浅谈建筑竣工测量面积计算自动化

建设工程竣工测量面积直接影响城市规划管理部门的行政决策和建设单位的经济效益,所以竣工面积计算的准确性很重要.文章对房屋竣工测量过程中有关房屋建筑面积计算问题进行了探讨,提出了实际工作中的解决方法及建议.     

不动产测量中的环玦状房地产面积计算方法

在不动产登记测量中,有时会碰到一些特殊图形的面积计算问题。从实例出发,推导出计算环玦形地块面积的通用公式,并对所推导公式进行全面的分析、讨论,得出有关环玦形地块面积计算的各项结论。所推导的公式适用于其他任何环玦状房地产的面积计算,具有普遍的实际意义。     

房产测量若干问题的解决方案

房产测量外业数据采集及面积计算是影响房产测量精度的重要因素,就实际工作中在这两个方面容易出现的问题提出了相应的解决方法。     

房产测量规范在各地方实际应用中的差异

目前,全国许多地方的房产测绘工作在执行《房产测量规范》GB/T 17986.1-2000基础上,还额外执行地方发布的房屋建筑面积测绘计算规范,本文通过研究和分析房产测量规范和北京、上海、广州、深圳四个城市制定的房屋建筑面积计算方法,发现上述地方在执行房产测量规范中存在较大差异。     

激光雷达扫描在农村宅基地面积测量中的应用

农村宅基地面积测量工作一直存在难度大、时期长、效率慢等问题。鉴于此,首先利用激光雷达扫描技术采集农村宅基地目标点云数据,并对点云数据进行滤波去噪和配准,提取点云数据特征,识别宅基地目标,划分界址点;然后结合界址点和网格面积、数量,计算农村宅基地面积。结果表明,根据农村宅基地面积精度要求,计算得到的农村宅基地面积限差和中误差均在要求范围内,说明激光雷达扫描技术在农村宅基地面积测量中具有很好的应用效果。     

建设工程竣工规划验收测量面积计算与分摊

建设工程竣工规划验收测量,是建设工程规划验收的必备工作,是通过测绘验收建筑物周边的1∶500数字化竣工地形图、测量规划验收要素、现场核对建设工程竣工图等工作,制作《建设工程规划验收测量记录册》,为建设工程规划验收管理工作提供客观、准确的资料,作为依法管理的技术依据。本文对房屋竣工规划验收测量过程中有关房屋建筑面积计算与房屋面积分摊的细节问题进行了探讨,并提出了实际工作中的解决方法及一些建议。     

道路测量中面积计算的一种简单方法

一、概述道路工程建设中,首先是道路征地测量,征地测量的面积计算通常是采用行列式计算面积,即先求出多边形各拐点坐标,然后应用下式计算：Ｓ＝ｘ１ｙ１ｘ２ｙ２····ｘｉｙｉｘｌｙｌ用此公式计算较为繁杂,尤其是计算缓和曲线的直角坐标。实践中,城市道路尤其是...     

关于土地开发项目的竣工测量

土地开发项目的竣工测量,是工程竣工验收中的重要手段,为竣工验收提供基础的数据支撑,与一般的地形图测绘有着很大的区别。笔者根据浙江省国土资源厅关于土地开发垦造耕地的有关文件精神,并结合几年来的外业实践,从前期准备、竣工地形图测绘、配套设施测量、质量元素调查、面积计算、资料整理等六个方面对土地开发项目的竣工测量的实施情况进行了简要阐述。     

全站仪水域面积测量及其精度分析

水域面积测量的特殊性,决定了采用传统的面积测量方法很难实时地得到水域的覆盖面积。全站仪提供的面积测量功能很好地弥补了这个缺憾并能够提供较高的成果精度。阐述了全站仪面积测量的原理与方法,对全站仪水域面积测量中误差的计算公式进行了讨论,并分析了水域面积的测量精度,得出了几点有益的结论。     

全站仪面积测量及其精度分析

介绍全站仪面积测量的基本方法和测量原理，并对其精度进行分析，得出一些有益的结论。     

跟踪测量中的GNSS

摘要：地面运动物体、航空与航天飞行器的跟踪量中，GNSS被广泛用于运动轨道的实时跟踪、定位，行两运动体的防撞、对接，地面测控网站的定位及统一时等方面。动态测量的关键技术主要包括：快速捕获解算，零相位天线技术，RAIM技术，超冗余组合接收术，载波相位共同跟踪技术，分集合成抗多径干扰技等。     

Aerial survey for archaeology

Aerial photography for archaeology has been developing its approaches and techniques over the past 100 years so that it now integrates the results of reconnaissance with extensive interpretative and analytical surveys. This paper introduces the philosophy and approach of the English Heritage (EH) Aerial Survey team, covering aerial reconnaissance and the National Mapping Programme (NMP), as well as the potential developments and opportunities in Europe. In the 1980s there was a debate over the nature of the evidence derived from aerial photographs, especially how to describe archaeological features. As part of NMP a classification and recording system has been devised which meets most of the users' needs, be they national organisations, county archaeologists, commercial contractors or university-based researchers. The maps and records produced by NMP are used to further our understanding of the past human settlement in England, not only at the individual site level, but also in regional or landscape contexts. This paper provides an overview of the current progress of NMP and acts as an entrée for explaining the current research and recording of archaeological landscapes throughout Europe. Recent developments in Britain and Europe have provided the opportunity for a greater priority to be given to aerial survey and accelerating programmes of mapping. In Europe the ending of the cold war has allowed greater access to aerial photographs and the possibility of beginning new reconnaissance, as well as introducing new forms of remote sensing. All these developments have led to a transformation of our understanding of prehistoric, Roman and medieval archaeology.     

A mixed observational survey method

For several years, geodesists have debated the proper role of electronic distances in modern geodetic surveys. The role must be defined on an individual basis as a function of the desired accuracy and ultimate purpose of the survey. This paper proposes a mixed mode of observations for the types of surveys currently being observed following conventional first-order triangulation techniques. The mixed observational procedure requires only a portion of the survey control stations be instrument-occupied, and directions and electro-optical distances be observed to the remainder of the stations. The method allows the substitution of truck-or trailer-mounted portable towers, equipped with targets and reflectors, for a portion of the Bilby towers which are presently required to provide theodolite observations from all primary control stations in a conventional triangulation network. For the example considered, the mixed observational method provided more accurate position determinations than were obtained using conventional triangulation. Biographical Sketch Gary M. Young received his B.S. degree in Mathematics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1965. In the same year he joined the Triangulation Branch, Geodesy Division, National Ocean Survey (NOS), formerly the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, where he analyzed and adjusted horizontal control data. Mr Young received his M.S. degree in Geodesy from Purdue University in 1970, and after completing further studies returned to the NOS in 1971. He is presently Chief, New Datum Section, Control Networks Division, National Geodetic Survey, NOS. He is a member of ACSM and AGU.     

RTK测量的方法与精度试验

由于RTK—实时动态测量具有实时、高效的特点,在许多领域都得到了广泛的应用;但在测量成果的精度和可靠性方面,从其诞生之日起就充满了争议。本文结合生产实例和近年来的研究成果,对目前采用的RTK测量的主要过程进行了剖析;并通过对几种测量方法比较,总结可提高RTK测量精度的几点结论,最后提出了质量控制方面的一些建议。     

A survey on vision-based UAV navigation

Abstract

Research on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has been increasingly popular in the past decades, and UAVs have been widely used in industrial inspection, remote sensing for mapping & surveying, rescuing, and so on. Nevertheless, the limited autonomous navigation capability severely hampers the application of UAVs in complex environments, such as GPS-denied areas. Previously, researchers mainly focused on the use of laser or radar sensors for UAV navigation. With the rapid development of computer vision, vision-based methods, which utilize cheaper and more flexible visual sensors, have shown great advantages in the field of UAV navigation. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive literature review of the vision-based methods for UAV navigation. Specifically on visual localization and mapping, obstacle avoidance and path planning, which compose the essential parts of visual navigation. Furthermore, throughout this article, we will have an insight into the prospect of the UAV navigation and the challenges to be faced.