冀西石湖金矿成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

石湖金矿101、116矿脉深部延伸稳定,品位有所提高,产状变化不大,南于深部探矿进展较好,而使其成为太行山中段大型金矿.石湖金矿的矿脉明显受断裂构造控制,总体属岩浆期后热液石英脉-断裂构造蚀变岩型矿床.本文采用幔枝构造新视角开展研究,通过对地质背景研究及铅、硫、硅、碳、氢、氧同位素的分析表明:石湖金矿成矿物质主要来源于地球深部,成矿溶液主要为岩浆水,混有部分大气水.进而探讨了其成矿作用,建立了成矿模式,提出了具体找矿建议.     

冀东峪耳崖金矿成矿物质来源探讨

通过对峪耳崖金矿硫、铅、氢、氧、碳、稀有气体同位素、包裹体研究以及与区域对比分析,对金、银成矿物质来源进行探讨.认为峪耳崖矿区成矿物质应主要来自地核,受深部过程的约束,成矿物质随地幔热柱多级演化向地表迁移, 在其上升过程中,与壳源物质发生部分混染,使所测同位素数据往往表现出以深源为主、并混有少量壳源物质的特征.     

小秦岭金矿床成矿作用及成矿物质来源

根据小秦岭地区太华群花岗-绿岩地体的形成和演化,通过太华群主要地层及岩浆岩常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素组成特征分析,对金的演化和成矿地球化学、物理化学进行分析探讨。认为本区太华群是金的矿源层,与金矿空间关系密切的燕山期文峪花岗岩体是太华群及其以下壳幔物质重熔形成的,它控制本区金异常及金矿的分布,但是岩体仅作为驱动金富集成矿的热动力,而没有提供主要的成矿物质来源。小秦岭金矿床为热液型矿床,成矿热液以岩浆水为主,混合天水成矿。成矿热液属于弱酸-弱碱性,成矿温度为中偏高温。     

内蒙古林西大井铜锡多金属矿区构造与成矿

内蒙古林西大井铜锡多金属矿区的矿床类型很特殊，其特点是脉薄而密集，且多金属复杂共生，具有较高的研究价值。通过对矿区的构造特征和矿床特征的分析，论述了构造的形成机制，进而探讨构造与成矿的关系，认为构造在成矿过程中起着重要的作用。     

河北省涞源县木吉村铜(钼)多金属矿田成矿物质来源探讨

木吉村铜(钼)矿田位于太行山脉中、北段阜平幔枝构造的北东倾伏端,涞源哑铃状杂岩体连接处西侧上盘拆离带的次级断陷盆地中,主要由斑岩型铜(钼)矿、矽卡岩型铁铜矿和外围热液脉型铅锌矿构成,是河北省目前探明的唯一大型铜(钼)多金属矿田,找矿远景巨大。鉴于矿床成矿物质来源在研究矿床成因和指导找矿中的重要作用,对木吉村矿田主要矿床矿石中黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、辉钼矿、磁铁矿、石英和石膏等单矿物进行了硫、铅、碳、氢、氧、硅、铼等同位素测定、对比和分析。结果表明:矿田中硫同位素主值域δ34S=-3.5‰~3.2‰,主平均值为0.3‰;铅同位素206 Pb/204 Pb=15.566 0~17.072 0,平均为16.547 0,207Pb/204Pb=15.031 0~15.523 0,平均为15.258 0,208 Pb/204 Pb=36.292 0~37.375 0,平均为36.721 0;碳同位素δ13 C为-2.94‰~-2.18‰,平均为-2.62‰;硅同位素δ30 SiNBS-28值域为-0.3‰~0.2‰,平均0.0‰;辉钼矿w(Re)为(23.65~266.50)×10-6,平均值为142.33×10-6;δ18 OH2O值为-10.64‰~7.70‰,极差为18.34‰,平均值为-1.47‰,较标准岩浆水值稍低,δD值为-148.4‰~-89.0‰,极差为59.4‰,平均值为-113.7‰,略低于岩浆岩δD值域。从而认为,木吉村矿田成矿物质主要来源于地球深部,成矿溶液以岩浆水为主,部分来自大气降水。     

安徽铜山矿床成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

铜山铜矿床是长江中下游铜铁成矿带的重要矿床之一，对其成矿物质以前多认为来自单一的岩浆期后热液。通过综合分析成矿元素在各地质体中的分布及矿床同位素地球化学特征，认为：其成矿物质来源复杂，具多源性；不同类型矿石其成矿环境不同；围岩在成矿作用过程中提供了部分物质来源；花岗斑岩岩体、层间滑脱构造及有利围岩组合是矿床成矿的主要因素。     

地幔热柱成矿作用研究进展

地幔热柱构造是地球内部热传导的基本形式，只是地球的不同演化阶段其表现形式和强度有所不同。研究表明，燕山期强烈的地幔热柱活动沟通了深部成矿物质来源，金、银等元素随地幔热柱多级演化以气态→气—液混合相向上运移，在地幔热柱演化的三级单元——幔枝构造的有利部位聚集成矿。并据幔枝构造的成矿模式提出了华北地区燕山、秦岭、太行、胶辽等主要成矿集中区都是河淮地幔亚热柱控制下的幔枝成矿系列。成矿作用均伴随有强烈的构造—岩浆活动，成矿时代多集中在２６０～１２０Ｍａ。金、银多金属矿床具明显的相似性、同源性和深源性     

大兴安岭幔枝构造与银多金属成矿作用

通过对大兴安岭地区构造演化、区域地质、地球物理、地球化学特征的研究,认为燕山期以来是该区地幔热柱强烈活动时期.最明显的表现是强烈的构造运动和大规模的岩浆活动,最显著的标志是兴蒙地区盆岭构造的形成和大规模的成矿作用.大兴安岭中南段是一较典型的幔枝构造,具有明显的核部岩浆-变质杂岩、外围拆离滑脱层及上叠断陷盆地,是该区重要...     

湖南某多金属矿田的成矿作用

The multimetal mine described in this paper contains W, Mo, Bi, Sn, Be, Cu, Pb,Zn and etc. Deposits occur in Upper and Middle Devonian carbonatite rocks and exhibite apparent zonal arrangement around a small granite body with respect to the elements mentioned above. At least four periods of magmatic intrusion and mineralization are recognized within this distriet. A comagmatic origin is indicated for all the deposits by geological setting, mineral assemblages, the geochemistry of ore elements,isotopic compositions of lead and sulfur as well as fluid inclusion studies. Ore metals are derived chiefly from the granite while wall rocks cannot be excluded as a minor supplier.     

内蒙古赤峰市双尖子山银多金属矿床的基本特征

赤峰双尖子山矿床是近年在大兴安岭南段新发现的一处超大型银多金属矿床,其规模很可能刷新中国银矿规模的记录。文章对该矿床的基本地质特征进行了初步研究,表明银多金属矿化主要分布在中二叠统大石寨组的泥质、粉砂质板岩中,呈脉状、细脉浸染状产出,矿脉成群分布,构成长大于2000 m、宽大于1500 m的矿脉群。矿化与燕山期花岗岩、闪长玢岩、隐爆角砾岩、大石寨组上覆侏罗系地层的底砾岩具有密切的时空分布关系。根据矿床产出环境及矿化和热液蚀变等特征的初步研究,认为该矿床为多期次成矿叠加形成的中低温岩浆热液矿床。     

Tin mineralization in the Dajing tin–polymetallic deposit, Inner Mongolia, China

Dajing is a large-scale tin–polymetallic deposit that hosts the largest tin mine in North China. It is a hydrothermal vein-type deposit containing Sn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, and minor components Co and In. The deposit consists of more than 690 veins hosted within Upper Permian sedimentary rocks.Three mineralization stages and six ore types are recognized with cassiterite constituting the dominant tin mineral. The SnO₂ content of cassiterite increases in the sequence of mineralization stages shear-deformation→cassiterite–quartz→cassiterite–sulfide (or chalcopyrite–pyrite) stage, while the content of FeO, TiO₂, Nb₂O₅, Ta₂O₅, and In₂O₅ tends to decrease with increases in NiO and Ga₂O₅. It is considered that the negative correlation between SnO₂ and FeO, Nb₂O₅, Ta₂O₅, and In₂O₅ results from elemental substitutions. The early stage cassiterite is much richer in Ta and the later stage cassiterite is much poorer in Ti and Fe than is usual in hydrothermal vein type tin deposits. This is interpreted to indicate that the component of early stage cassiterite reflects a granitic magma source while the composition of later stage cassiterite has a more obvious strata source. The compositional variation of cassiterite corresponds to decreasing crystallization temperatures within each stage and between sequential stages with time. The characteristics of REE in cassiterite from two stages are in accord with that of subvolcanic rocks and the Linxi formation. It suggests that tin transported during the cassiterite–quartz stage may have originated from subvolcanic dikes (e.g., dacite porphyry), while in the cassiterite–sulfide stage, tin may have been derived from wallrock (e.g. siltstone) of the Upper Permian-age Linxi Formation.     

大兴安岭中南段扎木钦铅锌银多金属矿床成矿物质来源及矿床成因:来自S、Pb同位素的制约

扎木钦铅锌银矿床位于内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗,是近些年来在大兴安岭中南段地区新发现的一处大型多金属矿床。扎木钦矿床矿体主要呈脉状、透镜状、层状、似层状赋存于白音高老组中酸性火山岩中;根据矿石的结构、构造以及矿物之间的共生组合、穿切关系,划分出毒砂-黄铁矿阶段、铅锌金属硫化物阶段、银矿物阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段四个主要成矿阶段。在对矿床成矿地质条件详细总结研究的基础上,为探讨扎木钦多金属矿床成矿物质来源及矿床成因,本文对矿床中主要金属硫化物开展了S、Pb同位素组成分析。硫同位素测试结果表明扎木钦矿床中δ~(34)S值为4. 4‰～5. 8‰,平均值为5. 05‰,数值均一,变化范围小,具有塔式分布特征,指示硫来源于深源岩浆。铅同位素测试结果为:~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb值为17. 761～18. 291,平均值为18. 130;~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值为15. 509～15. 671,平均值为15. 593;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb值为37. 800～38. 205,平均值为38. 032,上述结果显示其铅同位素组成稳定。μ值为9. 30～9. 69,ω值变化范围为34. 57～38. 15。各项分析数据及图解指示铅具有壳幔混合来源特征。扎木钦矿床硫铅同位素组成与大兴安岭地区成矿物质为岩浆来源的金属矿床特征极为相似,矿床成矿与早白垩世火山岩浆活动关系密切,是深部岩浆流体逐步演化的产物,矿床成因类型为陆相火山热液型铅锌银多金属矿床。     

On the metallogenesis of Dajing Cu-Sn-polymetallic ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China

The Dajing Cu-Sn-polymetallic ore deposit is famous for its large scale, abundant associated elements, narrow and closely-spaced development of ore veins and high grade, but exploration within the mining district and its deeper parts has revealed no Yanshanian rockbody. Therefore, there have been proposed a diversity of hypotheses on the genesis of the deposit. The authors, from the angle of mantle-branch structure, provided evidence showing that the mining district is located in the core of the Da Hinggan Ling mantle-branch structure, the multi-stage evolution of mantle plume paved the way for the ascending of deep-source ore fluids and these fluids extracted part of the ore-forming materials. Then, these ore-forming materials were concentrated in the favorable structural loci (e.g. structural fissures) to form ores. The orientation of ore-forming and ore-controlling fissures is closely related to the regionally structural stress field at the metallogenic stage. The zonation of Sn, Cu, Au, Ag, Pb, and Zn within the mining district appears to be related to metallogenesis and the crystallization temperature of ore-forming materials. Mineralization of Sn, Cu, Au, etc. which require relatively high crystallization temperature and pressure is in most cases recognized in the central part of the mining district, while that of Ag, Pb, Zn, etc. which require relatively low crystallization temperature and pressure is, for the most part, produced in the periphery of the mining district.     

内蒙古林西边家大院银多金属矿床同位素地球化学特征及成矿物质来源探讨

边家大院银多金属矿床位于大兴安岭成矿带南段,是一个典型的热液脉型银多金属矿床。基于稳定同位素C、H、O、S和放射性Pb同位素的测试和分析,对边家大院银多金属矿床成矿流体及物质来源进行示踪。同位素测试结果表明:成矿流体中水的δD_(水-SMOW)值为-138.5‰~-111.7‰,δ~(18)O_(水-SMOW)值为-8.85‰~9.38‰,表明成矿流体为岩浆水与大气降水的混合物。热液方解石δ~(13)C_(PDB)值为-7.7‰~-2.67‰,δ~(18)O_(SMOW)为-0.41‰~6.03‰,表明热液矿物方解石是2个阶段成矿作用的产物,成矿早阶段流体与岩浆水特征相似,碳主要来源于岩浆,成矿晚阶段流体具有大气降水的特征。边家大院银多金属矿床矿石硫化物δ~(34)S值为0.76‰~4.4‰,显示银铅锌矿体的形成与岩浆作用密切相关,硫主要来自岩浆源。矿石样品~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于38.1~38.634,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于15.518~15.681,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于18.155~18.284,表明成矿与岩浆作用关系密切,成矿流体中铅主要来自深源岩浆。成矿作用的发生是在一种总硫浓度比较低的平衡体系中进行的。边家大院银多金属矿床的成因类型属于火山-次火山热液脉状银多金属矿床。     

云南马厂箐多金属矿床地质地球化学特征及成矿机制探讨

云南马厂箐多金属矿床是金沙江-哀牢山构造带上与喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩有关的Cu、Mo、Au 成矿的典型代表之一。矿体（脉）的产出与富碱斑岩体（脉）在空间上共存、时间上相近或稍晚、成因上密切相关, 蚀变和成矿分带明显。岩体内产出斑岩型Mo、Cu 矿化, 以Mo 矿化为主; 岩体与围岩接触带产出接触交代型Cu、Mo、Au、Fe 矿化, 以Cu、Fe 矿化为主, Au 矿化较弱; 而距接触带稍远的围岩地层中则产出Au、Pb、Zn 矿化。流体包裹体研究表明, 从马厂箐矿段→乱硐山矿段→人头箐-金厂箐矿段, 流体包裹体具有相态组合逐渐简单, 温度、盐度逐渐降低, 成矿压力逐渐减小, 成矿深度逐渐变浅的趋势。同位素地球化学研究表明, 马厂箐Cu、Mo、Au 多金属矿属于同一个岩浆和流体成矿系统在不同物理化学条件下的产物, 表现出随流体成矿作用的进行, 矿化由斑岩体内部向接触带和围岩地层推进, 富碱岩浆和地幔流体作用逐渐减弱, 而围岩地层的影响则逐渐增强, 流体性质由幔源向壳幔混合直至壳源为主演化。最后探讨了马厂箐Cu、Mo、Au 多金属矿的成矿机制, 并初步预测该矿床具有较好的深部成矿潜力。     

Sulfur, Carbon and Lead Isotope Studies of the Dajing Polymetallic Deposit in Linxi County, Inner Mongolia, China – Implication for Metallogenic Elements from Hypomagmatic Source

Abstract: The Dajing Cu‐polymetallic ore deposit in Linxi county, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, is economically a valuable Cu–Sn–Ag–Zn–Pb deposit in the southern section of the Da Hinggan metallogenic province. For the analyzed 23 samples of sulfide minerals, including chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite and galena, the δ³⁴S values range from –1.8 to +3.8 % with an average of +0.65 %. The narrow distributions of the δ³⁴S values with +1 % peak value, including the published data, and the δ¹³C values around –5 % indicate that the sulfur and carbon of the hydrothermal fluids are derived from a hypomagmatic source, and exclude the possibility that the hosted strata, i.e., the Upper Permian Linxi Formation, provided certain amounts of sulfur and carbon. The ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios of sulfide ores range respectively within 18.257‐18.368, 15.476‐15.609, and 37.916‐38.355 with the model ages of 122–209 Ma. The black shale, however, contains higher radiogenic lead with the ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios of 18.473‐20.156, differing from the ores. However, the ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios of the ore, basaltic porphyrite and feldspar leads are similar, and lie on the same lines in the diagrams of ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb vs. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb vs. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb. The fact that these mixing lines are composed of the two end members, the mantle and orogenic belt, strongly supports that all the metallogenic elements were carried by the hypomagma mixing the matters of the mantle and orogenic belt prior to the Mesozoic. Therefore, the Dajing ore deposit is a typical mag–matic–hydrothermal vein type ore deposit associated with subvolcanic rocks.     

内蒙古双尖子山银多金属矿床大规模铜矿化的发现及意义

巴林左旗双尖子山超大型银多金属矿床位于大兴安岭成矿带南段, 是亚洲最大银矿。早期研究认为双尖子山矿床主要为中低温热液成矿, 主要经济金属是银铅锌; 随着研究的深入, 发现了少量中高温铜锡矿化。2021年新施工钻孔首次揭露了大规模铜矿化。矿石主要为块状、角砾状、细脉状及稠密浸染状; 矿物组合主要是黄铜矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、毒砂和含银矿物。双尖子山矿床大规模铜矿化的发现, 证实了双尖子山矿床是一个从中高温到低温的完整演化序列的大规模岩浆热液型多金属矿床, 铜也可能成为该矿的新增工业矿种。成矿特征和矿体分布规律显示, 该矿区铜矿体尚未完全探明, 深部存在较大铜找矿潜力。     

内蒙古大井锡铜多金属矿床流体成矿机理及外围找矿预测

大井矿床老区锡铜及老区东部砷铜石英脉矿体是大井矿床的一个矿化中心,从该矿化中心向外,流体均一温度、盐度递减,由老区的Sn、Cu及老区东部As、Cu矿体向外逐渐演化为晚阶段Sn及Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag矿体。老区中心富锡及富铜流体是不同来源的流体,反映了该矿床可能存在不同的多个矿化中心,来自不同矿化中心不同矿化阶段的流体在同一空间叠加成矿。大井矿床西区的西北部预测区细脉浸染状矿体成矿流体与大井矿区脉状矿体的流体完全不同,总体显现了斑岩型流体包裹体的高温-高盐度及流体沸腾的特征。推测大井矿床外围预测区可能是大井矿床另一个矿化中心,其深部可能存在斑岩型矿化的新类型。