产生的地震波来进行核试验的监测,核试验相关地震学研究一直是国内外专家关注的焦点.本文分别从事件定位、性质识别、当量和埋藏深度等几个方面总结了近些年来朝鲜核试验相关地震学的研究进展,并基于文献计量学方法对朝鲜核试验相关地震学研究现状进行分析,综合结果表明,近些年基于朝鲜核试验的相关地震学研究的主要研究方向为核试验定位、当量估算以及震源深度等.     

Environmental Risks Within Natural Areas;The Ill River's Flood Plain, Alsace, France – Water Quality And Flooding

The project's case study area is that of the IllRiver flood plain between Colmar and Strasbourgon the central Alsace plain in northern France.This area has historically been a wetland forestand prairie grassland region and has been homeand resting site to much bird wildlife. Sudden snow meltsand intense precipitation in the adjacentVosges can still cause widespreadflooding. In recent times the ploughingin of much of the prairies and intensivemaize production has led to adestabilised biotope. Therefore, the closeto surface water table is under threatfrom the infiltration of agriculturalpesticides and fertilisers and the baresoils in winter are open to erosion.This wetland has been inscribed inEU circulars under the protection ofwetland areas (79/409) and an officialflood zone has been defined. Prairiegrassland conservation policies havebeen implemented.Given the area's ecological and agricultural importanceit has been the subject of many land-cover, soilmoisture and flood event studies at SERTIT usingoptical and radar remote sensing data(Clandillon et al., 1993; 1995; De Fraipont et al., 1994;Fellah et al., 1995; Fellah and Tholey et al., 1996;SERTIT, 1990; Tholey et al., 1997; Yésou et al., 1995).     

New Explorations of Laboratory and On-site Testing of Broadband Seismographs in China

According to different testing purposes, methods and available environmental conditions, the seismograph testing can be divided into laboratory and on-site testing, respectively. The testing of the seismograph''s key parameters and other concerning technical specifications are well described in guide documents (China Earthquake Administration, 2017). This includes seismometer sensitivity, linearity and clip levels based on the shake table test, as well as the seismometer natural period, damping constant based on electrical calibration (Wang Guangfu,1986; Plešinger A.,1993) and instrumental self-noise collocation estimation (Holcomb L.G., 1989; Sleeman R. et al., 2006). However, with the development of seismic observation technology, many new requirements for the performance evaluation of seismographs have been put forward, and new testing items and methods have emerged.     

核试验监测的地震学研究综述

侦察探测核爆事件,评估核爆信息等核试验监测工作,对评估核爆威力、研究核爆炸现象以及各种破坏因素的变化规律有着重要意义.地震学提供了核试验监测中关键的研究手段.核试验地震学监测研究主要包括核试验识别、定位、埋深、震级和当量的估计等内容.根据近半个世纪以来核试验方式的变化和技术的发展,介绍和总结了核试验监测中相关研究进展状况,主要包括事件定位、判别、震级测定、当量和埋深估计等地震学观测、理论和方法.     

"边研究、边预报"利弊分析与发展建议

鉴于中国与美国、日本、俄罗斯等主要地震国家过去三四十年地震预报研究工作的科学思路和技术途径比较接近,主要区别是,中国始终坚持“边研究、边预报”,而其他国家,尤其是西方国家以科学研究为主,本文着重分析了“边研究、边预报”的必要性、优越性与带来的差距,并提出了3点发展建议。     

试谈地震科技图书馆现代化建设

以山西省地震局地震科技图书馆为例 ,阐述了建立地震科技文献信息网的必要性和网络化建设构想。提出了电子阅览室的设想和实现途径 ,并对网络管理员的特点和基本工作进行了论述     

我国现行地震标准和标准体系的分析与思考

本文简述了我国地震标准化发展从无到有、从小到大经历的4个主要阶段,基于地震标准发布实施时间及业务领域分布统计对地震标准现状进行详细分析,阐述我国现行地震标准特点和存在的问题.在进一步研究地震标准体系的基础上,提出了完善建议,并初步构建了新的地震标准体系框架.通过对现行地震标准和标准体系的分析,提出地震标准化思考与建议,...     

管理干部培训现状及展望

对1986年以来地震系统管理干部(处级以上)的培训现状进行了调研、分析和评估,从理论与实际两个方面进行了探讨,为地震系统今后开展管理科学培训提出可行性的决策依据。     

Comment on the paper “CAWSES November 7–8, 2004, Superstorm: Complex Solar and Interplanetary Features in the Post-Solar Maximum Phase,” B. T. Tsurutani,E. Echer,F. L. Guarnieri,and J. U. Kozyra,Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 (2008)

The solar sources of the magnetic storms of November 8 and 10, 2004, are analyzed. The preliminary results of such an analysis [Yermolaev et al., 2005] are critically compared with the results of the paper [Tsurutani et al., 2008], where solar flares were put in correspondence with these magnetic storms. The method for determining solar sources that cause powerful magnetospheric storms is analyzed. It has been indicated that an optimal approach consists in considering coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as storm sources and accompanying flares as additional information about the location of CME origination.     

福建地下流体非地震前兆异常技术分析

通过福建地下流体多起非地震前兆异常调查核实,展示每一起前兆异常调查的思路和技术分析的过程;阐述各异常的表现形式;分析其不同的干扰源;并用实验数据进行验证。分析引起地震前兆异常存在问题,提出解决的措施。如何利用干扰信息,估算受干扰井泉的裂隙含水层的渗透系数等。本文对近几年福建地下流体非地震前兆异常技术分析进行初步总结,并对异常核实提出一些建议。     

地震系统科技信息资源集成整合的探索与研究

本文探索了网络化环境下,利用现代化的信息技术,对地震科技信息资源集成整合以及共建共享等问题。     

Asymmetric mantle dynamics in the MELT region of the East Pacific Rise

The mantle electromagnetic and tomography (MELT) experiment found a surprising degree of asymmetry in the mantle beneath the fast-spreading, southern East Pacific Rise (MELT Seismic Team, Science 280 (1998) 1215–1218; Forsyth et al., Science 280 (1998) 1235–1238; Toomey et al., Science 280 (1998) 1224–1227; Wolfe and Solomon, Science 280 (1998) 1230–1232; Scheirer et al., Science 280 (1998) 1221–1224; Evans et al., Science 286 (1999) 752–756). Pressure-release melting of the upwelling mantle produces magma that migrates to the surface to form a layer of new crust at the spreading center about 6 km thick (Canales et al., Science 280 (1998) 1218–1221). Seismic and electromagnetic measurements demonstrated that the distribution of this melt in the mantle is asymmetric (Forsyth et al., Science 280 (1998) 1235–1238; Toomey et al., Science 280 (1998) 1224–1227; Evans et al., Science 286 (1999) 752–756) at depths of several tens of kilometers, melt is more abundant beneath the Pacific plate to the west of the axis than beneath the Nazca plate to the east. MELT investigators attributed the asymmetry in melt and geophysical properties to several possible factors: asymmetric flow passively driven by coupling to the faster moving Pacific plate; interactions between the spreading center and hotspots of the south Pacific; an off-axis center of dynamic upwelling; and/or anomalous melting of an embedded compositional heterogeneity (MELT Seismic Team, Science 280 (1998) 1215–1218; Forsyth et al., Science 280 (1998) 1235–1238; Toomey et al., Science 280 (1998) 1224–1227; Wolfe and Solomon, Science 280 (1998) 1230–1232; Evans et al., Science 286 (1999) 752–756). Here we demonstrate that passive flow driven by asymmetric plate motion alone is not a sufficient explanation of the anomalies. Asthenospheric flow from hotspots in the Pacific superswell region back to the migrating ridge axis in conjunction with the asymmetric plate motion can create many of the observed anomalies.     

用模糊数学方法对“地震预报”进行评分的研究

本文进一步简化了评分方法。仿照地震观测中的走时表给出了实用的时、空、强三要素的便查表,该表系用计算机对各参数和待定系数进行多方案选择制成,颇为简便,可供地震系统对地震预报意见进行评分时试用。     

四川地震工作三十年的进展与新世纪的展望

回顾了四川省过去30年的地震工作，包括地震观测技术、地震预报、地震地质、工程地震、地震灾害预测和防震减灾系统。指出存在的问题并提出建议。     

利用F10.7和Mg II构建太阳极紫外辐射长时间序列

利用SOHO/SEM在1996-2008年的太阳EUV观测数据,比较和评估F10.7和Mg II作为EUV代理参数的代表性,不能支持Viereck等关于Mg II是比F10.7更好的代理参数的结论.通过比较对两种参数的多种回归计算结果,确立双因子极大似然估计方法构建EUV计算模式,通过模型计算结果与SEM观测数据比较,表明该模型能够很好地重建EUV数据系列.利用该模式,构建了1978年11月以来的太阳极紫外辐射数据序列.     

Assessing estuarine environmental quality using fish-based indices: performance evaluation under climatic instability

The seasonal variation of five selected multimetric indices for the determination of the Ecological Quality Status (EQS) of transitional waters was evaluated, as well as the indices’ responses to an extreme drought event that occurred in 2005. The database used regards the Mondego River estuary, which was sampled from June 2003 to August 2006 on a monthly basis. Among the selected indices (EBI - Deegan et al. [Deegan, L., Finn, J.T., Ayvazlan, S.G., Ryder-Kieffer, C.A., Buonaccoesi, J., 1997. Development and validation of an Estuarine Biotic Integrity Index. Estuaries 30(3), 601-617], EDI - Borja et al. [Borja, A., Franco, J., Valencia, V., Bald, J., Muxika, I., Belzunce, M.J., Solaun, O., 2004. Implementation of the European Water Framework Directive from the Basque Country (northern Spain): a methodological approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48(3-4), 209-218], EFCI - Harrison and Whitfield [Harrison, T.D., Whitfield, A.K., 2004. A multi-metric fish index to assess the environmental condition of estuaries. Journal of Fish Biology 65, 683-710], EBI - Breine et al. [Breine, J.J., Maes, J., Quataert, P., Van den Bergh, E., Simoens, I., Van Thuyne, G., Belpaire, C., 2007. A fish-based assessment tool for the ecological quality of the brackish Scheldt estuary in Flanders (Belgium). Hydrobiologia 575, 141-159] and TFCI - Coates et al. [Coates, S., Waugh, A., Anwar, A., Robson, M., 2007. Efficacy of a multi-metric fish index as an analysis tool for the transitional fish component of the Water Framework Directive. Marine Pollution Bulletin 55, 225-240]), the EBI by Breine et al. (2007) was the only that evidenced clear interannual and seasonal variations. The EQS by the several indices ranged from “Low” to “High”, depending on the index considered, evidencing the high level of mismatch between indices. The results are discussed in the scope of the EU Water Framework Directive, regarding monitoring strategies, application of indices and EQS assessment.     

青藏高原东北缘地区Pn波速度的横向变化

搜集整理了中国国家地震台网和区域地震台网记录的Pn波到时资料，利用层析成像方法分析了青藏高原东北地区上地幔顶部P波速度及其各向异性的横向变化．结果表明，该地区Pn波的平均速度偏高，为8.09 km/s；构造上稳定的柴达木盆地下面，上地幔顶部Ｐ波速度较高，而构造上比较活跃的山西地堑地区波速则较低．1920年发生海原大地震的地区，上地幔顶部是Ｐ波速度偏低的地区．一个值得注意的结果是，与天山挤压带上地幔顶部Ｐ波速度偏低的情况不同，在青藏高原东北缘的祁连山现代挤压变形带地区，上地幔顶部是Ｐ波速度偏高的地区．鄂尔多斯地块下面，波速度不均一，存在高低速的变化．这与该地块四周皆有强地震活动、地块本身可能有整体的构造运动有关．