Characters of fluid inclusions in quartz veins in pyroclastic rock of Budate Group, Hailar Basin

It was adopted that the fluorescence microscope, Gas-Flow Heating/Freezing System, Laser-Raman Spectroscopy, etc. are the multimedia techniques for analysing fluid inclusions of quartz veins in Budate Group, Hailar Basin. The results show that fluid inclusions in quartz veins are small ( 1～5μm) monophase, two-phase (liquid vapour) aqueous inclusions; the two-phase aqueous inclusions homogcniese to the liquid phase between 120 ～ 180℃, two dominant types for oil inclusions were determined in quartz veins: ① the primary inclusions, almostly gas, measurement by Laser-Raman Spectroscopy show that both gas phase are enriched in CH4 (94.50%～99.25% ) and C6H6 (0.75%～2.70%), under these conditions, inclusions may have come from juvenile fliud followingly the quartz veins formation. While the quartz veins exhibiting different striking luminescence has been proved by cathodoluminescence, it would be impossible to come from the deep magmas and strata. ② aqueous, liquid and two-phase (liquid vapour) oil inclusions, belong to secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. The oil inclusions of this stage represent mainly the large scale of oil accumulation, located within the quartz microfracture.     

Features of Sand-dust Deposits in Harbin City, China

1 Introduction The sand-dust storm weather, induced by special at- mospheric circulation in specifically geologic and geo- graphic environment, is disastrous one with little prob- ability and excessive harm. In China, the sand-dust storm frequency of every 10 years had increased from 4 times in the 1950s to 23 times in the 1990s (Zhuang et al., 2001). The sand-dust weather occurring in a large area of the northern China in the spring of 2002 had attracted much attention. People are gradually…     

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic, hydrocarbons in main aquacultural areas in Guangdong, China

The environmental quality status of Daya Bay (22.56–22.77°N, 114.51–114.73°E), a main aquaculture area in Guangdong of China, was investigated using 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) sediment samples of the bay. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 115 to 1 134 ng/g dry weight. The PAH composition pattern in sediments suggest dominance of 4-ring PAHs in Sites 2 and 4, and the ratio of certain related PAHs indicated important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The results enhance the understanding of current contamination levels and make a better assessment of likely impacts of organic contamination on ecosystems and the sustainability of local aquaculture in the area especially after the establishment of the Nuclear Power Station by the bay.     

Characteristics of Climate Change in Northern Xinjiang in 1961–2017, China

Xinjiang is located in the core China's ‘Belt and Road’ development, and northern Xinjiang is an important region for economic development. In recent years, due to the strong influence of global climate change and human disturbance, regional climate instability and ecological-economic-social system sensitivity have grown. In this paper, seasonal, interannual, interdecadal, spatial, abrupt, and periodic variations of temperature and precipitation in northern Xinjiang were analyzed using daily surface air temperature and precipitation data from 49 meteorological stations during 1961–2017. At the same time, the driving factors of climate change are discussed. Methods included linear regression, cumulative anomaly, the Mann-Kendall test, and Morlet wavelet analysis. The results indicated that during the study period, annual mean temperature and annual precipitation increased significantly at rates of 0.35℃/10 yr and 13.25 mm/10 yr, respectively, with abrupt changes occurring in 1994 and 1986. Annual mean temperature and annual precipitation in all four seasons showed increasing trends, with the maximum increases in winter of 0.42℃/10 yr and 3.95 mm/10 yr, respectively. The general climate in northern Xinjiang showed a trend towards increasingly warm and humid. In terms of spatial distribution, the temperature and precipitation in high mountainous areas increased the most, while basins areas increased only slightly. Periodic change analysis showed that annual mean temperature and annual precipitation experienced two climatic shifts from cold to warm and dry to wet, respectively. Population change, economic development and land use change are important factors affecting climate change, and more research should be done in this field.     

Distribution of Bacteria Injected in Body of Giant Black Shrimp, Penaeus Monodon

1　INTRODUCTIONThepenaeidshrimpcultureindustriesintheworlddevelopedfromtheirexperimentalbeginningslessthanthirtyyearsagointoamajoraquaculturein dustrytodaythatprovideshundredsofthousandsofjobs,billionsofU .S.dollarsinrevenue,andaug mentstheglobalfoodsupplywithahighvaluecrop(LighterandRedmam ,1 998) .Upto 1 995,farmedshrimpatvolumeof71 2 0 0 0MT ,almostallconsistingofPenaeidspecies,accountedfor 2 7%ofworldshrimpproduction.Inthatyear,asoneofthemostimportantculturedshrimp,theproductionofP…     

Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Residential Land Growth in Hefei of Anhui Province, China

We used the maps of urban land-use in 1978, 1991, 1994, 2000 and 2004, and softwares such as ArcGIS, Fragstats to analyze the spatio-temporal process of urban residential space quantitatively. Some methods, such as di- rection analysis and landscape pattern analysis, were employed. The results show that: 1) the residential land grew very rapidly in Hefei from 1978 to 2004, and the increased land was distributed mainly in the central city zone surrounded by a moat; however, after 1994, it was distributed mainly outside the 1th Ring Road; 2) the expansion speeds were very different in different directions: there exists a fastest expansion of residential land in the directions of NE-NNE, SW and SSE, and a slowest one in the directions of E and SEE; 3) the residential land growth went through four stages: slow circular expansion in 1978-1991, 'axes fan wings' expansion in 1991-1994, more rapid circular expansion in 1994-2000 and 'fan-wings' expansion in 2000-2004; 4) the expansion intensity was also different in all directions in the period of 1978 to 1994, and the most was in SW and then NW; and 5) there were more and more residential land area, and the spatial agglomeration was improved increasingly.     

Distribution of Bacteria Injected in Body of Giant Black Shrimp,Penaeus Monodon

Distribution of injected Vibrio anguillarum in body of P,,naeus monodon was studied with immunohistochemical method. Bacteria could be detected throughout the experiment in some individuals; however in lymphoid tissue, gill, heart and haemolymph of all vibrio injected shrimp, the bacteria could be observed only 5 min after injection. The bacteria density in haemolymph, haemolymph of the hepatopancreas and gills decreased with time. In the lymphoid organ and heart, the bacteria density was the highest 48 h after injection, then decreased. Nodules could be formed in the heart, lymphoid organ and injection site.     

Geology of Gold Ore Deposits in Western Linyi of Shandong Province,China

1IntroductionWestern Linyi of Shandong Province is one of the most important gold ore mineralization concen-tration areas. Tongjing skarn type gold copper de-posit, Jinchang skarn type gold copper deposit and Duijinshan porphyry type gold deposit were found in 1960's (Edited committee, 1996). Following the discovery of Guilaizhuang gold ore deposit related to alkaline rocks in 1988, the western Linyi region becomes one of the extensively studied areas of gold deposits in China (Lin etal.,…     

SR-XRF analysis of Polytrichum in the Fildes Peninsula,Antarctica

In order to study the element contents and distribution of various mosses collected in the Antarctica, we analyzed the heavy elements of 3 species of Polytri-chum in the Fildes Peninsula, P. alpinum, P. juniperinum and P. alpestre, by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence ( SR-XRF). The result shows that the elements, such as K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr, are nearly the same in Potytrichum. The peak intensity of K is higher than that of Ca, and the peak intensity of Ca is higher than that of Fe in P. alpinum. In P. juniperinum, the peak intensity of K is higher than that of Ca, and the peak intensity of Ca is close to that of Fe. The peak intensity of K is nearly equal to those of Ca and Fe in P. alpestre. Therefore, the habitats of 3 species of Polytrichum are similar in the Fildes Peninsula. By XRF analyzing of different parts of P. alpestre, we found that the peak intensities of relative concentration of elements are obviously different. The peak intensity of K in apical-bud is the highest in orga     

Deep Metallogenic Speciality of Lithosphere in Amur Province, Russia

When the spatial parameters of regional ore-magmatic systems of Russian Amur Province is estimated,the deep seismic results and gravity data are most often used. In the first case,the correlation of ore-deposits with the thickness of the sialic crys-talline complexes and the crust bottom depth are considered (Kokorin, 1988; Sukhov etal., 2000; Moiseenko,1996),in second case the spatial laws of deposit distribution relative to the regional Bouge minimums explained by “granitization”and lowd…     

Assessment of Sustainable Development System in Suihua City, China

Sustainable development is a complex and systemic issue. It is essential to study it by the component analysis method from the view of system science. The urban developmental sustainability is one of focuses that people has paid more attention to, however, little common understanding how to measure and evaluate the sustainability has been gotten. In this paper, a framework is designed to evaluate the developmental sustainability of Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province in China from the aspects of economy, society, population, resources and environment. We adopt the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to decrease dimensions and simplify the original indexes into 12 indexes. Also, the hierarchy and comprehensive multiple-criterion evaluative methods are employed to assess the sustainable development system in Suihua City. Then, the weights of indexes are attained by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Furthermore, urban comprehensive development level, developmental sustainability, coordinate degree are calculated and analyzed. By analyzing, we know the fluctuation of development level of subsystem, especially resources and environment subsystem, is acute. The comprehensive development level of sustainable development system in Suihua has been on the rise since 1999. That results from the effect of traditional economic development mode with high energy-consumed being decreased in the city after 1999. At the same time, it is obvious that there was an instability of development level in Suihua City during 1990-2002, with a turn in 1998, and the development could be sustainable, the status trend was more harmonious in 1999-2002.     

Who is the “murderer” of the bloom in coastal waters of Fujian,China, in 2019?

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - On May 24–29, 2019, a bloom occurring in Pingtan coastal areas of Fujian Province caused mass mortality of cage-cultured fish (Plectorhinchus cinctus and...     

Measurement of Labile Cu, Pb and Their Complexation Capacity in Yueqing Bay in Zhejiang Province, China

1　INTRODUCTIONRecently ,thepollutionoftracemetalinseawaterhasbecomeincreasinglyevident.Researchershavefo cusedattentiontotracemetalpresentinvariousexistenceforms ,especiallyorganiccomplexingphases.Theexistencestatesandtransportmechanismofbaytracemetalswerethesubjectofstudybysomere searchers(Gu ,1 991 ;Florence ,1 998;Guo ,1 998;Wells,1 991 ,1 998a ,b ;Wellsetal.,1 998) .Whetherinfreshwaterorseawater,colloidsareclearlydominantfactorsaffectingtheexistencestatesandtransportmechanismoftrac…     

Secondary Production of Macrobenthos in Mangrove Area of Tong’an Bay,China

Studies on secondary production lead to a better understanding of the functions of the macrobenthic ecosystem．Based on the macrobenthic data obtained at 6 sampling stations from April 2006 to January 2007,Brey's(1990)empirical formula was applied to calculate the secondary production of macrobenthos in the mangrove area of Tong'an Bay.The results showed that the mean annual secondary production of macrobenthos was 13.24gAFDW.m-2·a-1 The mean secondary production in the mangrove habitat was 12.22gAFDW．m-2·a-1,lower than that in the non-mangrove habitat,which was 15.29gAFDW．m-2·a-1.Two possible reasons existed for this difference.First,mollusk and crustacean,which contribute more to the secondary production,probably benefit from longer inundation period in the non-mangrove habitat.Second,the higher organic matter in the mangrove habitat results in hypoxia in the bottom sediment,which may decrease the secondary production.The annual mean production-to-biomass(P/B)ratio in Tong'an Bay was 1.17,with a ratio of 1.27 in the mangrove habitat and 0.96 in the non-mangrove habitat,which was coincident with the much higher density of Limnodriloides sp.and Corophium sp.in the mangrove habitat than in the non-mangrove habitat.The maximum secondary production and P/B ratio of macrobenthos both appeared at sampling station FL2 in April,2006(namely April-FL2)with values of 31.38gAFDW.m-2·a-1 and 2.20,respectively.The macrobenthic secondary production in Tong'an Bay is lower than those in other intertidal studies except that in Haitan Strait,the reason being the different sediment properties.The P/B ratio in Tong'an Bay was the lowest due to the high proportion of crustaceans in the macrobenthic community．     

Classification and Gradation of Cultivated Land Quality in Bishan County of Chongqing, China

The conflicts among food security, economic development and ecological protection are the “sticking point” of undeveloped southwestern mountainous areas of China. The objectives of this study are to identify appropriate inte- grated indicators influencing the classification and gradation of cultivated land quality in the southwestern mountainous area of China based on semi-structure interview, and to promote the monitoring of cultivated land quality in this region. Taking Bishan County of Chongqing as a study case, the integrated indicators involve the productivity, protection, ac- ceptability, and stability of cultivated land. The integrated indicators accord with the characteristics of land resources and human preference in southwestern mountainous area of China. In different agricultural zones, we emphasize different indicators, such as emphasizing productivity, stabilization and acceptability in low hilly and plain agricultural integrative zone (LHP-AIZ), protection, productivity and stability in low mountain and hill agro-forestry ecological zone (LMH-AEZ), and acceptability in plain outskirts integrative agricultural zone (PO-IAZ), respectively. The pronounced difference of classification and gradation of cultivated land, regardless of inter-region or intra-region, is observed, with the reducible rank from PO-IAZ, LHP-AIZ to LMH-AEZ. Research results accord with the characteristics of assets management and intensive utilization of cultivated land resources in the southwestern mountainous area of China. Semi-structure interview adequately presents the principal agent of farmers in agricultural land use and rural land market. This method is very effective and feasible to obtain data of the quality of cultivated land in the southwestern mountainous area of China.     

The Occurrence of an Exotic Bisexual Artemia Species, Artemia franciscana, in Two Coastal Salterns of Shandong Province, China

The alien halophilous Artemia species, Artemia franciscana, was found in Chengkou Saltern and Yangkou Saltern of Shandong Province, P.R. China. Although the indigenous parthenogenetic Artemia is detectable, the exotic species is dominant in both salterns. The cross-breeding tests between the exotic A. franciscana and 5 bisexual Artemia species were conducted. The results of hybridization and morphological observations on the exotic A. franciscana are briefly presented in this short communication.     

Evolution of Hydrodynamic Field, Oil-Gas Migration and Accumulation in Songliao Basin, China

The oil-gas migration and accumulation in the Songliao Basin were analyzed in the view of fluid dynamics by the authors. The key point of fluid dynamics is hydrodynamics. Oil-gas migration and accumulation are related closely with formation and evolution of hydrodynamic field. Based on abundant data, initial formation pressure and other parameters, such as water head were studied. They can be used to understand the present distribution of hydrodynamic field and its hydrochemical features. Generally, the hydrodynamic field in the basin is obviously asymmetrical. In its north and east part, there are the areas of centripetal flow caused by topographic relief when meteoric water permeate downwards. Its south part is an evaporation-concentration area. The central depression is an area of centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction and its cross-formational flow area. Only at the basin margin and in the local uplifted and denudated area are the meteoric water permeating downwards areas. The centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction is the main dynamic factor that induces oil-gas migration and accumulation and its formation period corresponding to the main stage of oil-gas migration and accumulation. Moreover, the evolution of hydrodynamic field has the cyclic property, which results in phased oil-gas migration by stages, and further dominates the terraced annular oil and gas distribution, concentric with their corresponding sags.     

Character and Causes of Population Distribution in Shenyang City, China

1 Introduction Research on the character of urban population distribu- tion is one of the focuses of western urban geography. From the 1950s, the research has attracted the attention of many western researchers, and a series of classical theoretical models were put forward. For example, Clark (1951) found that with the increase of distance from the city center, the urban population density tends to de- crease in exponential. Through the statistical analysis of more than 20 cities, he put forw…     

β-diversity Patterns of Plant Community in Fragmented Habitat in a Degenerated Meadow in Songnen Plain, China

A number of isolated islands of Leymus chinensis + herbosa community were investigated in fragmented habitat islands, by Braun-Blanquet field survey approach, in a degenerated meadow in the Songnen Plain, China in 2007. These islands were classified as large, medium, and small scales on the basis of the island area (100–1000m², large island; 50–100m², middle island; 10–50m², small island). Each scale of the investigation involved eight islands. The responses of β-diversity patterns of plant taxon to the habitat fragmentation at local community and metacommunity levels were analyzed on different scales of 24 isolated islands. The results indicated that at the local community level, there were 57 species belonging to 20 families and 49 genera in large islands, 49 species belonging to 16 families and 40 genera in middle islands, and 27 species belonging to eight families and 23 genera in small islands. β-diversity indexes for species, genus and family in large, middle, and small islands varied greatly, and the highest value of the indexes was not noted in the largest island. However, the average of the data obtained at the three scales showed that across large islands, Whittaker indexes were low and Bray-Curtis similarity indexes were high, while across small islands, Whittaker indexes were high and Bray-Curtis similarity indexes were low. At the metacommunity level, Whittaker indexes for species and genus showed a great significantly negative double logarithmic correlation (p<0.01) with the island area, whereas the Bray-Curtis indexes for species, genus and family showed a great significantly positive double logarithmic correlation (p<0.01) with the island area. At both local community and metacommunity levels, turnovers of species and genus could respond more sensitively to spatial changes of plant diversity patterns than that of family. Hence, the species and the genus could be used for the analysis of β-diversity patterns of plant community.     

Effects of temperature, pH and NaCl on protease activity in digestive tract of young turbot, Scophthalmus maximus

1 INTRODUCTION Digestive enzyme activity is one of important issues for learning digestive physiology of fish, and widely applied in commercial fish culture. So far, the data obtained in fish showed that the diges- tive enzymes were qualitatively similar …