瞬变电磁法和激电法在岩层分层探测中的应用——以贵州都匀某锌矿已知剖面为例

瞬变电磁法及激电测深不仅在固态矿产勘察中发挥着重要的作用,而且在具备充分地球物理条件的地区及在地质填图等工作中同样具有重要作用.通过贵州某锌矿区的一条已知勘探剖面,选用瞬变电磁法和激电测深的组合,成功地对该剖面岩层进行了划分,从而说明了瞬变电磁法和激电测深不仅在找矿中发挥着不可替代的作用,而且在岩层划分方面也能取得较好的效果.     

三频激电法在中条山某己知勘探剖面的应用分析

通过对三频激电法在中条山某已知勘探剖面上应用成果的分析，说明了三频激电法多参数测量的优越性。并给出寻找相似类型矿体的方法。     

三频激电法在中条山某已知勘探剖面的应用分析

通过对三频激电法在中条山某已知勘探剖面上应用成果的分析，说明了三频激电法多参数测量的优越性，并给出了寻找相似类型矿体的方法。     

高密度电法测量系统作常规联合剖面的研究

研究了运用高密度电法观测系统作常规电法联合剖面的野外工作方法及数据整理过程，运用高密度电法观测系统，将高密度电法测量与常规联合剖面测量同时进行，有利于对异常体作分析解释。     

综合物探方法在刚果(金)马本德地区铜矿的应用研究

文章在研究刚果马本德地区矿床地质特征的基础上,在已知矿体上进行四种装置的激电法(中梯、偶极-偶极、联合剖面和对称四极测深装置)和高密度电阻率方法应用,通过已知矿体与物探异常的对照研究,总结了该区域含矿岩石和主要围岩的电性异常规律,集成了适用于已知矿床的物探技术方法组合。将该方法组合推广到周边矿区应用,且对物探异常进行钻孔验证,在高阻中高幅频率异常区分别见到了三处厚度不等的矿体,取得了较好的应用效果。     

激电法在巢湖市山里许矽卡岩型铜金矿靶区评价中的应用

为了在安徽省巢湖市山里许以西实现新的找矿突破,先后投入了双频激电扫面工作及大功率激电测深剖面工作.通过对取得的激电异常特征进行研究,推断了2处构造的分布;提取激电二次信息发现,激电电导率异常在研究区已知铜矿化部位有较好的反映,综合激电异常等特征,圈定了研究区以西2处成矿靶区;通过激电多参数与已知矿体综合分析,能有效地评...     

甘肃柳园地区典型矿床的多功能电法应用试验

多功能电法系统是近年来研发的具有我国自主知识产权的地球物理勘探系统,适用于金属矿、地下水、地热、油气藏等资源勘查和研究。选择甘肃柳园地区的花牛山热水沉积型铅锌矿区,开展了多功能电法的应用试验,验证新技术在此类矿床普查评价阶段的有效性。利用大功率激电剖面测量圈定激电异常,并结合已知地质资料进行了评价分析;在有激电异常的主要剖面部署了可控源音频大地电磁测深,获取了地下电性结构。应用结果表明,开展的大功率激电测量和可控源音频大地电磁测深反映出了与矿体有关的地球物理异常,试验应用成果可为同类型矿床的勘查起到示范作用。     

高密度电法在山东土堆-沙旺金矿的应用

山东土堆－沙旺金矿产于古元古界荆山群和新元古代牧牛山二长花岗岩体与中生代脉岩中。矿体与围岩的界线一般根据黄铁矿化的强弱以及硅化、绿泥石化等蚀变程度和岩石破碎程度来区分。通过对矿体、围岩和各种脉岩极化率和电阻率参数的测定，矿体的极化率一般大于7％，围岩一般小于7％，而矿体与围岩的电阻率没有明显差异。在已知金矿体和未知区做了3条高密度电法剖面。结果表明：充电率参数特征能够指示矿体空间位置；电阻率参数特征与矿体在空间上有相关关系。     

综合电法在安徽某铜矿勘查中的应用

查区内广泛出露地层有震旦系和奥陶系地层,岩性以灰岩、泥岩为主;第四系分布在区内低洼地带,由亚黏土、黏土夹铁锰结核构成。区内含矿地层与围岩存在明显的电性差异,对于开展电法工作较为有利。在查区开展了激电中梯扫面、联合剖面、激电测深等多种综合电法方法,结合查区地质特点,圈定一个成矿靶区,推测异常体埋深,提出验证孔一个。经钻孔验证见矿情况较好,证明了综合电法在该区找矿的有效性。     

浅谈电法在福建安溪铅山矿区的找矿效果

安溪县铅山铅锌矿区地质普查阶段开展了物探工作（激电中梯剖面、激电测深）,发现了激电异常,结合矿区成矿地质条件,推断异常是由隐伏铅锌矿（化）引起,提出了进一步工作的建议,经钻探验证得以证实。该区激电异常是一个深部找矿的有效标志,电法工作为该普查区顺利转入详查阶段起了一定作用。     

综合物探方法寻找深部隐伏铀矿床的研究

氡气测量和土壤天然热释光法(TL)是铀矿找矿勘探中寻找深部隐伏铀矿体的二种地球物理方法。以往的经验表明，如用其中一种方法常有多解性问题。将这二种方法应用于下庄扩大330矿床的研究工作中，共测量了28条剖面，其中三条已知剖面，25条未知剖面，并对一些未知剖面进行了验证。研究结果表明，单一的氧气异常反应了构造在地表的出路位置，而两种方法的重叠异常较准确地反应了深部铀矿体的位置。由于这种综合方法成本较低，找矿效果较好，所以在寻找深部隐伏铀矿床、扩大铀矿床范围的工作中是值得借鉴的方法。     

Late Wisconsin ice-surface profile calculated from esker paths and types,Katahdin esker system,maine

Values of the gradient of the former ice surface can be inferred at points along a flow line from deviations of esker paths or transitions in esker type and numerically integrated to give the profile. A profile calculated in this way shows that during formation of the Katahdin esker system about 12,700 yr ago the ice thickness at distances of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 140 km from the terminus, which is about two thirds of the distance to the ice divide, was approximately 200, 300, 600, 750, and 900 m. The terminal reach was computed by assuming an unknown uniform basal drag and matching the profile to its known elevation at the terminus and known gradient 10 km upglacier. Correction for isostatic rebound based on the elevations of contemporaneous deltas and of the marine limit proved unnecessary, because the tilt due to the difference in uplift at the two ends of the profile is only 0.1 m km^?1. With other plausible assumptions as to sea levels in the past, elevations of the marine limit, or exact location of the terminus the profile could be as much as roughly 100 m higher. It hits Mount Katahdin about 500 m below its summit, which is at 1600 m, in agreement with the geological evidence farther west. The steepening of the upper part of the profile suggests that the mountain dammed and diverted the ice. Basal drag computed from the profile varies from about 20 kPa (0.2 bar) near the terminus to 30 kPa (0.3 bar) at 100 km to 70 kPa (0.7 bar) at 140 km. The relatively low values away from the influence of Mount Katahdin agree with independent evidence from deep-sea cores of substantial late Wisconsin ice-sheet thinning without comparable areal reduction. The method has potential for application over wide areas that were occupied by the Laurentide and Scandinavian ice sheets.     

Chronology of the Last Glacial Maximum in the Salzach palaeoglacier area (Eastern Alps)

A chronostratigraphy based on luminescence data was established at a key loess profile (Duttendorf) in the northern alpine foreland of Austria. The data help to constrain the timing and duration of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the area of one of the largest east Alpine piedmont glaciers, the Salzach palaeoglacier. Climate deterioration and maximum advance of this glacier were coeval with the beginning of the main loess accumulation phase in the glacier forefield at ～29–30 ka. A late LGM‐outwash gravel layer deposited on top of the loess profile marks the end of the LGM glacier activity at ～20 ka. The geomorphological setting around the loess profile provides evidence of a major glacier oscillation during the course of the LGM, a phenomenon qualitatively known from other alpine palaeoglaciers but never interpreted in terms of palaeoclimate. A LGM glacier oscillation similar to that of the Salzach palaeoglacier was reported recently from the south Alpine Tagliamento palaeoglacier, suggesting a common forcing. The onset of loess deposition at Duttendorf and the tentatively contemporal advance of the Salzach palaeoglacier reflect, as do other data, the drastic cooling in Europe as a result of Heinrich event 3. The first glacier maximum is not well constrained in the study area but a correlation with the better dated Tagliamento amphitheatre suggests a possible response to Heinrich 2. The second re‐advance occurred synchronously (within dating uncertainties) in both palaeoglaciers forefields (at ～21 ka) but the forcing mechanism remains unknown. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

瞬变电磁法在浑江盆地松树煤矿外围的应用

浑江煤田松树煤矿外围找煤项目主要是扩大煤炭储量,该区山高林密,地表条件差,地质构造复杂,侵入体多,形成高阻电性层。通过地面地质工作了解岩性变化规律,应用瞬变电磁法,工作便捷、观测精度高、不受高阻屏蔽。用其基础理论,进行数据处理。利用钻井电性地质资料对比,从已知到未知进行连续剖面解释,从定性、定量解释,确定火山岩的分布范围,划分煤系地层区段,提供建议孔位,从而完成地质任务,为后期工作提供物理信息。     

Geological structure revelation based on geochemical anomalies: A case study in Huiyuan Temple area of Sichuan Province

In order to probe the characters of tectonic structures in the study area, the authors conducted the 1:50 000 regional geochemical profile scan and took Huiyuan Temple area in Daofu County of Sichuan Province as a case study. The anomaly distribution and background value characters of the typical elements were compared with the known inferred faults, hidden rocks and geological boundaries. The results show that element (or anomaly) distribution characters correspond to the characters of fault activities, rocks and strata, which have been largely affected by the known geological structure (Xianshuihe Fault Zone). The formation and change of geochemical anomaly is closely related to those tectonic structures during the metallogenic period. Therefore, these data could be used to invert and infer the tectonic activity charaters. Based on the known faults and combined with the geochemical data and geological observation, the authors preliminarily inferred the spatial distribution of geological bodies and the locations of tectonic boundaries, and identified six inferred faults. This research aims to infer about those unknown regions and concealed geological structures, which provides some reference for future geological prospecting.     

基于地球化学异常特征揭示地质构造——以四川惠远寺地区为例

为查明研究区地质构造活动特征,以四川道孚县惠远寺地区为研究对象,开展了1:5万区域地球化学扫面工作,将典型元素的异常分布和背景值特征与区内已知断裂构造、出露岩体、地质界线等进行对比研究。结果表明: 元素(或异常)分布特征与断裂活动、岩体和地层分布相匹配,表现出受已知地质构造(鲜水河断裂带)的影响很大; 地球化学异常的形成和迁移与成矿期的构造作用密切相关,相关资料可用于反演推断地质构造活动特征; 在已知断裂的基础上,结合化探资料和地质观察,对地质体空间分布和构造界限的位置做出推测,初步厘定区内存在推测断层6条。该研究对未知地区和隐伏性地质构造提出推断,为后续找矿勘探提供依据。     

直-增-稳剖面设计问题的解析解

使用无量纲化方法对设计方程组进行了改写,新的无量纲化设计方程组有利于充分利用三角函数公式求解析解,所得到的解析解计算公式具有简洁的数学形式。将设计方程组求解问题分成两类,对于已知最大井斜角的第Ⅰ类问题,使用线性代数解方程组的克莱默法则直接就可以得出解析解。最大井斜角为未知数的第Ⅱ类问题,使用三角函数公式进行化简,得到形式简单、统一的解析解公式,避免了使用半角公式所带来的解析解计算公式的复杂性。所使用无量纲化方法具有一定的普适性,可以用于解决其他类型的二维剖面设计问题。     

The Grey System and prediction of geological and mineral resources

The Grey System is a method for making quantitative predictions using the similarity between a parent sequence and a set of subsequences. It has previously been used for non-geological problems, but here we demonstrate its use in ore prediction. Our example is from our work on known Cu deposits distributed in the Panzihua-Xichang region of Sichuan Province to set up a Grey prediction model for an unknown deposit in a similar type of environment. The following steps were carried out: (1) a sift selection was first made by logical information processing of the initial data from the known deposits, (2) data on seven deposits belonging to the same general rock type were obtained, and (3) a Grey prediction model was set up and used to make predictions about an unknown deposit in the same type of environment.     

地电化学集成技术在内蒙古格鲁其堆山矿区及外围寻找隐伏铅锌矿的应用

为解决格鲁其堆山外围区找矿问题,笔者本着“由已知向未知”的研究思路,在格鲁其堆山矿区开展地电化学集成技术找矿应用。选取矿区内已知剖面进行试验研究,结果显示:在已知矿体上方均显示出了明显的Cu、Pb、Zn等元素异常,验证地电化学集成技术在该地区寻找隐伏铅锌矿产是可行的。再在矿区的西南部未知区内开展隐伏矿预测研究,运用因子分析得出矿区最佳找矿元素组合,结合单元素异常图和成矿地质条件,在研究区内圈定1个Ⅰ类靶区,1个Ⅱ类靶区,1个Ⅲ类靶区。     

大位移井悬链线剖面设计的数值计算

悬链线剖面是大位移井轨道的经典类型,在进行设计时需要求解一个以悬链线初始井斜角为未知数的非线性方程。由于未知数包含在多个三角函数和对数函数中,计算工作量较大,而且常用的迭代求解方法存在一些问题。通过数学变换将该方程转换成一个只包含对数函数和多项式函数的新方程,对新方程的函数性态做了几何分析,进而提出了寻找求解区间的步长搜索算法和自适应步长搜索算法。利用二分法在求解区间上能够快速求出新方程的数值解。利用大位移井设计实例验证了本文算法的有效性,并对圆弧井段井眼曲率与方程解的关系进行了讨论。本文提出的算法可用于大位移井轨道设计的计算机软件开发中。