Geochemical characteristics of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Nan-Nam Pat-Phetchabun zone,northern Thailand

Late Permian-Early Triassic (P₂-T₁) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of ocean-ridge and oceanic-island basalts in the Nan-Uttaradit zone were analyzed from aspects of petrographic characteristics, rock assemblage, REE, trace elements, geotectonic setting, etc., indicating that those volcanic rocks possess the characteristic features of island-arc volcanic rocks. The volcanic rock assemblage is basalt-basaltic andesite-andesite. The volcanic rocks are sub-alkaline, dominated by calc-alkaline series, with tholeiite series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by low TiO₂ and K₂O and high Al₂O₃ and Na₂O. Their REE patterns are of the flat, weak LREE-enrichment right-inclined type. The trace elements are characterized by the enrichment of large cation elements such as K, Rb and Ba, common enrichment of U and Th, and depletion of Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of volcanic rocks, in consistency with the plot of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Jinsha River zone of China. This island-arc volcanic zone, together with the ocean-ridge/oceanic island type volcanic rocks in the Nan-Uttaradit zone, constitutes the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-island-arc magmatic rock zones which are distributed in pairs, indicating that the oceanic crust of the Nan-Uttaradit zone once was of eastward subduction. This work is of great significance in exploring the evolution of paleo-Tethys in the Nan-Uttaradit zone.     

西藏东巧地区玄武岩地球化学特征及构造环境分析

东巧蛇绿岩出露于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段,是蛇绿岩组合单元出露较完整的地区。微量(稀土)元素分析结果表明,蛇绿岩中的玄武岩具有轻稀土元素(LREE)显著富集的右倾稀土元素配分模式。(La/Yb)N=7.05~12.02,Th、Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf略具有正异常的微量元素组成特征,属于典型的洋岛玄武岩(OIB),与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)和板块汇聚环境下的岛弧玄武岩(IAB)存在明显差异。通过对其构造环境的判别,并结合蛇绿岩与相邻地质体的关系分析,认为东巧蛇绿岩中的玄武岩形成于大洋板内岩石圈上隆减压的洋岛环境,代表班公湖-怒江洋盆形成和发展阶段洋岛环境的大洋岩石圈残片。     

西藏泽当—罗布莎蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

西藏泽当—罗布莎蛇绿岩是雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分,受控于板块碰撞结合带。该蛇绿岩主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩及玄武岩等组成。变质橄榄岩具有低的A l2O3和CaO含量,以富Mg,贫Ti、∑REE为特征,与世界上典型蛇绿岩中方辉橄榄岩的特征值一致。辉长岩和玄武岩的主量元素、微量元素特征显示其含有洋脊拉斑玄武岩和大洋岛弧拉斑玄武岩的双重成分,其中高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、H f等亏损,大离子亲石元素Rb、Sr、Ba等相对富集,具有大洋岛弧玄武岩的特点。辉长岩在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图上为LREE亏损的平坦型,无负Eu异常,与洋中脊玄武岩类似。根据上述特征并结合区域地质构造特征,认为泽当?罗布莎蛇绿岩可能形成于边缘海盆地的海底慢速扩张环境。     

Petrogeochemical conditions and geodynamic settings of volcanic rocks in the Kiselyovka–Manoma accretionary complex (Russian Far East)

The Kiselyovka–Manoma accretionary complex formed at the end of the Early Cretaceous during subduction of the Pacific oceanic plate underneath the Khingan–Okhotsk active continental margin along the east of Eurasia. It is composed of Jurassic–Early Cretaceous oceanic chert, siliceous mudstone, and limestone that include a significant amount of basic volcanic rocks. The known and newly obtained data on the petrogeochemistry of the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous basalt from various parts of the accretionary complex are systemized in the paper. Based on the comprehensive analysis of these data, the possible geodynamic settings of the basalt are considered. The petrogeochemical characteristics provide evidence for the formation of basalt in different parts of the oceanic floor within the spreading ridge, as well as on oceanic islands far from the ridge. The basalts of oceanic islands are mostly preserved in the accretionary complex. The compositional variations of the basalts may be controlled by the different thickness of the oceanic lithosphere on which they formed. This is explained by the varying distances of the lithosphere from the spreading zone.     

西藏永珠——果芒错蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

永珠-果芒错蛇绿岩位于西藏永珠藏布-纳木错蛇绿岩带西段,主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩及玄武岩等组成。变质橄榄岩以富Mg,贫Ti、∑REE为特征。辉绿岩和玄武岩的主量元素、微量元素分析显示其含有洋脊拉斑玄武岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩的双重成分特征,其中高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等）亏损,大离子亲石元素（Rb、Sr、Ba等）相对富集,具有岛弧玄武岩的特点;在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图上显示稀土元素特征为LREE亏损的平坦型,无负Eu异常,与洋中脊玄武岩的特征类似。通过与典型地区作对比和应用构造环境判别图解,推断永珠-果芒错蛇绿岩形成于弧后盆地的构造环境。     

Basalts of the Pantalassa ocean in the Samarka terrane, Central Sikhote Alin

Basalts developed on the right bank of the Matai River belong to the Samarka terrane (Central Sikhote Alin), which is a fragment of the Jurassic accretionary prism. They associate with Carboniferous-Permian reef limestones, Permian pelagic cherts, Jurassic hemipelagic cherty-clayey deposits, and terrigenous rocks of the near-continental sedimentation area. The petrogeochemical features of the basalts provide insight into the character of the volcanism in different settings of the ancient Pantalassa ocean. In terms of chemistry, the Carboniferous-Permian basalts are similar to the within-plate ocean-island basalts related to plume mantle sources. They were presumably formed in an oceanic area with numerous islands and seamounts. The Permian basalts associated with cherts are tholeiitic in composition and were formed from depleted mantle in a spreading center located in the pelagic area. The Jurassic basalts are of plume origin and, in terms of geochemistry, occupy an intermediate position between OIB and E-MORB. They were presumably formed in a convergent zone in a geodynamic setting of rapid oblique subduction.     

东昆仑没草沟蛇绿岩地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

重点介绍了没草沟蛇绿岩岩石组合、地球化学特征等,并对该蛇绿岩构造背景进行了讨论。该蛇绿岩位于青海省格尔木市,构造上处于东昆仑复合造山带西段,岩石组合由变质基性玄武岩及少量辉绿岩、辉长岩、变质橄榄岩、辉橄岩等组成。岩石主量和微量元素特征显示该蛇绿岩与俯冲无关,属正常洋中脊型玄武岩。前人开展的地质调查表明,该蛇绿岩形成于晚奥陶世。通过对没草沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩和辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,分别获得了488.2±2.1Ma和500.8±2.2 Ma的年龄数据,确定该蛇绿岩形成时代为中寒武世—早奥陶世。该同位素年龄的获得填补了该地区蛇绿岩无时代依据的空白,同时反映古特斯洋在本区的残留。综合区域地质特征认为,没草沟蛇绿岩早期为初始洋盆环境,晚期有洋脊扩张中心环境的玄武岩形成。寒武纪早期是洋盆发育的全盛期,奥陶纪晚期洋壳发生消减,于晚志留世洋盆基本闭合,后期伴有绿片岩相变质作用。     

北祁连缝合带油葫芦沟玄武岩地球化学特征

对油葫芦沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩进行了地球化学研究, 以探讨其形成环境。油葫芦沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩的主量和微量元素具有低钾富钠的特征, 属低钾(拉斑)系列。玄武岩的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素分配模式图表现为近平坦型, 轻重稀土富集不明显, 属于亏损地幔(N型)。大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、K和Sr出现负异常, 高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Hf、Zr无负异常, 表现出大洋中脊幔源岩浆作用的特征。构造环境判别图显示, 油葫芦沟玄武岩属于典型的亏损型大洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)。研究结果表明油葫芦沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩为北祁连洋洋壳的组成部分, 北祁连洋在晚元古代—晚寒武世为典型的大洋中脊环境。      

内蒙古贺根山蛇绿岩中玄武岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

贺根山蛇绿岩（套）中发育有气孔杏仁状玄武岩,为蛇绿岩套的组成部分。通过对其锆石U-Pb测年,其加权平均年龄为395.9 Ma±3.0 Ma,结合区域地质背景,认为贺根山蛇绿岩（套）形成时代为中泥盆世—早石炭世。玄武岩为亚碱性系列,具有LREE亏损、类似N-MORB的稀土配分模式,同时具备大洋玄武岩和岛弧玄武岩特征,认为贺根山蛇绿岩（套）应形成于弧后盆地;通过与现代典型Mariana洋内弧后盆地和Okinawa陆缘弧后盆地的玄武岩以及同属中亚造山带的新疆库尔提洋内弧后盆地蛇绿岩对比,发现贺根山玄武岩同Mariana玄武岩和库尔提蛇绿岩更加类似,由此认为贺根山蛇绿岩（套）很可能形成于洋内弧后盆地环境,而非大陆边缘弧后盆地环境。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带中西段早白垩世洋岛火山岩岩石学及地球化学特征

仲岗洋岛位于班公湖-怒江板块缝合带中西段,前人对仲岗洋岛的研究主要集中在东段,中段洞错一带尚未有人研究。对仲岗洋岛的岩石组合及岩石地球化学进行研究,并对洋岛火山岩的源区及构造环境进行分析。在仲岗洋岛中段洞错北部的一条剖面上采集了8个玄武岩和8个玄武安山岩地球化学样品,主量元素特征表明,二者皆为具有富Ti特征的碱性玄武岩,微量元素特征显示二者富集Nb、Ta元素。稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素蛛网图与典型洋岛玄武岩曲线相似。化学成分指示,仲岗洋岛玄武岩与玄武安山岩可能来自于同一岩浆源区,且二者来源于具有洋岛玄武岩特征的地幔,相容元素Cr、Ni的亏损表明,成岩过程中发生了橄榄石和辉石的分离结晶作用。洋岛形成于大洋板块内以洋壳为基底的洋岛环境。     

Study on the geochemical characteristics of arc-volcanic rocks in the Chiang Rai-Lampang belt of northern Thailand

On the basis of the petrographic characteristics, rock assemblages, petrochemistry, REEs, trace elements and geotectonic settings, the authors described the characteristics of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Late Permian-Early Triassic (P2-T1) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of the ocean-ridge/oceanic island basalts in the Chiang Mai belt. The volcanic rock assemblage is basaltic andesite-andesite-rhyolite. The volcanic series is dominated by the calc-alkaline series, with the tholeitic series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by high Al2O3; the REE distribution patterns are of the LREE-enrichment rightward incline type; the large cation elements are highly enriched, and the volcanic rocks are generally enriched in U and Th and depleted in Ti, Cr and P. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of island-arc volcanic rocks, in consistency with the projected points of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Lancangjiang belt. These continental mar-ginal arc-volcanic rocks, together with ocean-ridge/oceanic island-type volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai belt, con-stitute the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-arc magmatic rock belts distributed in pairs, indicative of eastward subduction of the oceanic crust in the Chiang Mai belt. This result is of great importance in exploring the evolution of the pa-leo-Tethys in the Chiang Mai belt.     

班- 怒带东段丁青蛇绿岩中镁铁质岩石年代学及构造背景

丁青蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带东段,分为东、西两个蛇绿岩体,丁青西蛇绿岩体缺乏基性岩年代学研究。对丁青西地质填图显示,蛇绿岩主要由方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩及辉长岩组成。其中玄武岩、辉长岩及辉绿岩出露在宗白区域,玄武岩和辉绿岩与下侏罗统沉积岩呈构造接触,辉长岩呈岩脉侵入到下侏罗统沉积岩中。岩石地球化学研究表明,玄武岩和辉长岩同属于碱性基性岩石,其中玄武岩具有典型洋岛玄武岩的稀土和微量元素特征,可能形成于与地幔柱有关的洋岛环境。在玄武质凝灰岩中挑选出的锆石测年,获得U-Pb年龄为198.7±3.8Ma,属早侏罗世。辉长岩的稀土和微量元素含量低于典型洋岛玄武岩,但其REE和微量元素具有OIB的特征,与典型OIB相比,辉长岩的HREE发生了一定程度富集。辉长岩锆石的U-Pb年龄为164.3±2.6Ma,认为辉长岩在形成过程中受到了软流圈地幔和岩石圈下部LVZ中富集熔体的共同作用,其形成于大陆边缘裂谷环境;辉绿岩成分属于拉斑系列岩石,其REE和微量元素曲线显示辉绿岩同时具有N-MORB和E-MORB的特征。辉绿岩锆石U-Pb年龄为114.2±1.3Ma,其形成晚于玄武岩。结合区域地质,认为辉绿岩形成于受地幔柱影响的弧后扩张脊环境。本研究提供了丁青西蛇绿岩新的年代学和岩石学证据,为探讨丁青蛇绿岩的形成和演化历史提供了新的证据。     

川西甘孜-理塘结合带洋岛型玄武岩地球化学、年代学特征及其地质意义

甘孜-理塘结合带作为三江特提斯造山带与松潘-甘孜造山带的重要组成部分,发育大量的洋岛-海山岩石组合,洋岛玄武岩的存在标志着洋盆已发育成熟的洋壳.木里地区的洋岛-海山岩石组合由"基性火山岩+碳酸盐岩"构成,对基性火山岩的地球化学特征分析表明：基性火山岩SiO₂含量为40.17%~49.19%,TiO₂含量1.77%~4.86%,Al₂O₃含量9.67%~15.39%,MgO含量3.85%~17.75%,全碱含量（K₂O+Na₂O）0.87%~6.33%,属碱性玄武岩系列.稀土总量∑REE值较高,为106.21×10^-6~378.83×10^-6,（La/Yb）_N比值为9.23~39.41,为轻稀土富集型,Eu、Ce无异常,配分模式为右倾型.微量元素表现出大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、K富集,而亏损高场强元素Nb、Zr.稀土元素及微量元素特征与标准洋岛型玄武岩相近,源区为软流圈地幔石榴石橄榄岩,且部分经历了岩浆结晶分异,形成于洋岛台地环境.玄武岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果为218.96~221.71 Ma,表明洋岛型玄武岩形成于晚三叠世中期.     

西藏隆巴俄桑地区玄武岩与安山玢岩的地球化学:对班公湖-怒江洋构造演化的启示

狮泉河-永珠-嘉黎蛇绿混杂岩带的构造属性及其与班公湖-怒江缝合带演化的关系,是了解班公湖-怒江洋中生代构造演化的关键.对隆巴俄桑地区的玄武岩和安山玢岩脉开展了岩石地球化学研究.结果表明,玄武岩属拉斑玄武岩系列,富集LREE和大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr、Pb等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,与岛弧拉斑玄武岩特征一致.安山玢岩脉属拉斑玄武岩系列,有向钙碱系列演化的趋势,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr、Pb、U等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,显示岛弧成因岩浆岩地球化学特征,低ΣREE（11.8×10-6~13.8×10-6）,（La/Yb）_N=0.37~0.43,亏损LREE,与N-MORB相似,具有岛弧岩浆岩（IAB）和正常洋中脊玄武岩（N-MORB）双重特征,与不成熟的弧后盆地玄武岩（BABB）特征一致.综合区域地质资料认为,隆巴俄桑玄武岩和安山玢岩形成的构造环境均与俯冲相关,可能分别形成于班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲消减相关的洋内或者活动大陆边缘的岛弧环境和不成熟的弧后盆地环境,是中侏罗至早白垩世期间班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲消减的再循环的产物.      

西准噶尔洋中海山及其俯冲带处地质效应

随着研究的不断深入,在中亚造山带(CAOB)不断有不同时代的洋岛玄武岩(OIB)被识别出来。在中亚造山带西南缘的西准噶尔地区的多条蛇绿混杂岩带中,也存在具有OIB特征的玄武岩。这些玄武岩呈枕状,与超基性岩、辉长岩、块状玄武岩、灰岩及紫红色硅质岩等紧密共生。地球化学研究表明枕状玄武岩均为碱性系列,具有较高的TiO2含量(大多>2.5%)、强烈富集轻稀土元素、无明显Nb、Ta负异常,与典型的OIB极为相似,认为其可能形成于大洋板内与地幔柱有关的海山环境。通过对海山的发展阶段分析认为,西准噶尔地区海山应该发展到爆炸海山阶段,因为其中发育大量的枕状熔岩。海山中火山岩或火山碎屑沉积物富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,海山的俯冲将对弧及弧后地区火山岩地球化学产生明显影响,而西准噶尔地区泥盆纪-石炭纪火山岩中恰恰存在海山的信号。因此,海山俯冲模式可能能更好地解释西准噶尔地区火山岩中存在OIB特征火山岩的成因。另外,海山俯冲还存在潜在的资源效应,因此应该寻找和研究古海山及火山岛链俯冲的迹象,将对进一步找金铜等矿提供可靠依据。     

西藏唐加地区石炭纪洋岛型岩石组合及其构造意义

西藏松多（超）高压变质带对认识古特提斯洋的演化具有十分重要的作用,然而目前关于该带代表的洋盆早期演化记录发现较少,制约了对松多古特提斯洋盆演化的理解. 对唐加地区的洋岛型岩石组合进行了野外地质特征、岩浆岩全岩地球化学和锆石U?Pb定年研究.唐加地区洋岛型岩石组合的野外地质特征具有典型的“二元结构”,下层为玄武岩基底,上层为灰岩（大理岩）盖层和塌积砾岩,在上部盖层中还可见变质玄武岩夹层和大理岩与绿片岩互层的现象,与“佛得角型”洋岛类似. 两件玄武岩和一件辉绿玢岩脉的锆石U?P定年结果分别为330 Ma、310 Ma和307 Ma,为早石炭世晚期-晚石炭世. 玄武岩和辉绿玢岩均具有较高的TiO₂、P₂O₅和（Na₂O+K₂O）含量,稀土元素和微量元素组成与OIB类似,显示明显的Nb、Ta富集,在判别图解中落在OIB和板内玄武岩区域,其岩浆源区可能为尖晶石-石榴子石二辉橄榄岩地幔,熔融深度较小.结合前人研究,初步认为松多古特提斯洋早石炭世晚期可能已经发育了初始洋盆,在早石炭世晚期到晚石炭世为慢/超慢速扩张,形成了具有“佛得角型”洋岛特征的唐加地区洋岛型岩石组合.      

Geochemical discrimination of the geotectonic environment of basaltic-andesitic volcanic rocks associated with the Laochang polymetallic ore deposit at Lancang, Yunnan

1 Introduction The Laochang polymetallic ore deposit at Lancang is located about 30 km northwest of Lancang County seat, Yunnan Province, it is an ancient ore deposit with a history of nearly 600 years of exploitation. Regionally, this deposit belongs t…     

昌宁—孟连缝合带乌木龙—铜厂街洋岛型火山岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义

详细的地球化学解析表明,乌木龙—铜厂街地区出露的蛇绿混杂岩主要包括方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩和碱性玄武岩。其中,方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩具有极低的CaO含量(<0.1%)、稀土总量(<5×10-6)和(La/Yb)N(0.96～1.14)值,(Ce/Yb)N为1.04～1.37,为轻稀土弱亏损型。本区碱性玄武岩具有高TiO2(2.57%～3.33%)、高K2O(2.29%～5.52%)的显著特征,(La/Yb)N为15.42～19.81,(Ce/Yb)N为12.48～14.76,为轻稀土强烈富集型;岩石Ti/V、Th/Ta、Th/Yb、Ti/Yb、Ta/Yb与来自亏损地幔的MORB以及与俯冲有关的岛弧火山岩明显不同,而主要显示为OIB型火山岩的微量元素地球化学特征,乃是典型的大洋板块内部岩浆作用的产物。该区洋岛型火山岩的厘定,表明昌宁—孟连古洋盆在石炭—二叠纪期间曾经历过一个由初始洋盆到成熟洋盆的完整发育演化过程。     

西藏东巧蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及其形成的构造环境

西藏东巧蛇绿岩主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长岩及玄武岩等组成。变质橄榄岩以富Mg、Fe、Cr,贫Ti、ΣREE为特征。辉长岩和玄武岩的主量元素、微量元素特征显示其具有扩张洋脊拉斑玄武岩的地球化学特征,其中高场强元素Nb、Ta、zr、Hf等亏损,大离子亲石元素Rb、sr、Ba等相对富集;在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图上为LREE亏损的平坦型,无负Eu异常,与洋中脊玄武岩的特征类似。根据其地球化学属性,推测该区蛇绿岩形成于大洋盆地扩张的构造环境。     

华北克拉通北缘尚义地区新太古代TTG成因分析:洋壳玄武岩不同深度下熔融的产物

尚义玄武岩为尚义-赤城新太古代洋壳残片的组成端元,地球化学性质指示其源于富集地幔。根据稀土元素分配特征,尚义玄武岩可被分为TH1型(稀土元素平坦型)和TH2型(稀土元素分异型)。尚义TTG属于中钾偏铝质钙碱性岩类,其Al2O3含量与低铝型TTG相近,同时微量元素Rb、Sr、Y和REE表现出俯冲板片熔融成因的埃达克岩的性质。根据主量元素SiO2、K2O、Na2O、Al2O3和微量元素Rb、Sr、Y、REE等指标判别和微量元素平衡熔融模式计算得出,尚义TTG形成压力遍及低压—高压范围,是洋壳玄武岩(TH1型)在深度压力变化的条件下部分熔融形成的,其中的低铝型TTG形成于低压熔融。