阴离子交换树脂-活性炭动态吸附无火焰原子吸收法测定矿石中的微量金铂钯

采用717阴离子交换树脂-活性炭分离富集矿石中的微量Au、Pt、Pd。40μg待测元素富集结果表明,Au、Pt、Pd的回收率分别为100%、95.3%和96.3%。以HC l为介质在无火焰原子吸收仪上测定。方法经对国家一级标准物质GBW 07291、GBW 07292分析检验,结果与标准值相符。对GBW 07291国家一级标准物质测定7次,其精密度(RSD)分别为:Au 9.4%、Pt 11.2%、Pd 3.0%。方法适用于矿石中10-6~10-9量级Au、Pt、Pd的测定。     

阴离子树脂富集-ICP-MS测定地质样品中的痕量铂和钯

本文建立了一种快速测定地质样品中Pt、Pd的方法。试样经过700℃高温焙烧后,采用王水-盐酸处理样品,加入强碱性阴离子交换树脂进行振荡吸附,吸附物灰化后,用王水溶解至尽近后,采用5%HCl浸提,采用Rh作为内标,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。Pt、Pd的检出限分别为0.2μg·L~(-1)和0.4μg·L~(-1),精密度(RSD,n=12)分别为4.01%,4.19%,加标回收率分别在97.1%103.5%,101.5%103.2%之间,通过对7件国家标准物质(GBW07288GBW07294)进行测定,测定值与标准值基本一致。该方法简单快速、准确度高、精密度良好,测定值与推荐值基本一致。     

原子荧光光谱法直接测定铜矿中的硒

采用硫脲抑制铜的干扰，不经分离富集原子荧光光谱法直接测定铜矿中的Se。方法的检出限为0．02μg/g。Se浓度在0～80μg／L与荧光强度呈线性关系。用铜矿石国家一级标准物质GBW 07233(ωSe为5．1μg／g)和GBW 07234(ωSe为0.89μg／g)进行精密度试验，RSD(n=12)为3.44％、8.06％。加标准回收试验结果，Se的回收率为93．2％～104、6％。经铜矿石国家标准物质验证，测定结果与标准值相符，方法适用于铜矿中0～8．0μg／g Se的测定。     

干燥箱烘焙加热法测定土壤有机质的方法改进

对土壤有机质的测定方法从消煮方式、消煮温度、消煮时间、干扰因子的去除等方面进行了改进和探讨。用土壤国家标准物质GBW07406、GBW07427、GBW07428、GBW07430和自制二级土壤参考标准物质GRD40-13验证改进后的方法,测定值与标准值吻合。对GBW07402、GBW07424各进行12次测定,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)分别为:2.02%;0.73%。本法的氧化校正系数=1.00,且准确度高、重现性好、无污染、操作简便,已成功应用于诸多土壤样品分析中,结果完全能达到测试质量要求,适用于测定有机质含量在15%以下的土壤样品。     

交流电弧直读发射光谱法测定地球化学样品中银、硼、锡、钼、铅的方法研究

本文建立了交流电弧直读原子发射光谱法测定地球化学样品中银、硼、锡、钼、铅的分析方法。以K2S2O7、NaF、Al2O3、碳粉为缓冲剂,Ge为内标,优选了分析线对,曝光时间为25s,同时扣除分析线和内标线背景。选取国家一级地球化学标准物质（GBW07103、GBW07104、GBW07107、GBW07312、GBW07302a、GBW07304a、GBW07305a、GBW07307a、GBW07406、GBW07446、GBW07454、GBW07456）作为标准系列,以对数坐标二次曲线拟合标准曲线,并采取两次平行分析取平均值的计算方法。方法检出限为:Ag:0011×10-6、B:054×10-6、Sn:019×10-6、Mo:0034×10-6、Pb:066×10-6,精密度为:Ag:401%～833%、B:377%～786%、Sn:294%～817%、Mo:303%～1094%、Pb:201%～1111%。经岩石、水系沉积物、土壤国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与认定值符合。本方法操作简便、工作效率高,是一种新的测定地球化学样品中银、硼、锡、钼、铅的分析方法,可推广应用于大批量地球化学样品的分析测试。     

水浴浸提-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定地质样品中痕量砷和汞

采用盐酸-硝酸混合酸(盐酸-硝酸-水体积比3∶1∶4)水浴浸取地质样品,在样品消解后的母液中直接加入硫脲-抗坏血酸混合溶液,以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定地质样品中的痕量砷和汞。方法检出限为砷0.033 6 ng/mL,汞0.003 7 ng/mL;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=1)为砷1.1%,汞3.0%。对国家一级标准物质GBW 07109~GBW 07114、GBW 07301~GBW 07312、GBW 07401~GBW 07408中的砷和汞进行测定,测定值与标准值相吻合。     

微波消解电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定黑色页岩中稀有稀土元素

采用硝酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢于微波消解仪中分解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定贵州遵义地区某黑色页岩中稀有稀土元素的含量。对页岩标准物质(GBW 07107)和水系沉积物地球化学成分分析标准物质(GBW07305、GBW 07310)的分析,测定值与标准值相一致。对黑色页岩的分析结果较好,方法精密度(RSD,n=6)各元素均小于4%,加标回收率为97.9%~100.1%。方法准确度高、简单、快捷,一次溶样可同时测定多种元素。     

熔融制样X射线荧光光谱法测定铜矿石中16种主次量元素

铜矿石类型繁多,矿石赋存状态各异,成分复杂。在现有的铜矿石熔融制样X射线荧光光谱（XRF）分析方法中,选取标准物质个数和矿石类型少、分析范围宽,与实际样品类型相差太大,且制备的熔融片质量不高。本文选用铜含量既有良好浓度变化范围,又符合铜矿石常见含量的包括铜金银铅锌钼铜镍等各类矿石的24个标准物质,以四硼酸锂-偏硼酸锂-氟化锂为混合熔剂,熔剂与样品质量比为30：1,以溴化锂为脱模剂,改进样品预处理方式,将通常采用样品预氧化后或熔融中加入脱模剂的方式,改进为加入脱模剂后再用混合熔剂完全覆盖的方法制备了高质量的熔融片,建立了XRF测定铜矿石中铜锌铅硅铝铁钛锰钙钾镁钼铋锑钴镍16种元素的分析方法。分析铜矿石国家标准物质GBW 07164、GBW 07169,各元素的精密度（RSD）为0.1%~5.4%。分析国家标准物质GBW 07163（多金属矿石）、GBW 07170（铜矿石）的测定值与标准值相符;分析实际铜矿石样品,铜锌铅钼铋锑钴镍的测试结果与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和其他方法的测定值相符。本文方法扩大了基体的适应性,提高了实际应用价值。     

同位素稀释等离子体质谱法测定岩石中的铂

报道了以普通铂标准溶液标定198Pt稀释剂溶液的浓度,采用同位素稀释等离子体质谱法测定岩石中的Pt。稀释剂标定结果得到该198Pt稀释剂溶液的浓度为19.76μg/g(n=4,RSD=0.16%)。4次测定标准物质GBW07293(取样量约0.5g,推荐浓度440±37ng/g)中Pt含量,结果分别为412.0±2.6ng/g、495.9±2.7ng/g、519.6±3.5ng/g和677.3±3.8ng/g。单份试样重复测量的相对标准偏差<1%。由于铂族元素的块金效应,各份平行测定的结果较分散。     

碳酸钠-四硼酸钠碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铬铁矿石中11种元素

建立了用碳酸钠-四硼酸钠熔融分解样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定铬铁矿石中铁、铝、钙、镁、硅、锰、磷、钛、钒、钴、镍等11种元素的方法。对熔剂用量、元素分析谱线、仪器条件参数选择和基体效应等进行讨论,考察了铬量对测定结果的影响。结果表明,铬对各元素的测定结果影响明显,采取在标准溶液中加入一定量铬、熔剂和盐酸,保持基体与试样一致,消除了基体效应。方法检出限为0.12～3.83μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=12)为0.65%～3.86%。经国家标准物质(GBW 07201、GBW 07202)进行验证,测定值和标准值一致,加标回收率为91.4%～107.2%。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861