双重介质中核素迁移模型的解析解及其应用

给出了具有单裂隙的双重介质中，裂隙一端有分时注入源情形下的迁移模型的解析解及一些简化条件下的解析解，并利用解析解研究了核素在双重介质中的迁移问题。     

平面单裂隙介质中核素的迁移模型

本文提出核素在平面单裂隙中的迁移模型 ,用于模拟放射性核素在裂隙介质中的迁移问题 ,并以实例说明该模型的可靠性     

双重介质中核素迁移模型的近似解析解及实验室使用条件

本文将双重介质中核过移模型的解析解进行了简化，得到了便于应用的近似解析解及其相关结论经推导给出了实验室利用近似解析解的条件以及求阻滞系数、固有扩散系数的公式。     

裂隙岩石介质中核素迁移的模型及其算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式

建立了放射性核素在裂隙岩石介质中迁移的双重介质模型,对模型的求解提出了一种新的数值方法—Galerkin有限元法与算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式相结合的新方法,给出了水质模型算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式的稳定性条件,且所得到的计算格式是非负的。最后通过对核素90Sr 100年、99Tc 1000年的预测计算,验证了本文所提方法的有效性和稳定性,并得出了一些有重要意义的结论。     

放射性核素在不同介质中的迁移研究进展

从受关注的放射性核素、不同介质及实验模拟等方面,对当前放射性核素在不同介质中的迁移研究进展进行了较为全面的分析总结。提出了今后放射性核素迁移的重点研究方向:①核素在多介质之间的迁移研究;②核素在三维空间的迁移模式研究;③核素在非均匀介质中的迁移规律研究,特别是对其滞留机制的研究。     

某核废物处置预选区中核素迁移模拟研究

核素在裂隙介质中的迁移问题是核废物深地质处置中极为关注的问题。为了解裂隙介质中核素的迁移规律,建立了基于双重介质理论的描述核素在裂隙域和基质域中迁移的基本微分方程,利用拉普拉斯变换推导出其解析解;在对西北某核废物处置场预选区地水文地质条件分析的基础上,获取相关参数,利用一维多途径核素迁移模型,选取国内在花岗岩中研究较多的核素Cs-134、Co-57、Tc-99,模拟这几种核素的相对浓度随模拟时间、迁移距离的变化规律。模拟结果表明：在其他条件都相同的情况下,Cs-134的迁移是最快的,而Tc-99迁移是最慢的。     

页岩介质中放射性核素迁移的实验研究及其数学模型

在自行设计的实验装置中进行了放射性核素13 1I在页岩介质中的扩散、渗透 -弥散的实验。采用渗透法及扩散法获得了实验曲线并计算出弥散系数、阻滞系数、孔隙度等参数。实验表明13 1I在页岩介质中为弱吸附核素 ,其阻滞系数较小。在此实验基础上建立了放射性核素13 1I在页岩介质中的一维迁移物理模型及数学模型。结果表明13 1I随地下水迁移得比较慢 ,因此页岩对13 1I的迁移能起到一定的阻滞作用     

双复杂介质条件下的反Q滤波偏移延拓算子研究

地下介质的非弹性吸收衰减效应造成地震资料中深层信号频带窄、能量弱、成像困难,因此需要对地层的非弹性吸收衰减进行补偿。在已有的补偿方法基础上,基于单程波方程,采用与品质因子和频率相关的复速度代替介质真实速度,将粘滞传播算子在频率-空间域采用连分式展开,得到相移项和补偿项,针对连分式的误差,在频率-波数域进行补偿校正,并用逐步累加法解决起伏地表问题。该方法提高了成像精度,有效补偿了由于地层非弹性吸收造成的振幅和频率损失。模型试算和实际资料处理表明,该方法具有一定的适应性和实用性。     

热-水-应力耦合条件下三项因素对核素迁移影响的有限元分析

目前在放射性核素随地下水迁移的研究中还很少涉及温度场和应力场的影响。针对这一问题,引入渗透迁移方程,将所开发的饱和-非饱和孔隙介质中热-水-应力耦合弹塑性模型及其二维有限元程序进行了扩展和改进,使之可以同步地对温度场、渗流场、应力场和放射性核素浓度场的变化进行解析。对一个假想的核废料处置库算例,通过分别改变影响地下水中核素迁移的3个因素：渗透系数、分配系数和分子扩散系数,考察了在热-水-应力-迁移耦合作用条件下近场放射性核素浓度的分布及变化,从而认识到：当缓冲层的渗透系数小到一定程度后,缓冲层中核素迁移基本不再受渗流场的影响;缓冲层分配系数越小,分子扩散系数越大,核素迁移越快。     

A dual mortar contact method for porous media and its application to clay-core rockfill dams

The clay-core rockfill dam is a multibody contact system in which the hydromechanical response of the clay core plays a crucial role. This complex problem is highly challenging to model numerically. We present a numerical approach that considers the multibody contact, consolidation, and strong geometric and material nonlinearities for the modeling of clay-core rockfill dams. Within the framework of the dual mortar finite element method, the presented approach considers the contact bodies as independent porous media continuums. The nonlinear contact conditions are derived based on the effective contact traction on contact interfaces and pore pressure continuity. The weak forms are obtained by introducing Lagrange multipliers as additional unknowns, which are then condensed through an extended general transformation. The presented method is first validated with a patch test considering the contact between two porous media. Then, a three-dimensional analysis of the Rumei clay-core rockfill dam is performed. The main numerical analysis concerns are the two observation galleries planned for construction inside the clay core. The galleries consist of dozens of tunnel-like concrete blocks, giving rise to complex concrete-concrete and concrete-clay contacts. The discontinuous separation and sliding between concrete blocks are investigated. For the concrete-concrete contact, both hard and soft joint approaches are evaluated and compared. The pore pressure results of the concrete structures are also analyzed.     

不连续面在双重介质热-水-力三维耦合分析中的有限元数值实现

在建立双重介质热-水-力耦合微分控制方程的基础上,提出了裂隙岩体热-水-力耦合的三维力学模型,对不同介质分别建立以节点位移、水压力和温度为求解量的三维有限元格式,开发了双重介质热-水-力耦合分析的的三维有限元计算程序,在有限元数值分析中不连续面应力计算采用等厚度空间8节点节理单元进行离散,而不连续面渗流和热能计算时采用平面4节点等参单元进行离散,这样保证了不同介质之间的水量、热量交换和两类模型接触处节点水头、温度和位移相等。通过高温岩体地热开发算例,揭示了在热-水-力耦合作用下不连续面处于低应力区,其张开度随运行时间的延长呈非线性增加,非稳定渗流阶段不连续面显著地控制着渗流场的整体分布,它的水头远高于拟连续岩体介质的水头,而进入稳定渗流阶段不连续面的控渗作用不明显,由于高温岩体地热开发系统中存在大规模的热量补给,不连续面对岩体温度场分布的影响并不显著。     

A bridge between dual porosity and multiscale models of heterogeneous deformable porous media

In this paper, a multiscale homogenization approach is developed for fully coupled saturated porous media to represent the idealized sugar cube model, which is generally employed in fractured porous media on the basis of dual porosity models. In this manner, an extended version of the Hill-Mandel theory that incorporates the microdynamic effects into the multiscale analysis is presented, and the concept of the deformable dual porosity model is demonstrated. Numerical simulations are performed employing the multiscale analysis and dual porosity model, and the results are compared with the direct numerical simulation through 2 numerical examples. Finally, a combined multiscale-dual porosity technique is introduced by employing a bridge between these 2 techniques as an alternative approach that reduces the computational cost of numerical simulation in modeling of heterogeneous deformable porous media.     

随机介质中的探地雷达叠前逆时偏移成像

为了更好地分析探地雷达(GPR)叠前逆时偏移算法对实际地下随机分布介质的成像效果,采用随机过程的谱分解和混合型自相关函数理论构建了不同自相关长度的GPR随机介质模型。基于时域有限差分法(FDTD)构建了GPR叠前逆时偏移成像算法,其中FDTD用于计算正传和反传电磁波场,归一化互相关成像条件用于获取逆时偏移成像剖面。在此基础上,利用该算法对两个随机介质模型的多偏移距正演数据进行计算,并与相应背景介质为均匀介质的逆时偏移结果进行对比。结果表明:电磁波在随机介质中散射强烈,反射波扭曲变形、不连续,形成了明显的随机扰动,致使逆时偏移成像剖面的空间分辨率更低,低频噪声更强;自相关长度是影响随机介质中异常体成像效果的主要因素,自相关长度越小,异常体的成像越清晰,自相关长度越大,异常体的成像效果越差,且不易被识别。     

填埋场中气体运移的非稳定耦合渗流数学模型

基于多孔介质渗流力学和流固耦合理论，建立了填埋场内挥发性气体在土壤中迁移气－固耦合数学模型，并根据数学模型的非线性特征，采用摄动法求出模型的拟解析解。通过解析求解研究了挥发性气体在土壤中耦合与非耦合渗流情况下孔隙压力分布动态特征，为预测和预报挥发性气体在土壤中的扩散状况，以及对环境污染的治理，控制污染的扩散理论了理论依据。     

饱和非均质介质中PCE的运移分布与修复研究

重非水相液体(DNAPLs)泄漏进入土壤-地下水环境成为长期污染源,给人类健康及生态环境带来严重威胁。将四氯乙烯(PCE)作为特征污染物,通过二维砂箱实验探究饱和非均质介质中PCE的运移分布,及Tween 80溶液对PCE的去除效果。采用透射光法监测运移与修复过程,定量评估PCE的修复效率。结果表明,由于PCE无法克服毛细压力,在低渗透性介质上方聚积污染池;由于拉断效应,PCE在运移路径上以离散状形式存在。离散状PCE与Tween 80溶液的有效接触面积大,易被优先溶解去除,控制着修复效率。Tween 80溶液对离散状PCE修复效果显著,可作为有效的修复溶剂选用。     

A semi-analytical solution for the transient response of one-dimensional unsaturated single-layer poroviscoelastic media

This paper develops a semi-analytical solution for the transient response of an unsaturated single-layer poroviscoelastic medium with two immiscible fluids by using the Laplace transformation and the state-space method. Using the elastic–viscoelastic correspondence principle, we first introduce the Kelvin–Voigt model into Zienkiewicz’s unsaturated poroelastic model. The vibrational response for unsaturated porous material can be obtained by combining these two models and assuming that the wetting and non-wetting fluids are compressible, the solid skeleton and solid particles are viscoelastic, and the inertial and mechanical couplings are taken into account. The Laplace transformation and state-space method are used to solve the basic equations with the associated initial and boundary conditions, and the analytical solution in the Laplace domain is developed. To evaluate the responses in the time domain, Durbin’s numerical inverse Laplace transform method is used to obtain the semi-analytical solution. There are three compressional waves in porous media with two immiscible fluids. Moreover, to observe the three compressional waves clearly, we assume the two immiscible fluids are water and oil. Finally, several examples are provided to show the validity of the semi-analytical solution and to assess the influences of the viscosity coefficients and dynamic permeability coefficients on the behavior of the three compressional waves.