金矿床地球化学异常模式研究的新进展

论述了近十年来金矿床地球化学异常模式研究的新进展，９０年代以前研究和建立了石英脉和蚀变岩型金矿地球化学异常模式，９０年代以来，研究和建立了中国主要类型金矿床地球化学导航异常模式，热液金矿床和原生叠加晕理想模式，金矿床包裹体气晕，离子晕及其叠加晕理想模式。     

论深源流体参与黔西南金矿床成矿的可能性

通过研究黔西南金矿床时空分布及地球化学特征，讨论了深源流体参与金矿床成矿的可能性。金矿床在时空上受莫面隆起，深大断裂，幔源岩浆岩体的控制，且与航磁异常，重力异常，环形构造等存在对应关系。     

陕南某微细浸染型金矿床地球化学异常模型模式

陕南某微细浸染型金矿床是从发现金矿田水系沉积物异常始，经运用地质，地球化学综合方法对异常反复跳勘检查的关键环节到系统开展大比例尺化探详查的找矿程序，找到的一处有望成特大型的金矿床。     

吉林省海沟金矿床的地球化学异常模式

在总结海沟金矿床区域水系沉积物、矿区水系沉积物及矿体的岩石、土壤地球化学异常特征的基础上,建立了海沟金矿床的地球化学异常模式,并依据该模式对区域47个异常进行了研究对比,预测出一处寻找海沟式金矿床的有望异常。     

赣东北金矿矿源岩的区域岩石密度特征及找矿方向

对研究区内金矿岩双桥山群的4336件岩石密度数据的统计分布、空间制图分析。得到岩石密度参数的地质制图，发现双桥山群岩石密度为偏态分布，推测岩石密度的增高可能是变质作用或成矿作用增强的反映，区内主要岩金矿床均分布在密度高异常区内，因此认为高密度异常区或重力正异常区，是区内岩金矿床的找矿远景区。     

金矿勘查中的包裹体研究

矿物包裹体参数能帮助解释金矿床成因,也能指导金矿床勘查。它可以提供比原生异常和次生异常强得多的找矿信息。我国主要金矿床类型都适宜于开展包裹体找矿研究,建议地质大队一级购置裂仪,在金矿床的不同勘查阶段。可选择相应的包裹体研究方法。为寻找金矿床提供新的信息。     

陕南某微细浸染型金矿床地球化学异常模式

陕南某微细浸染型金矿床是从发现金矿田（床）水系沉积物异常始，经运用地质、地球化学综合方法对异常反复踏勘检查的关键环节到系统开展大比例尺化探详查的找矿程序，找到的一处有望成特大型的金矿床。在研究本区地质、科研成果基础上，系统总结地球化学特征，探讨了地球化学异常模式和找矿标志，对１／１万土壤（岩石）测量的乙类异常进行了综合评序取得良好的找矿效果。     

金矿物的性状及其次生作用与地质找矿意义

原生矿床中金的主要性状有自然金与金的碲化物，自然金可分为“明金”和“微细粒金”，“明金”的次生作用，使金的成色得到提高，粒度更大，往往有利于残坡积型砂金矿床的形成，“微细粒金”的次生作用，常形成卡林型氧化金矿或红土型金矿和铁帽型金矿，显然，以“明金”为主的矿床及金的重砂异常区，不存在找红土型金矿的可能，应寻找脉金矿床，而在有低值金的重砂异常叠加的化探Au异常区，有望找到中小型红土型金矿床。     

化探找金几个阶段中的方法探讨

目前，化探找金逐步被人们重视，在地质找矿中的效果也逐渐明显，成为寻找各种类型金矿床比较快速、经济、有效的重要手段．在区域普查中，通过查明区域地球化学异常，可迅速指出找矿远景区；在详查及勘探阶段，通过岩石地球化学异常的研究，可直接发现金矿床或矿体，更好地发挥化探在地质找矿工作中的作用。     

燕山期构造－热事件演化与小秦岭金矿床的形成

本文以小秦岭金矿床的基本地质特征为基础，分析了燕山期构造－热事件的演化规律及其与花岗岩、韧性剪切带和金矿床的关系．认为花岗岩是构造－热事件高峰期地壳深部物质部分熔融的产物，区域性热异常的出现则导致地壳浅部形成了韧性剪切带．构造－热事件晚期，随着热异常的衰减，剪切带的变形性质发生转化并有序叠加，金矿床便是在这一变形性质转化与叠加过程中，在成矿流体演化的晚期形成的．花岗岩侵位在局部造成横向上显著的物理化学梯度，是大量金矿床在其周围呈规律性展市的主要原因．     

An integrated ore prospecting model for the Nyasirori gold deposit in Tanzania

The Nyasirori gold deposit, located in the middle-western end of the Musoma-Mara Archean greenstone belt in Tanzania, is a tectonic altered rock type gold deposit controlled by shear tectonic zone. This work conducted high-precision ground magnetic measurements to delineate fault structures and favorable prospecting targets, utilized induced polarization (IP) intermediate gradient to roughly determine the distribution and extension of the tectonic altered zone and gold ore (mineralized) bodies, and further carried out IP sounding and magnetotelluric sounding to locate the tectonic altered zone and gold ore (mineralized) bodies. The anomalous gradient belt of the combination of positive and negative micromagnetic measurements reflects the detail of shallow surface tectonic alteration zone and gold mineralization body. Micromagnetic profile anomalies indicate the spatial location and occurrence of concealed tectonic alteration zone and gold (mineralized) ore bodies. Soil geochemical measurements indicate that the ore-forming element Au correlates well with As and Sb, and As and Sb anomalies have a good indication to gold orebodies. Based on the multi-source geological-geophysical-geochemical information of the Nyasirori gold deposit, this work established an integrated prospecting model and proposed a set of geophysical and geochemical methods for optimizing prospecting targets.     

阿尔泰中高山区域化探金异常成因探讨

以异常查证和矿床成因研究成果为基础，在异常集／构造带的层次上分析了阿尔泰中高山区金异常的成因，认为异常主要由砂金引起，砂金来源于古风化壳－即古近纪以前的红土型金矿，终极来源可能为以含金石英脉为代表的分散矿化。据此分析，北阿尔泰带的岩金勘查前景应审慎评估，例外的是诺尔特亚带。在此基础上，提出了砂金成因异常的地球化学判别标志，并对冰缘区若干地球化学勘查问题进行了讨论。     

贵州省兴仁县紫木凼金矿床地球化学勘查模型

系统研究了紫木凼金矿床不同比例尺勘查结果的地质、地球化学资料，建立了紫木凼金矿床的区域(1：20万)、矿田(1:5万)和矿床(1：1万)3种尺度的地球化学勘查模型。对1：20万区域化探异常评价具有一定的借鉴意义。     

化探在陕西八卦庙金矿勘查中的作用

八卦庙金矿是目前陕西省已探明资源储量及规模最大的金矿床.化探异常在八卦庙金矿的发现和初期勘查中起到了至关重要的作用,尤其是在金矿的发现中提供了重要线索.通过分析八卦庙金矿勘查工作中的化探异常特点及作用,旨在为应用化探异常指导找矿工作提供参考作用.     

五龙沟金矿区域地球化学异常特征及找矿标志

本文以地质及区域地球化学资料为基础，通过对五龙沟金矿区域地质—地球化学异常特征和找矿标志的研究；建立了该矿床的区域地球化学异常模型及找矿标志。对已取得的大量1：20万区域化探异常的筛选和评价，以及进一步提高金矿化探普查效果，均具有一定的积极意义。     

内蒙古双尖子山银多金属矿床区域地球化学特征

内蒙古双尖子山银多金属矿床是中国乃至亚洲规模最大的银多金属矿床,本研究在回顾矿床发现史的基础上对双尖子山矿床区域地球化学数据进行再分析。采用19级累积频率法制作研究区39种元素或氧化物的地球化学图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区范围内出现明显高值的有MgO、CaO、Fe₂O₃、Pb、Zn、Ag、V、Cr、Ni等多达22种氧化物或元素,其中主量成分的明显富集特征应受控于研究区的岩性分布情况。采用变值七级异常法制作研究区29种微量元素的地球化学异常图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区及其附近存在W、Sn、Mo、Bi、Pb、Zn、Ag、As、Sb计9种热液成矿元素的异常区,而其他微量元素在双尖子山矿区的明显富集情况可能是由双尖子山矿区及其附近母岩岩性及其风化作用所致。基于地球化学基因技术制作了研究区金矿化基因和钨矿化基因的矿化相似度地球化学图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区及其附近存在金矿化相似度和钨矿化相似度的异常区,表明矿化相似度可以作为该区金属矿产勘查的一种有效指标,认为区域化探工作在该区金属矿产勘查中具有很好的参考价值。     

The effect of scale on the interpretation of geochemical anomalies

The purpose of geochemical surveys changes with scale. Regional surveys identify areas where mineral deposits are most likely to occur, whereas intermediate surveys identify and prioritize specific targets. At detailed scales specific deposit models may be applied and deposits delineated.The interpretation of regional geochemical surveys must take into account scale-dependent difference in the nature and objectives of this type of survey. Overinterpretation of regional data should be resisted, as should recommendations to restrict intermediate or detailed follow-up surveys to the search for specific deposit types or to a too limited suite of elements. Regional surveys identify metallogenic provinces within which a variety of deposit types and metals are most likely to be found. At intermediate scale, these regional provinces often dissipate into discrete clusters of anomalous areas. At detailed scale, individual anomalous areas reflect local conditions of mineralization and may seem unrelated to each other. Four examples from arid environments illustrate the dramatic change in patterns of anomalies between regional and more detailed surveys.On the Arabian Shield, a broad regional anomaly reflects the distribution of highly differentiated anorogenic granites. A particularly prominent part of the regional anomaly includes, in addition to the usual elements related to the granites, the assemblage of Mo, W and Sn. Initial interpretation suggested potential for granite-related, stockwork Mo deposits. Detailed work identified three separate sources for the anomaly: a metal-rich granite, a silicified and stockwork-veined area with scheelite and molybdenite, and scheelite/powellite concentrations in skarn deposits adjacent to a ring-dike complex.Regional geochemical, geophysical and remote-sensing data in the Sonoran Desert, Mexico, define a series of linear features interpreted to reflect fundamental, northeast-trending fractures in the crust that served as the prime conduits for mineralizing fluids. At a larger scale, the linear, northeast-trending anomalies can be shown to result from a series of discrete mineralized systems with different ages and mineral assemblages. The linear pattern of anomalies disintegrates.A regional geochemical survey in the Sonoran Desert in southwestern Arizona displays a cluster of samples anomalous in Pb, Mo, Bi and W. In detail, the original regional anomaly separates into four discrete anomalous areas, each with its own distinctive suite of elements, geographic distribution and age of mineralization.A prominent regional gold anomaly in the Gobi Desert, Xinjiang, Peoples Republic of China, extends southeastward for 30 km from known lode gold deposits. Because the anomaly cuts both lithologic units and the structural grain, and because it parallels the prevailing direction of high-velocity winds, it was originally attributed to eolian dispersion. In detail, the regional anomaly consists of several east-west-trending anomalies, parallel to local lithology and structure that most likely reflect independent sources of lode gold. The regional anomaly results from smoothing of an en-echelon set of local anomalies.These examples emphasize that interpretation of regional anomalies must be tempered to consider regional-sized geologic features. Attempts to overinterpret anomalies by assigning deposit-scale attributes to regional anomalies can lead to confusion and incorrect interpretations. Potential targets that can be readily resolved only at intermediate or detailed scales of study may be overlooked.     

Nanoscale metals in Earthgas and mobile forms of metals in overburden in wide-spaced regional exploration for giant deposits in overburden terrains

This paper describes the use of NAnoscale Metals in EarthGas (NAMEG) and MObile forms of MEtals in Overburden (MOMEO) methods in regional scale geochemical exploration for giant deposits in terrains covered by overburden. These methods are based on the premise that gases generated from the earth's interior can not only transport mobile forms of elements from an ore deposit and its geochemical halos to the surface to form a local anomaly, but also transport them from distinct bedrock “geochemical blocks” hosting large and giant ore deposits and give rise to large regional geochemical anomalies and geochemical provinces at the surface.Regional NAMEG and MOMEO surveys for giant gold deposits were carried out in Shandong Province, where the largest gold deposits in China are found, and in the Muruntau region of the Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, one of the world's largest gold ore provinces.In Shandong Province, where most of the area is covered by complex overburden, large regional anomalies in earthgas and water-extractable Au were delineated over and around the giant gold deposits. For many trace elements, the anomalies are larger in area and have greater contrast than those from other methods. High concentration of water soluble Au extends into the southern area covered by transported overburden, suggesting that this region may have potential for the discovery of new concealed gold deposits. The anomalous provinces of Au in both earthgas and water soluble salts coincide with a deep fault, supporting the idea that the deep fault is the main conduit of Au from the interior.In the central Kyzylkum Desert, nearly all Au-hosting rocks are covered by sedimentary sequences overlain by desert sand. Gold and As anomalies over Muruntau and Kokpatas gold deposits have contrasts ranging from 2 to 400 times background. Strong anomalies were also discovered in the south of the Muruntau region, suggesting a promising area for the discovery of new giant gold deposits.     

江西银锋尖火山岩型金矿床地球化学勘查模式

论述了江西银峰尖金矿床地球化学异常、异常与蚀变矿化的关系、异常模式,有代表性的矿床地球化学特征可作为寻找银峰尖式金矿床的地球化学勘查标志。