白云鄂博矿床霓石的研究

霓石是白云鄂博矿床主要含铁硅酸盐矿物。本文采用俄歇能谱、穆斯堡尔谱、X射线衍射、红外光谱及电子探针等现代测试手段研究了该矿床中两种霓石样品(AW-1、AW-2)的特征及差异。研究表明,它们均呈长柱状晶体,AW-1端部较尖锐,AW-2端部较粗钝。晶体化学式及晶胞参数分别为:AW-1:(Na_(1.269)Ca_(0.001))_(1.270)(Fe_(0.755)Mg_(0.045)Al_(0.063)Ti_(0.003))_(0.666)Si_(2.043)O_6,a=0.9635nm,b=0.8782nm,c=0.5290nm;AW-2:(Na_(1.64)Ca_(0.016))_(1.18)(Fe_(0.902)Mg_(0.002)Al_(0.089) Ti_(0.007) Ce_(0.002) Mn_(0.002))_(1.004) Si_(1.947)O_6,a=0.9636nm b=0.8772nm c=0.5307nm。AW-1较AW-2晶形完整,晶体破裂主要是沿着垂直于Fe—O方向断裂,断裂面存在大量Fe~(3+)和少量Si~(4+),无明显Na~+存在,且讨论了其选矿意义。     

新矿物报导

我国自1984年9月到现在为止,经国际矿物协会(IMA)新矿物与矿物命名委员会(CNMMN)批准的新矿物又有6个,它们是: 二连石Erlianite(Fe_(9.90)~(2+)Mgo_(0.66)Ca_(0.40)Mn_(0.21)Ti_(0.13)Na_(0.08)K_(0.04))_(11.42)(Fe_(7.11)~(3+)Al_(0.10)P_(0.02))     

黑云母热光性的研究

一、概述本文研究的黑云母(少铁黑云母Meroxen),颜色为黑褐色,折射率Ng=1.6112,光轴角(-)2V=4°,色散V>γ.其化学成分(重量%)如下:SiO_2 36.95,Al_2O_3 16.69,Fe_2O_3 1.94,FeO6.37,MgO 20.22,CaO 0.14,Na_2O 0.45,K_2O 9.63,H_2O~+ 3.96,H_2O~- 0.68,TiO_2 2.38,P_2O_5 0.12,MnO O.12,F 0.62,总和为100.27.晶体化学式为:(K_(0.90)Na_(0.06)Ca_(0.01))_(0.97)(Mg_(2.21)Fe_(0.39)~(2+)Fe_(0.11)~(3+)Mn_(0.01)Ti_(0.13)Al_(0.15))_(3.00)(Si_(2.71)Al_(1.29))_(4.00)O_(10)(O_(1.23)OH_(0.62)F_(0.15))_(2.00).从常温到1500℃,每隔100℃,在高温炉内加热一个样品,恒温一小时后取出淬火.对加热后的样品分别作了肉眼及光性鉴定,其中折射率用油浸法,光轴角用弗氏台干涉图法测定.     

四川渡口地区发现绿铬矿(Eskolaite)

绿铬矿发现于四川渡口的石墨矿床中。矿物呈浅绿-墨绿色,条痕淡绿色,包裹于3T白云母中,结晶化学式Cr-1:(Cr_(1.99)Mn_(0.004)Fe_(0.0035)Ti_(0.001)Mg_(0.003))_(2.0015)0_(2.997);Cr-2:(Cr_(1.99)Mn_(0.0026)Fe_(0.005)Ti_(0.005)Mg_(0.003))_(2.0011)O_(2.996);晶胞参数α=0.495nm;c=1.360nm;V=28.858nm~3;Z=6;D_x=5.24g·cm~(     

凤成石:异性石族矿物N(5)位贫钠的空位类似物新种

作为异性石族矿物新种凤成石是首个该族已知成员中N(5)位贫Na且以空位居优的类似物,其理想化学式为:Na_(12)□_3Ca_6(Fe~(3+),□)_3Zr_3Si(Si_(25)O_(73))(H_2O)_3(OH)_2。它发现于我国东北辽宁省凤城市赛马钠质碱性正长岩内,多呈它形-半自形晶产出,单个晶体粒径1~7mm,最大粒径者>1.5cm。与之共生的矿物有微斜长石、正长石、钠长石、霞石和钠角闪石亚族矿物、霓石、榍石和闪叶石族矿物、"贫钠的层硅钛铈矿"("Napoor rinkite")、钛铌钙铈矿、钠锆石、锆石、铁金云母、氟磷灰石、富稀土的羟硅磷灰石和何作霖矿等。矿物为半透明-透明,玻璃光泽,条痕白色,性脆,摩氏硬度约5,偶见不完全解理和裂开,一轴晶正光性。N_e=1.607,N_o=1.603。凤成石属三方晶系,具R3m空间群;a=1.42467(6)nm,c=3.00330(2)nm,V=5.27908(50)nm~3,Z=3。6条强粉晶衍射线[面网间距(衍射强度)(指标化)]是:0.7186(55)(110),0.5761(44)(113),0.4187(53)(123),0.3201(47)(028),0.2978(61)(135)和0.2857(100)(044)。16点矿物成分的电子探针等分析均值为:Na_2O 11.64%,K_2O 0.52%,CaO 8.96%,MgO 0.07%,SrO_3.53%,BaO 0.02%,MnO0.10%,FeO 0.69%,Mn_2O_30.92%,Fe_2O_35.98%,La_2O_30.12%,Ce_2O_30.23%,Nd_2O_30.13%,Sc_2O_30.01%,TiO_20.38%,ZrO_211.72%,Nb_2O_50.23%,SiO_251.73%,Cl 1.13%,H_2O 2.09%,O≡Cl-0.26%,总量100.14%。根据晶体结构精测和(O+OH+F+Cl)=78计算的矿物经验化学式:[(Na_(3.00)Na_(3.00))Σ_(6.00)(Na_(5.28)K_(0.33)□_(0.39))]_(12.00)□_(2.71)Sr_(0.20)REE_(0.09))_(3.00)Ca_(4.80)Sr_(0.82)Fe_(0.29)~(2+)Mg_(0.05)Mn_(0.04)~(2+))_(6.00)(Fe_(2.25)~(3+)Mn_(0.35)~(3+)Cr_(0.08)□_(0.32))_(3.00)(Zr_(2.86)Ti_(0.09)Nb_(0.05))_(3.00)(Si_(0.87)Ti_(0.05)□_(0.08))_(1.00)Si_(1.00)(Si_(24.00)O_(72.00))[(H_2O)_(2.93)O_(1.00)(OH)_(0.07)]_(3.00)[(OH)_(1.04)Cl_(0.96_]_(2.00)。矿物实测密度2.93g/cm~3;计算密度2.88g/cm~3。基于野外和室内研究,借鉴有关合成异性石族矿物的实验资料,凤成石由一类富REE、U、Th、Zr、和挥发分的钠质碱性正长岩岩浆直接结晶而成。     

攀枝花岩体辉石的矿物学研究

本文对攀枝花辉长岩体中共存的单斜、斜方辉石进行了系统的矿物学及晶体化学研究。首次查明该岩体中斜方辉石的成分,光性及结构特征。研究表明:单斜种属为次透辉石,其化学式为Ca_（0.831）Na_（0.027）K_（0.002）Mg_（0.811）Fe_（0.213）~（2+）Fe_（0.054）~（3+）AlⅥ_（0.030）Ti_（0.013）Mn_（0.008）AlⅣ_（0.082）Si_（1.918）O_6,晶胞参数为α=9.7443—9.7617,b=8.9174—8.9431,c=5.2353—5.2653,β=105°56＇～106°8＇,空间群C2/c,Z=4;斜方辉石为紫苏辉石,化学式为Ca_（0.044）Na_（0.012）K_（0.005）Mg_（1.335）Fe_（0.584）~（2+）Ti_（0.007）Mn_（0.014）Al_（0.029）Si_（1.969）O_6,晶胞参数α=18.2720,b=8.8734,c=5.2078,空间群Pbca,Z=8,该岩体辉石的成分与布什维尔德和斯卡尔嘎得两侵入体中辉石的成分趋向一致。     

Crichtonite族矿物在我国的研究进展与冕宁铀矿的发现

回顾了锶铁钛矿(crichtonite)族矿物在我国的研究历史,从产状、物理性质、化学成分以及晶体结构等方面重点介绍了锶铁钛矿族新成员——冕宁铀矿。锶铁钛矿族矿物属三方晶系,结构通式为A~ⅫB~ⅥC_(18)~ⅥT_2~Ⅳ(Φ)_(38)。冕宁铀矿是锶铁钛矿族第15个成员,产自牦牛坪稀土矿包子山煌斑岩破碎带中(N28°24'20″,E101°59'3″),经验化学式为[□_(0.322)(Pb_(0.215)Ba_(0.037)Sr_(0.036)Ca_(0.010))_(0.298)(Ce_(0.128)La_(0.077)Nd_(0.012))_(0.217)(Na_(0.127)K_(0.036))_(0.163)]_(1.000)(U_(0.447)~(4+)Mn_(0.293)U_(0.112)~(6+)Y_(0.091)Zr_(0.023)Th_(0.011))_(0.977)(Fe_(1.224)~(3+)Fe_(0.243)~(2+)Mg_(0.023)P_(0.008)Si_(0.006_□_(0.496))_(2.000)(Ti_(12.464)Fe_(5.292)~(3+)V_(0.118)~(5+)Nb_(0.083)Al_(0.026)Cr_(0.017)~(3+))_(18.000)O_(38.000);晶胞参数为a=1.03462(5)nm,c=2.08372(2)nm,V=1.93165(20)nm~3,Z=3,空间群R3;晶体多呈半自形板状,粒径1~2 mm,黑色,条痕黑色,半金属光泽,不透明,性脆,贝壳状断口,解理、裂开和荧光性均不发育;莫氏硬度约为6,密度为4.62(8)g/cm~3。由于铀等放射性元素的辐射,冕宁铀矿发育有不同程度的非晶质化。冕宁铀矿是锶铁钛矿族第一个A位以空位为主的矿物种。该矿物以其产地命名,已获得了国际矿物学会新矿物及矿物分类命名委员会(CNMNC-IMA)的正式批准(IMA 2014-072)。     

二连石——一种含铁和钒的硅酸盐新矿物

新矿物二连石(Erlianite)产于海相火山沉积硅质建造,经变质的铁矿层中的破碎带。矿物呈黑色,条痕褐色。晶体成纤维状、鳞片状,集合体为规则的板柱状。不透明,丝绢光泽。H_v=3.7kg/mm~2,D=3.11g/cm~3。解理(001)和(100)完全。斜方晶系。晶胞参数:a=23.20,b=9.20,c=13.18,Z=1,可能的空间群为Pmmn或Pm2_1n。二轴晶负光性,N_(?)=1.667,N_(?)=1.674,N_(?)=1.679,2V=56—59°。化学式为:(Fe~(2+)_(19·96)Fe~(3+)_(2·19)Mg_(1·33)Mn_(0·42))_(23·90)(Fe~(3+)_(11·32)V_((?)·68))_(12)(Si_(34·73)Ti_(0·26)Al_(0·20)Fe~(3+)_(0·81))_(36)O_(90)(OH,O)_(48)(单位晶胞氧原子总数O=138)。     

山西中条山石英-碳酸盐脉中的钛铀矿

含钛铀矿的石英-碳酸盐脉产于侵入到元古界中条群大理岩中的黑云母闪长玢岩岩株中。钛铀矿呈柱状、板状或不规则状。其共生矿物有铁白云石、方解石、石英、镜铁矿及黑云母等。钛铀矿呈黑色,具沥青光泽。条痕浅黄褐色。断口呈贝壳状。比重4.73。维氏压入硬度为482-553kg/mm~2(相当于摩氏硬度5.5-5.7)。具电磁性。在反射光下呈灰白色,均质,反射率为16.67(波长486nm),16.00(551nm),15.77(589nm),15.38(656nm)。根据所测化学成分计算其晶体化学式为:(U_(0.05)~(4+)U_(0.47)~6Ca_(0.22)Th_(0.22)RE_(0.15)Pb_(0.0.3))_(0.94)(Ti_(1.66)Fe_(0.17)~(3+)Mn_(0.01)Si_(0.16)Al_(0.02))_(2.02)O_6。矿物呈变生态,且常发生水化。与别的钛铀矿对比后可见,钛铀矿的物理性质和光学性质均随其水化程度的不同而变化。     

钙钒榴石的新变种—铬钙钒榴石的研究

铬钙钒榴石发现于江苏省句容县铜山铜钼矿外接触带的大理岩中。该矿物属等轴晶系,空间群为O_h~(10)-Ia3d。晶胞参数a_0=11.9470,Z=8;化学成分中SiO_2=34.99％,Al_2O_3=7.61％,CaO=32.95％,V_2O_5=13.41％,Cr_2O_3=10.13％,其化学式为:(Ca_(2.938)Na_(0.003)_(2.941)(V_(0.737)Cr_(0.666)Fe_(0.006)Al_(0.531)_(2.00)(Si_(2.938)Al_(0.156)_(3.094)O_(12)。折光率n=1.799(±0.0015)。计算比重为3.72。VHN_(100)=1168.7kg/mm~2,摩氏硬度7.1。它是一种既有钒,又有铬的同生沉积和岩浆侵入接触交代变质矿物。它的发现为石榴石族增添了新成员,并为铬钙钒榴石成因提供了新的产状资料,同时对铬钒元素的地球化学研究也具有重要意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861