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Geographical design of riparian buffers with long-term vegetation cover for environmental restoration in agricultural watersheds needs to assess how much farmland is located in the buffers of a concerned watershed. Traditionally, this assessment was done by field surveying and manual mapping, which was a time-consuming and costly process for a large region. In this paper, remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) as cost-effective techniques were used to develop a catchments-based approach for identifying critical sites of agricultural riparian buffer restoration. The method was explained through a case study of watershed with 11 catchments and results showed that only four of the catchments were eligible in terms of higher priority for riparian buffer restoration. This research has methodological contributions to the spatial assessment of farming intensities in catchments-based riparian buffers across a watershed and to the geographical designs of variable buffering scenarios within catchments. The former makes the catchments-based management strategy possible, and the latter provides alternative restoration scenarios to meet different management purposes, both of which have direct implementations to the environmental restoration of riparian buffers in the real world. This study, thus, highlights the great potential of RS and GIS applications to the planning and management of riparian buffer restoration in agricultural watersheds. 相似文献
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Estuarine sediment deposition during wetland restoration: A GIS and remote sensing modeling approach
Michelle Elizabeth Newcomer Amber Jean Michael Kuss Tyler Ketron Alex Remar Vivek Choksi J. W. Skiles 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):451-467
Restoration is currently underway in the industrial salt flats of San Francisco Bay, California. Remote sensing of suspended sediment concentration and other GIS predictor variables were used to model sediment deposition within recently restored ponds. Suspended sediment concentrations were calibrated to reflectance values from Landsat TM 5 and ASTER satellite image data using three statistical techniques—linear regression, multivariate regression, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) regression. Multivariate and ANN regressions using ASTER proved to be the most accurate methods, yielding r2 values of 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. Predictor variables such as sediment grain size and tidal frequency were used in the Marsh Sedimentation (MARSED) model for predicting deposition rates. MARSED results show a root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 66.8 mm (<1σ) between modeled and field observations. This model was applied to a pond breached in November 2010 and indicated that the pond will reach sediment equilibrium levels after 60 months of tidal inundation. 相似文献
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RS与GIS技术在库区地质灾害调查中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
本文以黄河班多一级水电站库区地质灾害调查为例,利用RS与GIS技术进行地质灾害信息提取与分析。在对卫星影像信息进行增强处理的基础上,通过GIS数据管理和空间分析功能对多源数据进行叠加分析,利用可视化工具—虚拟地理信息系统(VirtualGIS)构建研究区三维场景,多方位、多角度挖掘地质灾害信息。结果表明:采用RS与GIS技术可以快速、准确、高效地提取地质灾害信息和与之相关的地表信息,实现地质灾害调查与分析的目的。 相似文献
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多源遥感数据管理与远程处理集成实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对目前对多源遥感影像数据管理与远程处理的集成应用研究较少的现状,文章基于FTP、关系数据库和空间数据库引擎设计多源遥感影像数据及其元数据与快视图数据的一体化管理方案,基于Web Service与PCI-EASI设计遥感影像远程处理服务,并对多源遥感影像数据管理与远程处理功能进行集成,通过综合运用FTP和Web Service技术,提高了数据管理效率和应用的灵活性。最后以"粤港澳水质遥感监测系统"为例,实现了对多源遥感影像数据的有效管理及水质监测业务的系统化,验证了研究成果的可行性和实用性。 相似文献
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The policy of the Chinese government concerning the horizontal expansion of the cultivated land through the reclamation of desert soils result in a total increase of 665. 985 km2 during the period 1987–1999 in North Shaanxi. This increase is less than the loss in arable land by urbanization. The accelerated rate of change in agricultural areas calls for more rapid surveys of urbanization and loss of arable land. Remote sensing has a number of advantages over ground-based methods for such surveys. The multi-scale concept of remote sensing data help us study the problem in four towns. Several maps were produced to analyze the situation of urban coverage in different times. The evaluation of the status, rate and risk of urbanization are based on an accepted average of urban increase as 2% of population growth per year. 相似文献
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MushtakTalibJabbar HUGuangdao ZHANGZhenfei 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(3):187-192
The policy of the Chinese government concerning the horizontal expansion of the cultivated land through the reclamation of desert soils result in a total increase of 665. 985 km^2 during the period 1987-1999 in North Shaanxi. This increase is less than the loss in arable land by urbanization. The accelerated rate of change in agricultural areas calls for more rapid surveys of urbanization and loss of arable land. Remote sensing has a number of advantages over ground-based methods for such surveys. The multi-scale concept of remote sensing data help us study the problem in four towns. Several maps were produced to analyze the situation of urban coverage in different times. The evaluation of the status, rate and risk of urbanization are based on an accepted average of urban increase as 2% of population growth per year. 相似文献
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中国遥感技术在考古中的应用与发展 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
遥感技术的日新月异以及考古学的新目标、新需要不断出现, 利用遥感技术进行田野考古研究的工作已经取得长足进展。回顾了遥感考古的历史, 介绍了遥感技术在大遗址探测中的优势与作用, 以当前遥感考古与虚拟考古研究为例, 对遥感考古发展中面临的问题进行了概述。 相似文献
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基于GIS与遥感影像的银行ATM机网点选址方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文针对当前影响ATM机布点的因素,提出了基于矢量图和遥感影像的可视化平台。首先应用门槛分析模型将区域划分为潜力区域(含有ATM机但还有布放潜力的区域)和空白区域(不含ATM机的区域),从宏观上分析区域布放的可行性,并通过计算潜力区域和空白区域内的网点消费潜力,得出适合布放ATM机的区域,然后通过点位评估模型来分析这些区域内的网点,最后评估出可以布放ATM机的网点,并以北京某公司ATM机布点选址规划应用本文的选址方法进行了实践,取得了很好的效果。 相似文献
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Delineation of groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and GIS-based data-driven models 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study is to produce groundwater potential map (GPM) using weights-of-evidence (WOE) and evidential belief function (EBF) models based on geographic information system in the Azna Plain, Lorestan Province, Iran. A total number of 370 groundwater wells with discharge more than 10 m3s?1were considered and out of them, 256 (70%) were randomly selected for training purpose, while the remaining114 (30%) were used for validating the model. In next step, the effective factors on the groundwater potential such as altitude, slope aspect, slope angle, curvature, distance from rivers, drainage density, topographic wetness index, fault distance, fault density, lithology and land use were derived from the spatial geodatabases. Subsequently, the GPM was produced using WOE and EBF models. Finally, the validation of the GPMs was carried out using areas under the ROC curve (AUC). Results showed that the GPM prepared using WOE model has the success rate of 73.62%. Similarly, the AUC plot showed 76.21% prediction accuracy for the EBF model which means both the models performed fairly good predication accuracy. The GPMs are useful sources for planners and engineers in water resource management, land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose. 相似文献
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Land cover in Kenya is in a state of fl ux at different spatial and temporal scales. This compromises environmental
integrity and socioeconomic stability of the population hence increasing their vulnerability to the externalities of environmental
change. The Oroba-Kibos catchment area in western Kenya is one locality where rapid land use changes have taken place over
the last 30 years. The shrubs, swamps, natural forests and other critical ecosystems have been converted on the altar of agriculture,
human settlement, fuel wood and timber. This paper presents the results of a study that aimed at providing spatially-explicit
information for effective remedial response through (a) Mapping the land cover; (b) Identifying the spatial distribution of land
cover changes; (c) Determining the nature, rates and magnitude of the land cover changes, and; (d) Establishing the drivers of
land use leading to land cover changes in Oroba-Kibos catchment area. Bi-temporal Landsat TM imagery, fi eld observation,
household survey and ancillary data were obtained. Per-fi eld classifi cation of the Landsat TM imagery was performed in a GIS
and the resultant land cover maps assessed using the fi eld observation data. Post-classifi cation comparison of the maps was then
done to detect changes in land cover that had occurred between 1994 and 2008. SPSS was used to analyze the household survey
data and attribute the detected land cover changes to their causes. The fi ndings showed that 9 broad classes characterize the
catchment area including the natural forests, swamps, natural water bodies, woodlands, shrublands, built-up lands, grasslands,
bare lands and croplands. Croplands are dominant and accounted for about 65% (57122 ha) of the total land in 1994, which increased
at the rate of 0.89% to 73% (64772 ha) in 2008, while natural water bodies has the least spatial coverage accounting for
about 0.6% (561 ha) of the total land in 1994, which diminished at the rate of 3.57% to 0.3% (260 ha) in 2008. Climate, altitude,
access and rights to land, demographic changes, poverty, political governance, market availability and economic returns are the
interacting mix of proximate and underlying factors that drive the land cover changes in Oroba-Kibos catchment area. 相似文献
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遥感技术能够快速有效地探明地上和地下古遗址的分布信息,在现代考古中发挥着重要的作用,逐渐成为考古研究的重要手段。阐述了遥感考古探测的基本原理,以遥感考古探测平台为序系统介绍了遥感考古探测方法与进展情况,对遥感考古探测的作用、局限性及发展前景进行了评述。 相似文献
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定量遥感产品的质量控制和质量评价是产品生产过程的重要环节,生成的产品质量信息对用户具有重要的参考价值。对于算法较为复杂,涉及诸多输入数据和计算环节的遥感数据产品,质量控制和质量评价是一个难点。本文以一个极轨卫星与静止卫星结合的光合有效辐射(PAR)产品算法为例,分析了定量遥感产品质量控制和质量评价的方法。在确定总体技术框架的基础上,详细描述了数据输入及产品输出质量控制标识体系的建立、质量控制方法实施以及产品质量评价具体方案。光合有效辐射估算需要多源遥感数据和较多空间数据,导致最终产品不确定性的来源较多。本研究通过算法解析、产品的不确定性分析以及建立质量标识体系等方法来确定质量控制方案,从而可以利用质量控制标识追溯到输入数据和每一个中间处理过程的质量或者误差,并最终生成产品的总体质量等级。最后简要介绍了利用地面实测数据和产品质量标识对产品进行质量评价的方法。 相似文献
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1973年—2013年经济特区城市空间扩展遥感监测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选取1973年—2013年多源遥感影像为数据源,以深圳、厦门、海口为例,开展中国经济特区城市建城区的长时序、高频数空间扩展遥感监测。选取城市扩展速度、城市扩展对土地利用的影响、城市形态紧凑度和城市重心迁移作为指标,剖析经济特区城市扩展的时空特征,耦合自然要素与人为要素,对比分析深圳、厦门和海口在城市扩展过程中表现出来的异同,并探讨其原因。结果表明:(1)近40年来,经济特区城市扩展先后经历了一个缓慢平稳扩展阶段、两个加速扩展阶段和两个减速扩展阶段。深圳的扩展速度最快,其次是厦门,海口的扩展速度最慢;(2)耕地对经济特区城市扩展贡献最大,林地、水域、城乡工矿和居民用地、海域也是经济特区城市扩展的重要土地来源,草地和未利用土地的贡献最小;(3)经济特区城市的空间形态总体趋于松散,1973年—2004年城市紧凑度剧烈降低,2004年之后趋于平稳;(4)在政策与填海造地工程的共同影响下,经济特区城市重心有向海岸线方向迁移的趋势,深圳的迁移量最大,海口最小。 相似文献