贝尔凹陷与塔南凹陷下白垩统铜钵庙组南屯组油气储层特征及孔隙度控制作用

早白垩世铜钵庙-南屯组的火山岩和砂岩是中国海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷和蒙古国塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷的主要油气储层.其中:铜钵庙组储层主要由火山碎屑岩组成;南屯组储层以砂岩为主,其次为火山碎屑岩.在铜钵庙组的火山碎屑岩中,贝尔凹陷主要为凝灰岩,塔南凹陷主要为沉凝灰岩和凝灰质砂岩.镜质体反射率和最高热解温度数据表明,成岩阶段主要为中成岩阶段A期.铜钵庙组-南屯组储层的孔隙类型主要为次生孔,其次为原生孔,属中低孔、特低渗型储层.贝尔凹陷和塔南凹陷均发育2个异常高孔隙带,储层孔隙度主要受储层岩石类型、沉积相和成岩作用控制.     

万安盆地中部坳陷——一个巨大的富生烃坳陷

万安盆地位于万安断裂西侧, 是一个大型的走滑拉张盆地.其中部坳陷为富生烃坳陷, 发育有渐新统湖沼相、海湾相泥岩和下中新统浅海相泥岩2套主要烃源岩, 渐新统烃源岩具有良好的生烃潜力, 下中新统烃源岩次之.万安盆地的油气藏主要分布于中部坳陷及其相邻的西北断阶带、北部隆起和中部隆起, 而在北部坳陷、南部坳陷和东部隆起上仅见油气显示.研究表明, 万安盆地这种油气分布特征明显地受中部富生烃坳陷所控制.      

Petroleum Systems of Chagan Depression,Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin, Northwest China

INTRODUCTIONYingen-Ejinaqi basinis locatedin the WulatehouBanner in the west of the Inner Mongolia Autono-mous Region of China ,and covers an area of approxi-mately 122 000 km2( Chen et al ., 2001) . As aMesozoic-Cenozoic depression in Yingen-Ejinaqi ba-sin,the Chagan depression lies in the northeast ofthis basin (Fig.1) .It is about 60 kmlong and 34 kmwide and covers an area of approxi mately 2 000 km2( Wang et al .,2002) .In terms of the basement ter-rain,forms of major structural…     

饶阳凹陷下第三系碎屑岩储集条件分析

本文根据饶阳凹陷孔隙演化、砂岩粘土矿物演化并结合生油岩演化特征将下第三系砂岩成岩作用划分为三个时期、五个阶段。根据下第三系已钻遇油藏与有机质纵向演化特征，结合压力、砂岩压实、岩芯物性数据对砂岩储层条件进行分析。纵向上确定出各类储层分布规律并对深部储集条件进行预测。     

云南思茅坳陷油气勘探潜力分析

基于野外采样分析,初步明确思茅坳陷主要烃源岩丰度特征,龙潭组的煤系地层与和平乡组下部的海相深色泥岩为坳陷最为重要的烃源岩层段。工区发育大水井组的颗粒灰岩与景星组的石英砂岩二套主要储层。通过对2012年4条二维地震测线的解释,共发现盐店、翁孔、那武及嘎胡四个主要构造圈闭,并在工区南缘的那武附近发现呈北东向展布的背斜群。综合多种成藏有利要素分析,思茅坳陷具有巨大的油气勘探潜力。     

苏丹Muglad盆地Fula坳陷白垩系Abu Gabra组层序地层及沉积体系

Fula坳陷白垩系Abu Gabra组是Muglad盆地第一裂谷旋回中形成的同裂谷期地层,它可以分为3个二级层序,自下而上是K1SSⅠ、K1SSⅡ和 K1SSⅢ,它们分别与断陷期早期地层、断陷期中期地层和断陷期晚期地层相对应。其中二级层序K1SSⅠ和K1SSⅢ各分为2个三级层序,K1SSⅡ则可进一步划分为3个三级层序。综合应用地震和钻/测井资料,以三级层序为单元,完成了Abu Gabra组沉积相分布与沉积体系预测工作。研究认为,阿加组的主要沉积类型包括:河流相、三角洲相、扇三角洲相、辫状河三角洲相、近岸水下扇相、滨浅湖亚相、半深湖—深湖亚相。各沉积相带在Fula坳陷内的演化形成了5个主要沉积体系,分别是东北部的扇三角洲体系,西北部的三角洲体系、西部近岸水下扇体系、东南部辫状河三角洲体系以及早期的河流沉积体系。沉积体系的分布与演化受构造活动强度变化的控制,也受古地形和古地貌的影响。     

Aeromagnetic data interpretation of east Qattara Depression,Northwest Desert,Egypt

The study area is located at the east of Qattara Depression at the north of the Western Desert of Egypt. The study area contains Abu Gharadig basin, which is the most petroliferous basin in the Egyptian Western Desert. Only three exploratory wells are presented in the study area, showing a thick sediment section overlying basement rocks. Magnetic data have been frequently used in geophysical exploration. Aeromagnetic data are mainly utilized to estimate the depth to the magnetic basement as well as to delineate the possible structures of the study area. The depth to magnetic basement has been estimated using the analytical solution of exponential equations obtained from the Fourier transformation of magnetic data, assuming multi-prisms. The depths obtained from this technique vary from 0.70 to 2.91 km with an average depth of 2.08 km. Local phase filters have been mainly used as edges detector where the possible occurrences structures can be delineated. Hyperbolic tilt angle, second-order tilt angle, and normalized total horizontal derivative (TDX) provide the best results for delineating the possible structures, showing the possible contacts within the basement of the study area. The edge enhancement filters show that the study area has been affected by different structural trends taking E-W, NE-SW, NNE-SSW, N-S, and ENE-WSW directions.     

Magneto-seismic studies of the eastern Qattara Depression,Northwestern desert,Egypt

The potential field data are considered the main supporting factor in the geophysical exploration process for detecting and evaluating the subsurface structures. Therefore, a detailed land magnetic survey was performed in an area subjected to seismic investigations. The main target of this study was to detect the deeper subsurface structures and to investigate their possible relationships with earthquake activity.The RTP aeromagnetic map was used to detect the regional extension of the structures interpreted from the land magnetic survey. The RTP land and aeromagnetic maps were interpreted by the filtering technique, least-squares separations, tectonic trend analysis, spectral analysis, Werner method, Euler method, and 2D techniques. The results show that the main tectonic trends are 35° N–45° W, 45° N–65° E, E–W, and Aqaba.Moreover, two seismic lines, WQ85-31B and 127, were interpreted, and their location was matched with the deduced tectonic map. The results show great matching between the location of the faults deduced from both the geomagnetic and seismic data. They agree completely with the well logging data.Furthermore, these structures are correlated with the earthquake activities recorded by the Egyptian National Seismological Network (ENSN). The correlation implies that the studied area is more stable than other adjacent areas in the northern parts of Egypt close to the Mediterranean Sea and the Nile River Delta.     

伊通盆地岔路河断陷不同构造带成岩作用比较

应用有机质热演化指标,结合黏土矿物分布规律对伊通盆地岔路河断陷不同构造带储层的成岩阶段进行了划分。在黏土矿物分布、地层水分布规律及成岩阶段分析的基础上,结合薄片和扫描电镜及压汞孔隙分析手段,对岔路河断陷储层成岩作用的类型、分布规律与构造、沉积微相、黏土矿物和地层水的关系进行了研究。结果表明:从南往北相应的成岩阶段深度变浅,梁家构造带、万昌构造带和波太凹陷存在3个次生孔隙带,孤店斜坡带均存在2个次生孔隙带,新安堡凹陷不明显;次生孔隙的形成受有机酸、不整合界面处的地表水淋滤及深部碱性作用控制;不同构造带不同微相内压实和胶结作用对储层的影响程度明显不同。     

东濮凹陷濮卫洼陷油气聚集条件

为加快东濮凹陷濮卫洼陷滚动勘探开发,分析本区沙三中亚段油气聚集条件特征,结合沉积相与砂体展布预测了洼陷有利油气聚集区.东濮凹陷濮卫洼陷发育巨厚的砂体展布,具有断陷湖盆分布体系多物源、多期次演化密切相关的特点,为油气聚集条件打下了良好的物质基础.通过对构造的研究,钻井岩心和测井的综合分析,认为濮卫洼陷具有多种有利的油气聚集条件.即广布的成熟烃源岩是油气生成的物质基础,不同类型砂体展布提供了重要储集空间,多套盐岩的沉积形成了良好的盖层分布,多种成因类型的圈闭是油气藏聚集的主要场所.通过对沙三中亚段8、4、3砂层组的初步分析,评价结果认为4砂层组情况最好,洼陷西翼中部和西北部为最有利区块.     

塔里木盆地库车坳陷中生代盆地性状及成因分析

库车坳陷充填有厚约4000~5000 m(局部最大厚度可达6000 m)的中生界陆相地层。地面特征和地震资料表明,库车坳陷北部地区中生界与下伏强烈变形、变质的古生界呈角度不整合接触,南部地区中生界与下伏寒武系-奥陶系呈平行不整合或微角度不整合接触。按照地层厚度趋势推测的中生界在山前地带有强烈的剥蚀,沉积厚度轴线位于南天山晚古生代造山楔之上,显示库车坳陷中生代盆地是上叠在塔里木克拉通北部边缘隆起和南天山晚古生代造山楔过渡带上的拗陷盆地。三叠纪-侏罗纪沉降-沉积中心向后陆(造山带)迁移,早白垩世向前陆迁移,且盆地同沉积期区域规模的断裂活动不明显,据此推测晚古生代造山作用后的岩石圈热作用及地壳均衡作用是中生代盆地沉降的主控动力学因素。     

泌阳凹陷下二门油田油气成藏机理研究

下二门油田位于泌阳凹陷东部边界下降盘内侧,是一个在早期同沉积逆牵引背斜构造基础上后期通过差异抬升和断裂改造的背斜构造。该油田油气差异聚集特征明显,从核三段和核二段下部的纯油藏,向上过渡到核二段上部带气顶的油藏,直到核一段和廖庄组为纯气藏,油源对比表明其上部的油气是通过长距离垂向运移由下部成熟油气向上运移聚集的。下二门背斜是一个早期(核三段Ⅶ砂组沉积时期)伴随着边界断裂的快速下降而形成的同沉积逆牵引背斜构造,但隆起幅度不明显,早喜马拉雅运动(廖庄组沉积末期)使该区遭受强烈的挤压,形成从下到上幅度逐渐加大的背斜隆起,晚喜马拉雅运动,形成北东、北东东向的张性断裂,使下二门背斜构造断裂化,形成了现今与断层有关的多种圈闭类型。与其相对应地该油田具有多期成藏和调整成藏的特点,一是发生在核一段沉积末期古油藏形成时期,二是发生在廖庄组沉积末期古油藏遭受破坏和成熟油气开始大量充注的时期,三是发生在廖庄末构造抬升期的晚期和第四系沉积前的大量油气充注和现今油气藏定型时期。其油气成藏模式是早期通过单砂体运移通道侧向运移缓慢充注聚集,中后期廖庄组末期差异抬升运动导致势能差的急剧增大而快速充注和断裂改造垂向调整运移聚集成藏模式。     

辽东湾坳陷辽西凸起的形成与演化

以地震、钻井等地质资料为基础,结合磷灰石裂变径迹、断层活动性、平衡剖面等方法,对辽东湾坳陷辽西凸起新生代的形成演化过程进行了分析,结果表明:辽西凸起形成于新生代古近纪孔店组.沙四段沉积期,是在辽西1号、2号、3号断裂活动和区域性构造抬升共同控制之下形成的,其间发生了三期构造抬升事件,分别在孔店组.沙三段沉积初期(40Ma之前)、东营组沉积末期.馆陶组沉积初期(26~20Ma)和馆陶组沉积末期.明化镇组沉积初期(10Ma)。由于控制凸起的断层垂向活动性差异,辽西凸起不同分段的形成演化过程存在差异,整体上呈现出南段抬升强度大于北段;沙一、二段沉积期北段开始接受沉积,早于南段,区域内沙一、二段和东营组地层表现出由北向南逐渐减薄的趋势。作为辽东湾坳陷一个重要的次级构造单元,辽西凸起的形成演化与中国东部区域性构造事件具有很好的响应关系,但和东部的辽东凸起相比,二者在形成机制上存在一定的差异性,体现了统一区域应力场下局部应力场的时空差异。     

Fluid Dynamic Field in Bozhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

The physical accumulation process of oil and gas, as thenatural nuids buried in the underground, follows the mechanism of fluid flow dynamics (Tao, 19831 Hubbert, 1953,1940). More and more lines of evidence show that the underground fluid dynamics not only controls hydrocarbon expulsionand accumulation directly, but also influences hydrocarbongeneration and preservation. Therefore, this research has beenpursued with great interests by worldwide petroleum geologists(GOng and Yang, 19993 Ye et…     

Palaeogene structural evolution of Dongying Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,NE China

Based on the new all-covering 3D seismic data and the drilling-logging data, we established the sequence stratigraphic framework for Dongying Depression and identified two kinds of structural systems in Palaeogene, i.e. the extensional structural system and the transtensional structural system. The extensional structural system consists of different normal faults that predominantly trend NE, EW, and NW. The attitudes of the normal faults vary in different tectonic settings. However, the transtensional structural system consists of some strike–slip faults and some normal faults. According to the analysis of the relationships between the faults and the sedimentary sequences of Dongying Depression, we considered that the extensional structural system was developed mainly from the Palaeocene to the middle Eocene, whereas the transtensional structural system was mostly developed from the middle Eocene to the Oligocene. In addition, we found that the structural systems had transformed since 43.5 Ma, when the subduction direction and activity rates of the Pacific Plate changed and the dextral strike–slip movement of the large-scale Tanlu fault zone started from eastern China. The extensional structural deformation was probably derived from the back-arc extension triggered by subduction rollback of the Pacific Plate under the Eurasian Plate, whereas the transtensional structural deformation was probably related to the regional dextral strike–slip movement induced by the subduction of the Pacific Plate and the continents’ collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.     

东海陆架盆地西部凹陷带长江凹陷含煤层系分布特征分析与预测

通过对同处东海陆架盆地西部凹陷群的长江凹陷、瓯江凹陷以及处于陆架盆地东部凹陷群但与长江凹陷相连通的西湖凹陷3凹陷在构造背景、形成演化、构造特征、地层分布与沉积环境变迁等方面的综合对比分析认为,长江凹陷古新统美人峰组中上部、始新统长江组中上部应分别具有与瓯江凹陷古新统中上部的明月峰组、西湖凹陷始新统中上部的平湖组相似的含煤层系分布,渐新统以上地层不存在或仅有部分煤线分布;与西湖凹陷相连通的南部大观园深凹内部广泛发育的连接浙闽隆起和翠秀堂低凸的构造斜坡带是含煤层系分布的最有利区域.     

银根盆地查干凹陷火山沉积岩岩相特征及其识别标志

对银根盆地查干凹陷火山沉积岩岩相及其在地震剖面上的识别标志进行研究,探讨火山沉积作用与油气藏的关系,指出了与火山沉积作用有关油气藏的有利勘探区带。该区火成岩岩相类型有爆发相、溢流相、火山颈相及火山沉积相,尤以溢流岩的沉积作用最为发育;依据火山岩类通常以地震波速较高、密度大、磁化率高、电阻率大和地震波吸收能量大的特征,建立了几种火山沉积岩的地震识别标志。深大断裂控制着火成岩及与其相关的沉积作用的分布,同时控制着油气圈闭的分布。     

从东濮凹陷看济阳坳陷天然气勘探

济阳坳陷是渤海湾盆地内的一个富油凹陷,针对该区天然气勘探长期以来一直没有取得实质性的进展、目前所发现的天然气主要集中在中浅层的现状,将济阳坳陷天然气成藏的地质条件与东濮凹陷进行了比较,认为济阳坳陷具备形成大规模天然气藏的条件,其天然气勘探最具潜力的领域应是煤成气藏及深洼陷周围的深层天然气藏;指明了东营凹陷盐下构造、渤南等深洼陷的深层周边区带、环黄河口凹陷的滩海深层、潍北凹陷和青东凹陷4个深层勘探方向,阐述了煤成气今后的勘探、研究方向.从宏观上评价了济阳坳陷天然气的勘探潜力,明确了今后的勘探方向.     

蒙古塔木察格坳陷白垩系震积岩特征及其地质意义

通过岩芯观察,结合构造背景研究,在蒙古塔木察格坳陷白垩纪地层中识别出震积岩。震积岩的主要标志有微同沉积断裂、同沉积塑性变形构造、液化脉、震积枕状及伴生构造等。通过对塔219 井、塔1943 井等岩芯的系统观察,建立了蒙古塔木察格坳陷白垩系震积岩的垂向序列。震积岩的垂向序列自下而上依次为砂岩脉（砂火山）层段、水塑性褶皱变形层段、斧式构造层段、滑塌构造层段、阶梯状微断层和震裂缝层段、准原地沉积湖泊津浪丘状层理和内碎屑角砾岩层段、异地沉积震浊积岩层段,对应于地震由强变弱的一个变化过程。震积岩的发现具有重要的研究意义,有助于分析盆地边界断裂的强烈活动时期。