砂井地基平面问题转换及其应用

考虑砂井地基的井阻和涂抹区效应，建立了轴对称砂井和平面砂墙之间渗透系数以及几何尺寸的关系式，使砂井地基等效成平面砂墙处理。采用修正剑桥模型的二维平面应变Biot(比奥特)固结有限元对一高速公路塑料排水板路基的沉降预测，显示结果与实测沉降结果比较接近。     

Hydromechanical Analysis of Masonry Gravity Dams and their Foundations

A numerical model for the hydromechanical analysis of masonry dams based on the discrete element method is presented. The dam and the rock foundation are represented as block assemblies, and a coupled flow-stress analysis is performed in an integrated manner for the entire system. Complex block shapes may be obtained by assembling elementary blocks into macroblocks, allowing the application of the model to situations ranging from equivalent continuum to fully discontinuum analysis. A contact formulation was developed based on an accurate edge–edge approach, incorporating mechanical and hydraulic behavior. The main numerical aspects are described, with an emphasis in the flow analysis explicit algorithm. An application to an existing masonry dam is presented, analyzing its present condition, with excessive seepage, and the proposed rehabilitation intervention. An evaluation of sliding failure mechanisms was also performed, showing the expected improvement in the safety of the structure.     

Stability of an Embankment on Soft Consolidating Soil with Vertical Drains

Stability of an embankment constructed on soft consolidating soil improved with pre-fabricated vertical drains is investigated. The factor of safety of the embankment is obtained at various time intervals from the end of construction till the end of consolidation in order to check the embankment stability. Finite element method is used to obtain the effective stresses at required points in soil at various time intervals. Critical slip surface is obtained using two methods. In the first method, the critical slip surface is assumed as an arc of a circle selected among various probable slip circles with minimum factor of safety whereas, in the second method, a random walking type Monte Carlo technique is used to predict the critical slip surface. The effects of providing vertical drains on stability of an embankment is investigated by comparing the factor of safety of slope with vertical drains to the factor of safety of slope without vertical drains. It is concluded from the study that the installation of vertical drains enhances the factor of safety of the embankment from the end of construction till the end of consolidation.     

Effect of Soil Disturbance on Consolidation By Prefabricated Vertical Drains Installed in a Rectangular Pattern

In this paper, the effect of soil disturbance caused by installation of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) on the rate of consolidation is studied by two-dimensional finite element analysis. A transition zone lying between the highly disturbed smear and the undisturbed zones is considered in the analysis. The hydraulic conductivity in the transition zone is assumed to vary linearly from a low value in the smear zone to the original in situ value in the undisturbed zone. The analysis uses the actual band shape of the PVD and the rectangular shape of the unit cell. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of the degree of soil disturbance, the size of the smear and the transition zones, the PVD spacing and the mandrel size and shape. Design guidelines, where the smear and transition zones are replaced by an expanded smear zone producing the same effect, are provided so that existing analytical solutions considering only the smear zone can be used for analysis and design. A comparison with experimental results shows that consideration of the transition zone is important for correct estimation of the degree of consolidation.     

基于遗传算法的重力式挡土墙优化设计

将遗传算法应用于重力式挡土墙截面优化设计问题的求解,并在此基础上建立了重力式挡土墙截面优化的数学模型.采用二进制编码,通过执行遗传算法的选择、交叉和变异算子,实现对重力式挡土墙截面的优化设计.算例结果表明,该优化算法用于重力式挡土墙截面优化设计是有效可行的.     

原地破碎浸出试验时溶浸液垂向入渗过程的数据模拟

本文通过原地破碎浸出试验时溶浸液运动规律的分析,将溶浸过程中溶浸液的运动分为非饱和带内垂向入渗和饱和带内水平向径流两个主要阶段,并建立其相应的数学模型,还对溶浸液的垂向入渗过程进行了数值模拟。     

利用1stOpt软件优化设计重力式挡土墙断面

为解决挡土墙设计指标计算较为繁琐,并且难以得出最佳结果的问题,以重力式档土墙的截面面积最小为目标函数,并以满足稳定性及地基承载力验算要求为约束条件,得到非线性优化数学模型,并利用优秀国产数学软件1stopt优化求解。该方法避免了繁琐的试算过程,能得到经济合理的截面尺寸,并已成功应用在忠-武输气管线沿途水工保护工程中。     

Optimization of Gravity Concrete Dams Using the Grasshopper Algorithm (Case Study: Koyna Dam)

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The aim of this study is to optimize the geometric dimensions of the Koyna concrete weight dam with and without seismic forces using the grasshopper...     

应用水热运移数值模拟优化地下水源热泵系统抽灌井布局

合理布局抽水井和回灌井是地下水源热泵系统长期有效运行的关键因素。以郑州市郑东新区为例,利用HST3D软件建立水热运移数值模型,优化设计地下水源热泵系统抽灌水井布局,预测地下水源热泵系统长期运行后对含水层的水热影响。结果表明:介质比热容及渗透率分别对含水层温度及水位影响显著,是较敏感的参数。方案3(3个回灌井垂直天然流向分布且位于抽水井下游)为最佳布井方式。抽灌量900,1 200,1 500及2 000m3/d所对应的合理布井间距分别为50,65,70及75m。相应布井方案的水源热泵系统运行20a,对含水层温度场的影响仅限于200m×200m的范围,抽水井温度变化小于1℃。     

基于重磁数据梯度比值的深度学习技术实现场源位置反演方法

场源中心位置的计算是重磁数据反演的主要任务之一,现主要通过异常与场源位置之间的数学物理方程来估算地质体的位置.为了快速、准确获得地质体的位置信息,提出基于重磁梯度比值的深度学习技术实现场源位置的获取;其利用深度学习技术所建立的重磁梯度比值水平分布与地质体埋深、构造指数的关系,快速实现异常场源位置计算,且提出利用多个值的...     

塑料排水板堆载预压处理深厚软基的试验研究

以广珠准高速铁路软土路堤试验塑料排水板堆载预压法处理深厚软基的测试结果为基础 ,对用该方法处理深厚软基的沉降、孔隙水压力、土压力、土工格栅受力及深层水平位移等方面的变化规律进行了分析     

Tectonics of the Solomon Sea Basin from Vertical Gravity Gradient and Seismic Data

The Solomon Sea Basin is a Cenozoic back-arc spreading basin within the convergence system of the Pacific and Indo-Australian plates. Against the background of subduction polarity reversal, the current Solomon Sea Basin gradually formed a rhombic morphology with the subduction of the basin along the New Britain Trench and the Trobriand Trough. By analyzing the vertical gravity gradient, natural earthquake and seismic reflection data, this study determines the structural characteristics of the So...     

潮汐环境中垂向湍射流流场的数值模拟

选用κ-ε双方程湍流模式,对自由面做“动”刚盖假设,建立潮汐流场中垂向射流流场的数学模型.根据潮流往复回荡的特性,采用“跟踪扫描”对离散方程逐行求解,保证和加快了解的收敛。计算了五种回荡周期中射流流场的变化过程,预报回流区高度与实测值吻合。分析了潮汐非恒定性的影响,获得了一些有益结论。     

圆弧滑动边坡改进条分法的数值分析

结合传统极限平衡方法和现代极限平衡方法,对圆弧滑动边坡进行垂直条分,将条块间的作用力一般化,提出了基于圆弧滑动的改进条分法。建立了圆弧滑动边坡的力学计算式,确定了一般化的条间力影响系数和边坡安全系数的关系式。运用数值计算和迭代程序,得出滑体分别在力平衡和力矩平衡下的安全系数随条间力影响系数变化情况,从而定量地描述了边坡稳定状态。结果表明,圆弧滑动垂直条分改进方法反映了滑动面和垂直面相互影响情况,数值计算简便,而且精度较高。     

水中填土坝和水坠坝抗剪强度指标整理分析与选定的探讨

作者对大量的室内试验与原型观测等资料作了论证,提出了室内试验资料的整理方法和采用室内试验、原型应用期核算、滑坡反算、宏观调查对比等多种途径,来分析与选定抗剪强度指标。     

竖向荷载下后压浆桩承载性状的数值分析

利用弹性有限元法对桩桩底后压浆桩的工作性状进行分析,研究讨论压浆作用、桩体在不同加荷阶段的力学状态以及影响压浆桩竖向承载力的主要因素,并对其提高承载力的效果进行了评价,得出一些有益的结论。     

灰色系统理论在1：20万区域重力调查研究中的应用

根据石牛山、石柱山实测火山构造的重力、航磁、物性、地质，地貌等特征，应用灰色系统理论中灰关联分析方法推测石牛山－石柱山晚白垩世火山构造洼地东部局部重力低异常由火山构造引起。     

导线环垂直激发场高精度数值模拟

导线环垂直激发场是导线环在地下产生的激发场中垂直于地磁场的分量,在地面核磁共振找水方法中,垂直激发场在地下的分布直接决定地面核磁共振响应,探讨影响垂直激发场地下分布的诸因素进而研究这些因素对地面核磁共振响应的作用,对核磁共振找水正确野外施工具有一定的指导意义,有助于采集更高质量的野外数据.利用经典Chave算法对含有贝塞尔函数的强振荡积分核进行了数值积分试验,将其计算结果和对应的解析解进行了对比,试验结果显示该算法用于强震荡函数无穷积分的计算具有良好的收敛性、较高的精度和较快的计算速度,采用Chave算法对含有贝塞尔函数的强振荡函数进行积分是可行的.在此基础上,进一步计算并数值模拟了导线环垂直激发场及其相位,分别从地磁倾角、磁偏角、地下介质导电性、深度等方面探讨了影响垂直激发场及其相位分布的主要因素.